Citations 4
Association of Genomic Domains in BRCA1 and BRCA2 with Prostate Cancer Risk and Aggressiveness
Patel, Vivek , Busch, Evan L. , Cronin, Angel M., Leslie, Goska , McGuffog, Lesley, Adlard, Julian , Agata, Simona , Agnarsson, Bjarni A. , Ahmed, Munaza, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Alducci, Elisa, Andrulis, Irene L. , Arason, Aðalgeir , Artioli, Grazia, Arver, Brita, Auber, Bernd , Azzollini, Jacopo , Barkardóttir, Rósa B. , Barroso, Alicia, Barrowdale, Daniel , Belotti, Muriel, Bertelsen, Birgitte , Blok, Marinus J. , Bodrogi, I., Bonadona, Valérie, Bondavalli, Davide , Boonen, Susanne E. , Borde, Julika , Borg, Åke , Bradbury, Angela R. , Brady, Angela, Brewer, Carole, Brunet, Joan , Buecher, Bruno , Caldés, Trinidad , Caliebe, Almuth , Calvello, Mariarosaria , Carrasco, Estela , Chan, Tsun Leung , Claes, Kathleen , Collaborators, GEMO Study, Collaborators, EMBRACE, Cortesi, Laura , Daly, Mary B., Damante, Giuseppe , Darder, Esther , Davidson, Rosemarie, Puppa, Lara Della , Ding, Yuan Chun , Ditsch, Nina , Donaldson, Alan, Dworniczak, Bernd , Easton, Douglas F. , Eccles, Diana M., Eeles, Rosalind A. , Ehrencrona, Hans , Ejlertsen, Bent , Engel, Christoph , Evans, D. Gareth , Faivre, Laurence, Faust, Ulrike , Feliubadaló, Lídia , Foretová, Lenka , Fountzilas, George , Frost, Debra, García‐Barberán, Vanesa , Gauthier‐Villars, Marion , Géczi, Lajos , Gehrig, Andrea, Gesta, Paul , Giannini, Giuseppe , Glendon, Gord , Goldgar, David E. , Greene, Mark H. , Gutierrez‐Barrera, Angelica M. , Hahnen, Eric , Hamann, Ute, Hauke, Jan , Herold, Natalie, Hogervorst, Frans B.L., Honisch, Ellen, Hulick, Peter J. , Investigators, kConFab, Investigators, Hebon, Izatt, Louise , Jager, Agnes , James, Paul A. , Janavičius, Ramūnas , Jensen, Uffe Birk , Jensen, Thomas D., Johannsson, Oskar T., John, Esther M. , Kang, Eunyoung , Kast, Karin, Kiiski, Johanna I. , Kim, Sung-Won, Ko, Kwang‐Pil , Konstantopoulou, Irene , Kramer, Gero , Krogh, Lotte, Kruse, Torben A., Kwong, Ava , Larsen, Mirjam, Lasset, Christine , Lautrup, Charlotte Kvist , Lee, Jihyoun , Lee, Jong Won, Lee, Min Hyuk , Lesueur, Fabienne , Liljegren, Annelie , Lindblom, Annika , Llovet, Patricia , López‐Fernández, Adrià , López‐Perolio, Irene, Lorca, Víctor , Loud, Jennifer T. , S.K., Edmond , Mai, Phuong L., Manoukian, Siranoush , Mari, Véronique , Martin, Lynn , Matricardi, Laura , Mebirouk, Noura, Medici, Veronica, Meijers‐Heijboer, Hanne , Meindl, Alfons , Mensenkamp, Arjen R. , Miller, Clare , Gomes, D. Molina , Montagna, Marco , Mooij, Thea M. , Mouret‐Fourme, Emmanuelle, Nathanson, Katherine L. , Navrátilová, Marie , Niederacher, Dieter , Nielsen, Finn C., Ņikitina-Zaķe, Liene , Offit, Kenneth, Oláh, Edith , Olopade, Olufunmilayo I. , Ong, Kai-Ren, Osório, Ana , Ott, Claus‐Eric , Park, Sue K. , Pedersen, Inge Søkilde , Peissel, Bernard , Peixoto, Ana , Peterlongo, Paolo , Petersen, Annabeth Høgh , Porteous, Mary, Pujana, Miguel Ángel , Ramser, Juliane, Rantala, Johanna, Rashid, Muhammad Usman , Rhiem, Kerstin, Rizzolo, Piera , Rookus, Matti A. , Rossing, Caroline Maria, Ruddy, Kathryn J. , Santos, Catarina , Saule, Claire , Scarpitta, Rosa , Schmutzler, Rita K., Schuster, Hélène, Senter, Leigha , Seynaeve, Caroline, Shah, Payal D. , Silvestri, Valentina , Simard, Jacques , Skytte, Anne‐Bine , Snape, Katie , Solano, Ángela R. , Soucy, Penny, Sunde, Lone , Sutter, Christian , Tan, Yen Y. , Teixeira, Manuel R. , Teo, Soo‐Hwang , Thomassen, Mads , Tibiletti, Maria Grazia , Toland, Amanda Ewart, Torres, Diana , Trainer, Alison H., Baan, Frederieke H. van der , Kolk, Lizet E. van der, Hest, Liselotte P. van , Varesco, Liliana , Varon-Mateeva, Raymonda, Viel, Alessandra , Vierstraete, Jeroen , Villa, Roberta, Wachenfeldt, Anna von , Wagner, Philipp , Wang‐Gohrke, Shan , Wappenschmidt, Barbara , Weitzel, Jeffrey N. , Wieme, Greet , Yadav, Siddhartha , Yoon, Sook‐Yee , Zanzottera, Cristina , Zorn, Kristin K. , D’Amico, Anthony V. , Freedman, Matthew L. , Pomerantz, Mark M., Chenevix‐Trench, Georgia , Antoniou, Antonis C. , Ottini, Laura , Nielsen, Henriette Roed, Durocher, Francine , Eccles, Diana , Caputo, Sandrine M. , Faivre, Laurence , Leslie, Goska , Adlard, Julian , Arnold, Norbert , Auber, Bernd , Azzollini, Jacopo , Barnes, Daniel R , Brunet, Joan , Caligo, Maria A , Campbell, Ian G , Claes, Kathleen B M , Darder, Esther , Dennis, Joe , Dworniczak, Bernd , Eeles, Rosalind A , Ehrencrona, Hans , Ejlertsen, Bent , Evans, D Gareth , Garre, Pilar , Greene, Mark H , Hulick, Peter J , Jager, Agnes , James, Paul , John, Esther M , Joseph, Vijai , Kim, Sung-Won , Konstantopoulou, Irene , Lesueur, Fabienne , Matricardi, Laura , Gomes, Denise Molina , Nevanlinna, H , Olopade, Olufunmilayo I , Palli, Domenico , Park, Sue K , Parsons, Michael T , Peterlongo, Paolo , Petersen, Annabeth Høgh , Pujana, Miquel Angel , Ruddy, Kathryn J , Scarpitta, Rosa , Shah, Payal D , Silvestri, Valentina , Southey, Melissa C , Spurdle, Amanda B , Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique , Sunde, Lone , Teixeira, Manuel R , Teo, Soo H , Tommasi, Stefania , Toss, Angela , van der Luijt, Rob B , Vierstraete, Jeroen , Wieme, Greet , Yadav, Siddhartha , Antoniou, Antonis C , Eccles, Diana , Weitzel, Jeffrey N , Torres, Diana , Nathanson, Katherine L , Arason, Adalgeir , Barrowdale, Daniel , Boonen, Susanne E , Cortesi, Laura , Engel, Christoph , Hahnen, Eric , Montagna, Marco , Viel, Alessandra , Simard, Jacques , Chenevix-Trench, Georgia , Ottini, Laura , Senter, Leigha , Faivre, Laurence , Rashid, Muhammad U , Calvello, Mariarosaria , Feliubadaló, Lidia , Hauke, Jan , Manoukian, Siranoush , Pomerantz, Mark M , Kwong, Ava , Lindblom, Annika , Friebel, Tara M. , Arnold, Norbert , Balmañà, Judith , Barnes, Daniel R. , Benı́tez, Javier , Bonadona, Valérie , Bonanni, Bernardo , Borg, Åke , Buys, Saundra