Citations 2
HLA-DQB1*05 subtypes and not DRB1*10:01 mediates risk in anti-IgLON5 disease
Yogeshwar, Selina , Muñiz‐Castrillo, Sergio , Sabater, Lídia , Peris-Sempere, Vicente, Mallajosyula, Vamsee , Guo, Luo, Yan, Han , Lin, Ling , Bueno, Flavia Fagundes, Ji, Xuhuai , Picard, Géraldine , Pinto, Anne Laurie, Heidbreder, Anna , Dalmau, Josep , Santamaría, Joan , Iranzo, Alex, Schreiner, Bettina , Giannoccaro, Maria Pia , Kimura, Akio , Ono, Yoya , Bonello, Michael , Nigro, Pasquale , Prüß, Harald , McKeon, Andrew, Irani, Sarosh R. , Gaig, Carles , Mignot, Emmanuel , Luo, Guo , Yogeshwar, Selina M , Höftberger, Romana , Iranzo, Alex , Dinoto, Alessandro , Irani, Sarosh R , Honnorat, Jérôme , Finke, Carsten , Mignot, Emmanuel , Muñiz-Castrillo, Sergio , Dalmau, Josep O , Heidbreder, Anna , Luo, Guo, Yu, Eric , Zhang, Jing , Rogemond, Véronique , Graus, Francesc , Liguori, Rocco , Shimohata, Takayoshi , Binks, Sophie , Mariotto, Sara , Dinoto, Alessandro , Hartmann, Christian Johannes , Tambasco, Nicola , McKeon, Andrew , Davis, Mark M. , Honnorat, Jérôme
Brain | March 1, 2024 | Volume: 147 | Issue: 7 | Pages: 2579-2592
Abstract Anti-IgLON5 disease is a rare and likely underdiagnosed subtype of autoimmune encephalitis. The disease displays a heterogeneous phenotype that includes sleep, movement and bulbar-associated dysfunction. The presence of IgLON5-antibodies in CSF/serum, together with a strong association with HLA-DRB1*10:01∼DQB1*05:01, supports an autoimmune basis. In this study, a multicentric human leukocyte antigen (HLA) study of 87 anti-IgLON5 patients revealed a stronger association with HLA-DQ than HLA-DR. Specifically, we identified a predisposing rank-wise association with HLA-DQA1*01:05∼DQB1*05:01, HLA-DQA1*01:01∼DQB1*05:01 and HLA-DQA1*01:04∼DQB1*05:03 in 85% of patients. HLA sequences and binding cores for these three DQ heterodimers were similar, unlike those of linked DRB1 alleles, supporting a causal link to HLA-DQ. This association was further reflected in an increasingly later age of onset across each genotype group, with a delay of up to 11 years, while HLA-DQ-dosage dependent effects were also suggested by reduced risk in the presence of non-predisposing DQ1 alleles. The functional relevance of the observed HLA-DQ molecules was studied with competition binding assays. These proof-of-concept experiments revealed preferential binding of IgLON5 in a post-translationally modified, but not native, state to all three risk-associated HLA-DQ receptors. Further, a deamidated peptide from the Ig2-domain of IgLON5 activated T cells in two patients, compared with one control carrying HLA-DQA1*01:05∼DQB1*05:01. Taken together, these data support a HLA-DQ-mediated T-cell response to IgLON5 as a potentially key step in the initiation of autoimmunity in this disease.
Multiancestry analysis of the HLA locus in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases uncovers a shared adaptive immune response mediated by HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes
Guen, Yann Le , Luo, Guo , Damotte, Vincent , Jansen, Iris E. , Nicolas, Aude , Rojas, Itziar de, Bellenguez, Céline , Lian, Michelle Mulan , Parveen, Kayenat, Morizono, Takashi, Park, Hyeonseul, Grenier‐Boley, Benjamin , Naito, Tatsuhiko , Talyansky, Seth D., Yogeshwar, Selina , Sempere, Vicente Peris, Satake, Wataru , Álvarez, Victoria , Arosio, Beatrice , Boland, Anne , Daniele, Antonio , Darling, D.H., Dichgans, Martin , Dufouil, Carole , Düzel, Emrah , García‐Ribas, Guillermo, García‐Alberca, José María , García-González, Pablo, Giedraitis, Vilmantas , Graff, Caroline , Grünblatt, Edna , Hausner, Lucrezia , Jung, Yoo Jin , Deckert, Jürgen, Kern, Silke , Kuulasmaa, Teemu , Lee, Kun Ho , Lin, Ling , Masullo, Carlo , Mehrabian, Shima , Mendonça, Alexandre de , Boada, Merçé , Mir, Pablo , Moreno, Fermín , Nicolas, Gaël , Niida, Shumpei , Nordestgaard, Børge G. , Papenberg, Goran, Papma, Janne M., Pástor, Pau , Peters, Oliver , Popp, Julius , Molina‐Porcel, Laura , Puerta, Raquel , 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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | August 29, 2023 | Volume: 120 | Issue: 36 | Pages: No page available
Across multiancestry groups, we analyzed Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) associations in over 176,000 individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) versus controls. We demonstrate that the two diseases share the same protective association at the HLA locus. HLA-specific fine-mapping showed that hierarchical protective effects of HLA-DRB1 *04 subtypes best accounted for the association, strongest with HLA-DRB1 *04:04 and HLA-DRB1 *04:07, and intermediary with HLA-DRB1 *04:01 and HLA-DRB1 *04:03. The same signal was associated with decreased neurofibrillary tangles in postmortem brains and was associated with reduced tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid and to a lower extent with increased Aβ42. Protective HLA-DRB1 *04 subtypes strongly bound the aggregation-prone tau PHF6 sequence, however only when acetylated at a lysine (K311), a common posttranslational modification central to tau aggregation. An HLA-DRB1 *04-mediated adaptive immune response decreases PD and AD risks, potentially by acting against tau, offering the possibility of therapeutic avenues.