Citations 13
Vascular dysfunction—The disregarded partner of Alzheimer's disease
Sweeney, Melanie D. , Montagne, Axel , Nation, Daniel A. , Schneider, Lon S. , Chui, Helena C., Harrington, Michael G. , Pa, Judy , Law, Meng , Wang, Danny J.J. , Jacobs, Russell E. , Doubal, Fergus , Ramirez, Joel , Dichgans, Martin , Love, Seth , Bath, Philip M. , Markus, Hugh S. , Salman, Rustam Al‐Shahi , Kalaria, Rajesh N., Werring, David J. , Moskowitz, Michael A., Katušić, Zvonimir S. , Lazarov, Orly , Rehman, Jalees , Wellington, Cheryl L. , González, Héctor M. , Yuan, Chun , Lockhart, Samuel N. , Hughes, Timothy M. , Chen, Christopher , Sachdev, Perminder S. , O’Brien, John T. , Pantoni, Leonardo , Gustafson, Deborah , Biessels, Geert Jan , Wallin, Anders , Wong, Adrian , Passmore, Peter , Barkof, Frederick, Muller, Majon , Román, Gustavo C. , Hamel, Édith , Seshadri, Sudha , Buchem, Mark A. van , Arvanitakis, Zoe , Drewes, Lester R. , Hachinski, Vladimir , Wardlaw, Joanna M. , Kalaria, Raj N. , Dichgans, Martin , O'Brien, John Tiernan , Wardlaw, Joanna Marguerite , Seshadri, Sudha , Sachdev, Perminder S , Sagare, Abhay P. , Chui, Helena C. , Black, Sandra E. , Nedergaard, Maiken , Benveniste, Helene , Iadecola, Costantino , Allan, Stuart McRae , Quinn, Terence J , Carare, Roxana Octavia , Touyz, Rhian M. , Williams, Steven , Lutz, Sarah E. , Minshall, Richard D. , Davis, Thomas P. , Gonzalez, Hector M , Skoog, Ingmar , Biessels, Geert Jan , Smith, Eric Edward , Mok, Vincent , Breteler, Monique M.B. , Gottesman, Rebecca F. , Schneider, Julie A. , Finch, Caleb E. , Toga, Arthur W. , Zloković, Berislav V. , Al-Shahi Salman, Rustam , Werring, David John , Wang, Danny J J
Alzheimer's & Dementia | January 11, 2019 | Volume: 15 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 158-167
Abstract Increasing evidence recognizes Alzheimer's disease (AD) as a multifactorial and heterogeneous disease with multiple contributors to its pathophysiology, including vascular dysfunction. The recently updated AD Research Framework put forth by the National Institute on Aging–Alzheimer's Association describes a biomarker‐based pathologic definition of AD focused on amyloid, tau, and neuronal injury. In response to this article, here we first discussed evidence that vascular dysfunction is an important early event in AD pathophysiology. Next, we examined various imaging sequences that could be easily implemented to evaluate different types of vascular dysfunction associated with, and/or contributing to, AD pathophysiology, including changes in blood‐brain barrier integrity and cerebral blood flow. Vascular imaging biomarkers of small vessel disease of the brain, which is responsible for >50% of dementia worldwide, including AD, are already established, well characterized, and easy to recognize. We suggest that these vascular biomarkers should be incorporated into the AD Research Framework to gain a better understanding of AD pathophysiology and aid in treatment efforts.
