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Gajjar, Avi A.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3686-9413

Mayo Clinic

Albany Medical College

Citations 4

E-242 Predictors of morbidity and in-hospital mortality in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: insights from two decades of national data
Salem, M, Gajjar, A, Moseley, R, Helal, A, Ohene-Adjei, M, Ghaith, A, Paul, A, Srinivasan, V, Case, D, Burkhardt, J, Roark, C, Seinfeld, J, Gajjar, Avi A. , Moseley, Ross , Helal, A, Ohene-Adjei, Michael , Roark, Christopher D. , Seinfeld, Joshua

SNIS 23rd Annual Meeting Electronic Poster Abstracts | July 20, 2026 | Volume: No volume available | Issue: No issue available | Pages: A245.2-A246

10.1136/jnis-2026-snis.346 Get It

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Nontraumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Collaborators, GBD 2021 Global Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Risk Factors, Rautalin, Ilari, Stark, Benjamin, Johnson, Catherine O., Kaprio, Jaakko , Korja, Miikka, Krishnamurthi, Rita , Nair, Balakrishnan , Vergouwen, Mervyn D. I. , Abdelkader, Atef , Abdullahi, Auwal , Abualruz, Hasan , Abukhadijah, Hana J , Adamu, Lawan Hassan, Adegboye, Oyelola A. , Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Agyemang‐Duah, Williams , Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel , Ahmad, Danish , Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud , Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed , Ali, Mohammed Usman, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad , Alimohamadi, Yousef, Alsabri, Mohammed , Altaf, Awais , Alvis‐Guzmán, Nelson , Alwafi, Hassan , Al‐Wardat, Mohammad , Alyahya, Mohammad S. , Amin, Tarek Tawfik , Amindarolzarbi, Alireza , Amusa, Ganiyu , Angappan, Dhanalakshmi , Anuoluwa, Boluwatife Stephen, Anwar, Saleha, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward , Apostol, Geminn Louis Carace, Areda, Demelash, Artamonov, Anton A, Artanti, Kurnia Dwi , Ashemo, Mubarek Yesse , Athar, Mohammad , Aujayeb, Avinash , Awotidebe, Adedapo Wasiu , Azadnajafabad, Sina , Aziz, Shahkaar , Bagheri, Nasser , Taqanaki, Pegah Bahrami , Bahramian, Saeed , Bai, Ruhai , Baig, Atif Amin , Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin , Bam, Kiran, Barker‐Collo, Suzanne , Bärnighausen, Till , Bastan, Mohammad‐Mahdi , Basu, Sanjay , Bell, Shelly L, Benseñor, Isabela M , Berhie, Alemshet Yirga , Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth , Bhaskar, Sonu , Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bhat, Vivek , Birhan, Mekuriaw Mesfin , Borhany, Hamed, Breitner, Susanne , Bulamu, Norma B. , Butt, Zahid A , Cabral, Lucas Scotta , Santos, Florentino Luciano Caetano dos , Cámera, Luis Alberto , Capodici, Angelo , Chadwick, Joshua , Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo , Chanie, Gashaw Sisay , Chattu, Vijay Kumar , Chi, Gerald, Chichagi, Fatemeh , Columbus, Alyssa , Criqui, Michael H, Ohadi, Mohammad Amin Dabbagh , Dadras, Omid , Dalli, Lachlan L. , Debopadhaya, Shayom , Dervišević, Emina , Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan, Dewan, Syed Masudur Rahman , Dhane, Amol S. , Chi, Thanh, Phuong, Thao Huynh, Dohare, Sushil , Докова, Клара , Dowou, Robert Kokou , Dsouza, Haneil Larson , Dutta, Siddhartha , Dziedzic, Arkadiusz , E’mar, Abdel Rahman, Edvardsson, David , Efendi, Ferry, Nahas, Nevine El , Elgendy, Islam Y. , Eltaha, Chadi, Emeto, Theophilus I. , Fakhradiyev, Ildar , Faris, Pawan , Fauk, Nelsensius Klau , Fazylov, Timur, Fekadu, Ginenus , Fetensa, Getahun, Fischer, Florian, Foschi, Matteo , Fridayani, Ni Kadek Yuni, Gaipov, Abduzhappar , Gajjar, Avi A. , Ganesan, Balasankar , Gebregergis, Miglas Welay, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru , Getie, Molla , Ghadirian, Fataneh , Ghasemzadeh, Afsaneh , Gholamalizadeh, Maryam , Gil, Artyom , Goleij, Pouya , Goulart, Alessandra C. , Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de , Guan, Shi‐Yang , Gupta, Sapna , Habibzadeh, Farrokh , Hadi, Najah R, Hankey, Graeme J. , Harlianto, Netanja I. , Hasani, Hamidreza, Hasnain, Md Saquib , Haubold, Johannes , Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Simon I , Hbid, Youssef , Heidari, Golnaz , Hiraike, Yuta, Hoan, Nguyen Quoc , Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi , Hwang, Bing‐Fang , Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel , Ikiroma, Adalia , Isola, Gaetano , Iwagami, Masao , Jacob, Louis, Jain, Akhil, Jakovljević, Mihajlo , Jatau, Abubakar Ibrahim , Jawaid, Talha, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar , Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Nitin , Jürisson, Mikk , Kadashetti, Vidya, Kalani, Rizwan, Kamireddy, Arun , Kandel, Himal , Behnagh, Arman Karimi , Kashoo, Faizan , Kayode, Gbenga A , Kazemi, Foad , Khader, Yousef , Khaing, Inn Kynn , Khan, Fayaz Ahmad , Khan, Mohammad Jobair , Kashani, Hamid Reza Khayat , Khosla, Atulya Aman , Kim, Kwanghyun , Kim, Yun Jin , Korzh, Oleksii , Krishan, Kewal , Krishna, Varun, Krishnamoorthy, Vijay , Kuddus, Mohammed , Kulimbet, Mukhtar , Lahariya, Chandrakant, Lai, Daphne Teck Ching , Lai, Hanpeng , Laksono, Tri, Lallukka, Tea , Latifinaibin, Kaveh, Le, Nhi Huu Hanh, Le, Thao T. , Lee, Munjae , Lee, Yo Han , Lenzi, Jacopo , Leonardi, Matilde, Li, Ming‐Chieh , Li, Xiaopan , Lim, Stephen S , Lin, Jialing , Saute, Ricardo Lutzky , Malik, Ahmad Azam , Marateb, Hamid Reza , Maroufi, Seyed Farzad , Maugeri, Andrea , McPhail, Steven , Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mettananda, Chamila Dinushi Kukulege , Miazgowski, Tomasz , Minervini, Giuseppe , Mithra, Prasanna , Mohamed, Abdalla Z. , Mohammad, Ameen Mosa , Mohammed, Shafiu , Moni, Mohammad Ali , Moradi, Yousef, Moraga, Paula , Morawska, Lídia , Munjal, Kavita , Murray, Christopher J L , Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman , Naik, Ganesh R. , Najdaghi, Soroush , Davani, Delaram Narimani , DELETE-ME, Nawsherwan, Nazri-Panjaki, Athare , Negoi, Ruxandra Irina , Nematollahi, Soroush , Nguyen, Hau Thi Hien, Nguyen, Hau Thi Hien, Nguyen, Phat Tuan , Nguyễn, Văn Thành , Niazi, Robina Khan, Nikoobar, Ali , Sá, Antonio Tolentino Nogueira de , Nomura, Shuhei , Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe , Oancea, Bogdan , Ojo-Akosile, Tolulope R, Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes de , Olorukooba, Abdulhakeem Abayomi , Osuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi , Ouyahia, Amel, A, Mahesh Padukudru P, Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B. , Parikh, Romil R., Park, Seoyeon , Pedersini, Paolo , Peprah, Emmanuel , Perico, Norberto, Petermann-Rocha, Fanny Emily, Plotnikov, Evgenii , Полибин, Р. В. , Postma, Maarten J. , Prasad, Manya , Qian, Gangzhen , Rahmanian, Mohammad , Rajaa, Sathish , Rajput, Prashant , Ramadan, Mahmoud M. , Rane, Amey, Rashidi, Mohammad‐Mahdi , Razo, Christian , Reddy, Murali Mohan Rama Krishna, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Rezaei, Negar , Rezaeian, Mohsen , Rocha, Hermano Alexandre Lima , Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Roever, Leonardo , Romoli, Michele, Romozzi, Marina, Roy, Nitai , Saddik, Basema Ahmad, Sahoo, Pragyan Monalisa , Salaroli, Luciane Bresciani , Samuel, Vijaya Paul, Samy, Abdallah M , Santric-Milicevic, Milena M., Saravanan, Aswini, Schlaich, Markus P. , Sethi, Yashendra , Seylani, Allen, Shaaban, Ahmed Nabil , Shafie, Mahan , Shaikh, Summaiya Zareen , Shamsutdinova, Alfiya, Sharifan, Amin , Rad, Javad Sharifi, Sharma, Vishal, Shashamo, Bereket Beyene , Shetty, Premalatha K, Shigematsu, Mika, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Singh, Paramdeep , Singh, Puneetpal , Singh, Surjit , Sobia, Farrukh , Solanki, Shipra, Soraneh, Soroush , Spartalis, Michael, Srinivasamurthy, Suresh Kumar , Stanikzai, Muhammad Haroon , Sun, Zhong , Swain, Chandan Kumar , Damavandi, Payam Tabaee , Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Amir, Tabche, Celine , Taiba, Jabeen , Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze , Tan, Ker‐Kan , Teramoto, Masayuki , Thakur, Ramna, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman , Thayakaran, Rasiah , Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tiwari, Krishna Raj , Tonelli, Marcello , Topór-Mądry, Roman , Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto Roberto, Tran, Jasmine, Tran, Thang Huu , Duc, Nguyen Tran Minh , Truelsen, Thomas Clement, Unim, Brigid, Vahdati, Sanaz, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj , Eynde, Jef Van den , Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch , Waheed, Yasir, Wahood, Waseem , Walde, Mandaras Tariku, Wang, Yanzhong , Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana , Wolfe, Charles D. A., Wubie, Yihun Miskir, Xiao, Hong , Xu, Xiaoyue , Yano, Yuichiro , Yarahmadi, Amir , Ye, Pengpeng, Yon, Dong Keon , Zanghì, Aurora , Zare, Iman, Zastrozhin, Michael, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang , Zhang, Zhiqiang , Zhang, Zhiqiang, Zhao, Hanqing , Zhou, Shang Cheng, Zhumagaliuly, Abzal , Zia, Hafsa, Roth, Gregory A., Topór‐Mądry, Roman , Oliveira, Arão Belitardo , Rahim, Fakher , Saddik, Basema , Waheed, Yasir , Liu, Xuefeng , Zhang, Yunquan , Ozair, Ahmad , Buendía, Jefferson Antonio , Korja, Miikka , Baig, Atif Amin , Shanawaz, Mohd , Elgendy, Islam Y , Hankey, Graeme J , Alif, Sheikh M , Rezaei, Negar , Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth , Van den Eynde, Jef , Ozair, Ahmad , Collaborators, GBD 2021 Global Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Risk Factors, Rautalin, Ilari Matias , Volovici, Victor , Ranta, Annemarei , Rinkel, Gabriël J.E. , Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbastabar, Hedayat , Abd-Allah, Foad , Abdi, Parsa , Abdollahi, Arash , Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola , Aboagye, Richard Gyan , Abouzid, Mohamed , Abtahi, Dariush , Abu‐Rumeileh, Samir , Abualhasan, Ahmed , Abu‐Zaid, Ahmed , Addo, Isaac Yeboah , Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji , Adra, Saryia , Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku , Ahmed, Ali , Ahmed, Haroon , Ahmed, Syed Anees , Aji, Budi , Al‐Ajlouni, Yazan A. , Al‐Aly, Ziyad , ALBashtawy, Mohammed , Aljunid, Syed Mohamed , Alomari, Mahmoud A. , Alrawashdeh, Ahmad , Alsabri, Mohammed A., Salman, Rustam Al‐Shahi , Al‐Tammemi, Ala’a B. , Al‐Worafi, Yaser Mohammed , Aly, Hany Z. , Alzoubi, Karem Hasan , Amani, Reza, Anderlini, Deanna , Anil, Abhishek , Arabloo, Jalal , Ärnlöv, Johan , Arumugam, Ashokan , Aryan, Zahra , Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asghari , Ashraf, Tahira , Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin , Azzam, Ahmed Y , Babu, Giridhara R. , Bako, Abdulaziz Tijjani , Banach, Maciej , Bandyopadhyay, Soham , Banik, Biswajit , Bardhan, Mainak , Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat , Barua, Lingkan , Beyene, Kebede Abera , Bhat, Vivek, Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur , Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh , Bijani, Ali , Bikbov, Boris , Birhanu, Mulugeta Molla , Bitra, Veera Raghavulu , Boloor, Archith , Brenner, Hermann , Bugiardini, Raffaele , Călina, Daniela Cornelia , Campos, Luciana Aparecida , Campos‐Nonato, Ismael , Carvalho, Félix , Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A , Catapano, Alberico Luigi , Cegolon, Luca , Chakraborty, Chiranjib , Chakraborty, Sandip , Chandika, Rama Mohan , Chaudhary, Anis Ahmad , Chi, Gerald , Ching, Patrick R , Chopra, Hitesh , Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan , Chowdhury, E. , Chu, Dinh‐Toi , Chung, Sheng‐Chia , Silva, Alanna Gomes da , Dai, Xiaochen , Dalal, Koustuv , D’Amico, Emanuele , Dashti, Mohsen , Davletov, Kairat , Cruz-Góngora, Vanessa Vianey De la , Delgado‐Enciso, Iván , Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan, Dibas, Mahmoud , Doheim, Mohamed Fahmy , Dongarwar, Deepa , D’Oria, Mario , Doshi, Ojas Prakashbhai , Doshi, Rajkumar , Efendi, Defi , Efendi, Ferry , Elhadi, Muhammed , Eltahir, Mohd. Elmagzoub , Fabin, Natalia , Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis , Fahim, Ayesha , Fares, Jawad , Ferreira, Nuno Bravo , Gandhi, Aravind P. , Garg, Ravindra Kumar , Gebrehiwot, Mesfin , Ghadimi, Delaram J. , Ghahramani, Sulmaz , Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed , Ghozy, Sherief , Gilani, Jaleed Ahmed , Gnedovskaya, Elena V. , Hadei, Mostafa , Hamidi, Samer , Hanifi, Nasrin , Haro, Josep María , Hasan, Faizul , Tabatabaei, Mahgol Sadat Hassan Zadeh , Heidari, Mohammad , Hemmati, Mehdi , Holla, Ramesh , Hostiuc, Sorin , Huang, Junjie , Huynh, Hong-Han , Ikeda, Nayu , Ilaghi, Mehran , Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen , Ilić, Irena , Ilić, Milena , Islam, Md. Rabiul , Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah , Iso, Hiroyasu , Jafarzadeh, Abdollah , Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman , Kalani, Rizwan, Kamal, Vineet Kumar , Kanchan, Tanuj , Karami, Jafar , Karaye, Ibraheem M. , Karimi, Yeganeh , Kesse‐Guyot, Emmanuelle , Khan, Fayaz, Khatatbeh, Haitham , Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad , Kheirallah, Khalid Ahmed , Khidri, Feriha Fatima , Khormali, Moein , Kısa, Adnan , Kısa, Sezer , Kivimäki, Mika , Kolahi, Ali‐Asghar , Kompani, Farzad , Kostev, Karel , Kothari, Nikhil , Kunutsor, Setor K. , Kurniasari, Maria Dyah , Kusuma, Dian Palupi , Kytö, Ville , Vecchia, Carlo La , Lahariya, Chandrakant , Latief, Kamaluddin , Lee, Seung Won , Lee, Wei‐Chen , Leonardi, Matilde, Liu, Xuefeng , Lohner, Valerie , Lorenzovici, László , Lotufo, Paulo A. , Lucchetti, Giancarlo , Lusk, Jay B. , Amin, Hawraz Ibrahim M. , Malhotra, Armaan Kush , Malhotra, Kashish , Malta, Déborah Carvalho , Mansournia, Mohammad Alì , Mantovani, LG , Manu, Emmanuel, Marino, Mirko , Martínez, Ramón , Martini, Santi , Martorell, Miquel , Marzo, Roy Rillera , Mathangasinghe, Yasith , Mathews, Elezebeth , Mehmood, Asim , Mehrabani-Zeinabad, Kamran , Menezes, Ritesh G. , Meo, Sultan A , Meretoja, Atte , Meštrović, Tomislav , Sá, Ana Carolina Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de , Minh, Le Huu Nhat , Mirică, Andreea , Мirrakhimov, Erkin М , Mirza‐Aghazadeh‐Attari, Mohammad , Mishra, Ajay Kumar , Mohamed, Ahmed Ismail , Mohammadi, Soheil , Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah , Mokdad, Ali H. , Molinaro, Sabrina , Momani, Shaher , Ghalibaf, AmirAli Moodi , Moradi, Maryam , Msherghi, Ahmed A.A. , Ansari, Noureddin Nakhostin , Nargus, Shumaila , Natto, Zuhair S. , Nauman, Javaid , DELETE-ME, Nawsherwan, Nayak, Vinod C , Newton, Charles R. , Nigatu, Yeshambel T. , Noubiap, Jean Jacques , Nugen, Fred , Oduro, Michael Safo , Okati‐Aliabad, Hassan , Okeke, Sylvester Reuben , Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul , Olagunju, Andrew T , Olaiya, Muideen Tunbosun , Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa , Ornello, Raffaele , Ortiz‐Prado, Esteban , Ouyahia, Amel , Owolabi, Mayowa , Padrón‐Monedero, Alicia , Padubidri, Jagadish Rao , Panos, Leonidas D , Pantazopoulos, Ioannis N. , Parikh, Romil R., Patel, Jay , Patel, Urvish , Patoulias, Dimitrios , Pereira, Gavin F , Perianayagam, Arokiasamy , Perna, Simone , Petermann‐Rocha, Fanny , Philip, Anil K. , Пирадов, М. А. , Pradhan, Jalandhar , Puvvula, Jagadeesh , Qasim, Nameer Hashim , Raggi, Alberto , Rahimi‐Movaghar, Vafa , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz , Rahmani, Amir Masoud , Sanati, Ali Rajabpour , Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran , Ramazanu, Sheena , Rathish, Devarajan , Rawaf, Salman , Redwan, Elrashdy M , Remuzzi, Giuseppe , Romoli, Michele, Romozzi, Marina , Ross, Allen Guy , Rout, Himanshu Sekhar , Roy, Priyanka , Saad, Aly M A , Saadatian, Zahra , Sabour, Siamak , Sacco, Simona , Sadeghi, Erfan , Saeed, Usman, Sharif‐Askari, Fatemeh Saheb , Sahebkar, Amirhossein , Sajib, Md Refat Uz Zaman , Saleh, Mohamed A. , Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo , MİLİCEVİC, Milena Santric, Saravanan, Aswini , Sarkar, Tanmay, Sarode, Sachin Chakradhar , Sartorius, Benn , Satpathy, Maheswar , Schneider, Ione Jayce Ceola , Schuermans, Art , Selvaraj, Siddharthan , Senthilkumaran, Subramanian , Sepanlou, Sadaf Ghajarieh , Shahwan, Moyad Jamal , Shamim, Muhammad Aaqib , Shamsi, Anas , Shannawaz, Mohammed , Rad, Javad Sharifi, Sharma, Vishal , Shittu, Aminu , Shiue, Ivy , Shlobin, Nathan A. , Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar , Spartalis, Michael , Stanaway, Jeffrey D , Starodubova, Antonina Vladimirovna , Szarpak, Łukasz , Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed‐Amir , Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Amir, Talaat, Iman Mamdouh , Temsah, Mohamad‐Hani , Thakur, Ramna , Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, Tiwari, Krishna, Truyen, Thien Tan Tri Tai , Tsai, Daniel Hsiang‐Te , Ullah, Atta , Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran , Unsworth, Carolyn Anne, Usman, Jibrin Sammani , Valizadeh, Rohollah , Varghese, Joe , Vasankari, Tommi Juhani , Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy , Vervoort, Dominique , Villafañe, Jorge Hugo , Vinayak, Manish , Wafa, Hatem A , Walde, Mandaras Tariku, Willeit, Peter , Wolfe, Charles D.A. , Wolfe, Charles D. A., Yamagishi, Kazumasa , Yaribeygi, Habib , Yaya, Sanni , Ye, Pengpeng, Yonemoto, Naohiro , Yu, Chuanhua , Zastrozhin, Michael, Zhang, Chen , Zhang, Zhiqiang, Zielińska, Magdalena , Zyoud, Samer H. , Roth, Gregory A. , Feigin, Valery L. , Kulimbet, Mukhtar , Rahim, Fakher