The EADC‐ADNI Harmonized Protocol for manual hippocampal segmentation on magnetic resonance: Evidence of validity
Frisoni, Giovanni B. , Jack, Clifford R. , Bocchetta, Martina , Frederiksen, Kristian Steen , Liu, Yawu , Preboske, Gregory M., Swihart, Tim, Blair, Melanie , Cavedo, Enrica , Grothe, Michel J. , Lanfredi, Mariangela , Martinez, Oliver, Nishikawa, Masami, Portegies, Marileen, Stoub, Travis , Ward, Chadwich, Apostolova, Liana G. , Ganzola, Rossana , Barkhof, Frederik , Bartzokis, George, DeCarli, Charles , Csernansky, John G., deToledo‐Morrell, Leyla, Geerlings, Mirjam I. , Lehéricy, Stéphane , O’Brien, John T. , Silbert, Lisa C. , Scheltens, Philip , Waldemar, Gunhild, Fellgiebel, Andreas , Barnes, Josephine , Gerritsen, Lotte , Henneman, Wouter J.P., Malykhin, Nikolai , Pruessner, Jens C. , Watson, Craig, Leon, Mony J. de , Pantel, Johannes, Ferrari, Clarissa , Bosco, Paolo , Pasqualetti, Patrizio , Duchesne, Simon , Duvernoy, Henri M., Boccardi, Marina , Initiative, EADC‐ADNI Working Group on The Harmonized Protocol for Manual Hippocampal Volumetry and for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging, Albert, Marilyn S. , Bennet, David, Camicioli, Richard , Collins, D. Louis , Dubois, Bruno , Hampel, Harald , denHeijer, Tom, Hock, Christofer, Jagust, William J. , Launer, Leonore J., Maller, Jerome J. , Mueller, S. G., Sachdev, Perminder S. , Simmons, Andy, Visser, Peter‐Jelle, Wahlund, Lars‐Olof , Weiner, Michael W. , Winblad, Bengt , Boccardi, Marina , Frisoni, Giovanni B. , DeCarli, Charles , Preboske, Gregory, Bauer, Corinna M. , Wolf, Dominik Georg Friedrich , Kaye, Jeffrey , Killiany, Ronald , Matsuda, Hiroshi , O'Brien, John Tiernan , Soininen, Hilkka S. , Teipel, Stefan Johannes , Waldemar, Gunhild , Firbank, Michael John , Wang, Lei , Wolf, Henrike , Initiative, EADC‐ADNI Working Group on The Harmonized Protocol for Manual Hippocampal Volumetry and for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging, Thompson, Paul M. , Jack, Clifford R , Sachdev, Perminder S , Barkhof, Frederik , Scheltens, Philip , Wahlund, Lars-Olof , Grothe, Michel J , Bocchetta, Martina , Stoub, Travis
Alzheimer's & Dementia | September 27, 2014 | Volume: 11 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 111-125
Abstract Background An international Delphi panel has defined a harmonized protocol (HarP) for the manual segmentation of the hippocampus on MR. The aim of this study is to study the concurrent validity of the HarP toward local protocols, and its major sources of variance. Methods Fourteen tracers segmented 10 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cases scanned at 1.5 T and 3T following local protocols, qualified for segmentation based on the HarP through a standard web‐platform and resegmented following the HarP. The five most accurate tracers followed the HarP to segment 15 ADNI cases acquired at three time points on both 1.5 T and 3T. Results The agreement among tracers was relatively low with the local protocols (absolute left/right ICC 0.44/0.43) and much higher with the HarP (absolute left/right ICC 0.88/0.89). On the larger set of 15 cases, the HarP agreement within (left/right ICC range: 0.94/0.95 to 0.99/0.99) and among tracers (left/right ICC range: 0.89/0.90) was very high. The volume variance due to different tracers was 0.9% of the total, comparing favorably to variance due to scanner manufacturer (1.2), atrophy rates (3.5), hemispheric asymmetry (3.7), field strength (4.4), and significantly smaller than the variance due to atrophy (33.5%, P < .001), and physiological variability (49.2%, P < .001). Conclusions The HarP has high measurement stability compared with local segmentation protocols, and good reproducibility within and among human tracers. Hippocampi segmented with the HarP can be used as a reference for the qualification of human tracers and automated segmentation algorithms.
Mild Cognitive Impairment Should Be Considered for DSM-V
Petersen, Ronald C. , O’Brien, John T. , O'Brien, John Tiernan
Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology | August 1, 2006 | Volume: 19 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 147-154
Mild cognitive impairment is a topic of great activity from both clinical and research perspectives. It represents a transitional state between the cognitive changes of aging and the earliest clinical manifestations of dementia. We present a case for its inclusion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed; DSM-V) based on clinical, outcome, epidemiological, neuroimaging, and pathophysiological data. The strongest case for inclusion can be made for the amnestic subtype, which is likely a clinical precursor of Alzheimer’s disease. Arguments are presented as to why mild cognitive impairment can be considered as an entity distinct from normal aging and from clinically probable Alzheimer’s disease and why it deserves consideration as a separate construct. In many respects, mild cognitive impairment fulfills criteria for inclusion more adequately than many other conditions currently codified in DSM-IV. Future research directions to help clarify some of the remaining uncertainties are proposed.