JAMA Neurology | May 23, 2025 | Volume: 82 | Issue: 8 | Pages: 765

10.1001/jamaneurol.2025.1522 Get It

Importance Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) represents the third most common stroke type with unique etiologies, risk factors, diagnostics, and treatments. Nevertheless, epidemiological studies often cluster SAH with other stroke types leaving its distinct burden estimates obscure. Objective To estimate the worldwide burden of SAH. Design, Setting, and Participants Based on the repeated cross-sectional Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study, the global burden of SAH in 1990 to 2021 was estimated. Moreover, the SAH burden was compared with other diseases, and its associations with 14 individual risk factors were investigated with available data in the GBD 2021 study. The GBD study included the burden estimates of nontraumatic SAH among all ages in 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2021. Exposures SAH and 14 modifiable risk factors. Main Outcomes and Measures Absolute numbers and age-standardized rates with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) of SAH incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) as well as risk factor–specific population attributable fractions (PAFs). Results In 2021, the global age-standardized SAH incidence was 8.3 (95% UI, 7.3-9.5), prevalence was 92.2 (95% UI, 84.1-100.6), mortality was 4.2 (95% UI, 3.7-4.8), and DALY rate was 125.2 (95% UI, 110.5-142.6) per 100 000 people. The highest burden estimates were found in Latin America, the Caribbean, Oceania, and high-income Asia Pacific. Although the absolute number of SAH cases increased, especially in regions with a low sociodemographic index, all age-standardized burden rates decreased between 1990 and 2021: the incidence by 28.8% (95% UI, 25.7%-31.6%), prevalence by 16.1% (95% UI, 14.8%-17.7%), mortality by 56.1% (95% UI, 40.7%-64.3%), and DALY rate by 54.6% (95% UI, 42.8%-61.9%). Of 300 diseases, SAH ranked as the 36th most common cause of death and 59th most common cause of DALY in the world. Of all worldwide SAH-related DALYs, 71.6% (95% UI, 63.8%-78.6%) were associated with the 14 modeled risk factors of which high systolic blood pressure (population attributable fraction [PAF] = 51.6%; 95% UI, 38.0%-62.6%) and smoking (PAF = 14.4%; 95% UI, 12.4%-16.5%) had the highest attribution. Conclusions and Relevance Although the global age-standardized burden rates of SAH more than halved over the last 3 decades, SAH remained one of the most common cardiovascular and neurological causes of death and disabilities in the world, with increasing absolute case numbers. These findings suggest evidence for the potential health benefits of proactive public health planning and resource allocation toward the prevention of SAH.
Trends in Spinal Pain Procedure Volumes and Reimbursements: An Analysis of 20 Years of Medicare Data
Gajjar, Avi A. , Dombrovsky, David, Stonnington, Henry O. , Polavarapu, Hanish , George, Derek D. , Wakim, Andre, Harland, Tessa , Dombrovsky, David A , George, Derek D , Mansfield, Kevin , Singh, Rohin , Koester, Stefan Wolfgang , Wakim, Andre

Pain Practice | May 21, 2025 | Volume: 25 | Issue: 5 | Pages: No page available

10.1111/papr.70043 Get It

ABSTRACT Introduction Chronic back/neck pain costs the United States around 250 billion dollars annually. Treatment strategies include medication, physical therapy, and specialized procedures. This study aimed to investigate the trends in procedural frequency and Medicare reimbursement rates for common back pain procedures. Methods Data from 2000 to 2020 were extracted from Medicare Part B National Summary Data files, using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes to identify reimbursement for cervical/thoracic and lumbar/sacral epidural injections, radiofrequency ablation, facet joint injections, and spinal cord stimulators (both percutaneous and paddle). Key metrics included annual total physician charges, reimbursements, and the number of procedures performed. Results From 2000 to 2020, 53,208,205 pain procedures were performed. The most common was lumbar/sacral epidural injections, followed by facet joint injections and radiofrequency ablations. Paddle SCS placement was the least common. Percutaneous SCS had the greatest volume growth, increasing from 3595 to 111,172 [+2992%], followed by lumbar/sacral epidural injections with 118,884 to 1,965,445 [+1553%], and cervical/thoracic epidural injections, 22,480–348,642 [+1451%]. All procedures saw a significant increase in volume except for facet joint injections. Inflation‐adjusted reimbursement per service also increased, with paddle SCS demonstrating the largest increase ($618–$2960 [+379.0%]), followed by percutaneous SCS ($353–$1428 [+304.5%]) and cervical/thoracic epidural injections ($128–$153 [+19.5%]). Conclusions Pain management procedures have increased in volume and reimbursement over the last 20 years. This increased reimbursement may allow for broader access to these procedures compared to prior decades and support a shift from traditional and more invasive surgical procedures to minimally invasive treatments for chronic pain patients.
Multicenter analysis of flow diversion for recurrent/persistent intracranial aneurysms after stent-assisted coiling
Salem, Mohamed M. , Helal, Ahmed , Gajjar, Avi A. , Sioutas, Georgios S. , Heiferman, Daniel M. , Lylyk, Iván , Levine, Alex, Salih, Mira , Abbas, Rawad , Saber, Hamidreza , Lanzino, Giuseppe, Brinjikji, Waleed , Tanweer, Omar , Spiotta, Alejandro M , Park, Min S. , Dumont, Aaron S. , Kim, Louis J. , Kan, Peter , Wolfe, Stacey Q , Raz, Eytan , Shapiro, Maksim , Siddiqui, Adnan H. , Ares, William J. , Ogilvy, Christopher S. , Srinivasan, Visish M. , Starke, Robert M., Ducruet, Andrew F. , Tjoumakaris, Stavropoula , Jankowitz, Brian T. , Albuquerque, Felipe C , Nelson, Peter Kim , Riina, Howard A. , Lylyk, Pedro , Jabbour, Pascal , Burkhardt, Jan Karl, Heiferman, Daniel M , Lylyk, Ivan , Desai, Sohum , Borg, Nicholas , Brinjikji, Waleed , Spiotta, Alejandro M , Arthur, Adam Stephen , Levitt, Michael R , Kan, Peter , Hassan, Ameer E , Wolfe, Stacey Quintero , Raz, Eytan , Siddiqui, Adnan H , Ares, William J , Ogilvy, Christopher S , Tjoumakaris, Stavropoula , Jankowitz, Brian , Albuquerque, Felipe C , Jabbour, Pascal , Burkhardt, Jan‐Karl , Naamani, Kareem El , Renieri, Leonardo , Monteiro, Andre , Abdelsalam, Ahmed, Catapano, Joshua S , Lanzino, Giuseppe , Kim, Louis J. , Levitt, Michael R. , Hassan, Ameer E , Limbucci, Nicola , Colby, Geoffrey P. , Hanel, Ricardó A. , Levy, Elad I. , Thomas, Ajith J , Lopes, Demetrius K.

Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery | March 27, 2025 | Volume: 18 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 324-331

10.1136/jnis-2024-022422 Get It

Background Flow-diverter stents (FDS) have become the standard of care for a wide range of intracranial aneurysms, but their efficacy/safety in the context of recurrent/recanalized aneurysms following stent-assisted coiling (SAC) is not well established. We evaluate the outcomes of FDS retreatment in a large multicenter cohort. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from 118 patients across 22 institutions who underwent FDS retreatment for recurrent/persistent aneurysms after SAC (2008–22). The primary outcome was angiographic occlusion status at last follow-up, categorized as complete (100%), near-complete (90–99%), or incomplete (<90%) occlusion. Secondary outcomes included procedural complications and clinical outcomes measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Results A total of 118 patients (median age 57, 74.6% female) with median follow-up of 15.3 months were identified. Complete occlusion was achieved in 62.5% and near-complete occlusion in 25%. FDS deployment within the pre-existing stent was successful in 98.3% of cases. Major complications occurred in 3.4% of cases, including postoperative aneurysmal rupture with resultant mortality (1.6%) and thromboembolic events with long-term disability (1.6%). Favorable clinical outcomes (mRS 0–2) were observed in 95.1% of patients. Wider aneurysm neck diameter was a significant predictor of incomplete occlusion (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.23 per mm, P=0.044), with male sex trending towards association with non-occlusion (aOR 3.2, P=0.07), while baseline hypertension was associated with complete occlusion (aOR 0.32, P=0.048). Conclusions FDS treatment for recurrent/residual aneurysms after SAC represents a viable treatment option for these challenging cases with acceptable safety and reasonable occlusion rates, although lower than de novo FDS occlusion rates.