S. , Cabezas-Camarero, Santiago , Caligo, Maria A. , Campbell, Ian , Carnevali, Ileana Wanda , Chu, Annie Tsz-Wai , Chung, Wendy K. , Cook, Jackie A , Couch, Fergus J. , Hoya, Miguel de la , Dı́ez, Orland , Domchek, Susan M. , Fostira, Florentia , Gerdes, Anne‐Marie , Godwin, Andrew K. , Herold, Natalie, Hopper, John L. , Jensen, Thomas Dyrso, Vijai, Joseph , Lasset, Christine , Lázaro, Conxi , Lemke, Johannes R. , Mai, Phuong L., Meindl, Alfons , Miller, Clare, Moserle, Lidia , Mulligan, Anna Marie , Nevanlinna, Heli , Palli, Domenico , Parsons, Michael T. , Perez-Segura, Pedro , Radice, Paolo , Rhiem, Kerstin , Robson, Mark E. , Sharma, Priyanka , Shin, Vivian Yvonne , Singer, Christian F. , Southey, Melissa C. , Spurdle, Amanda B. , Steele, Linda, Steinemann, Doris , Stoppa‐Lyonnet, Dominique , Stradella, Agostina , Tischkowitz, Marc D. , Tognazzo, Silvia , Toland, Amanda Ewart , Tung, Nadine , Asperen, Christi J. van , Luijt, Rob B. van der , Yannoukakos, Drakoulis , Neuhausen, Susan L. , Rebbeck, Timothy R.
Cancer Research | November 13, 2019 | Volume: 80 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 624-638
Abstract Pathogenic sequence variants (PSV) in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) are associated with increased risk and severity of prostate cancer. We evaluated whether PSVs in BRCA1/2 were associated with risk of overall prostate cancer or high grade (Gleason 8+) prostate cancer using an international sample of 65 BRCA1 and 171 BRCA2 male PSV carriers with prostate cancer, and 3,388 BRCA1 and 2,880 BRCA2 male PSV carriers without prostate cancer. PSVs in the 3′ region of BRCA2 (c.7914+) were significantly associated with elevated risk of prostate cancer compared with reference bin c.1001-c.7913 [HR = 1.78; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25–2.52; P = 0.001], as well as elevated risk of Gleason 8+ prostate cancer (HR = 3.11; 95% CI, 1.63–5.95; P = 0.001). c.756-c.1000 was also associated with elevated prostate cancer risk (HR = 2.83; 95% CI, 1.71–4.68; P = 0.00004) and elevated risk of Gleason 8+ prostate cancer (HR = 4.95; 95% CI, 2.12–11.54; P = 0.0002). No genotype–phenotype associations were detected for PSVs in BRCA1. These results demonstrate that specific BRCA2 PSVs may be associated with elevated risk of developing aggressive prostate cancer. Significance: Aggressive prostate cancer risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers may vary according to the specific BRCA2 mutation inherited by the at-risk individual.
Mutational spectrum in a worldwide study of 29,700 families with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations
Friebel, Tara M. , Friedman, Eitan , Hamann, Ute, Huo, Dezheng , Kwong, Ava , Oláh, Edith , Olopade, Olufunmilayo I., Solano, Ángela R. , Teo, Soo‐Hwang , Thomassen, Mads , Weitzel, Jeffrey N. , Chan, TL, Couch, Fergus J., Goldgar, David E., Kruse, Torben A., Palmero, Edenir Inêz , Park, Sue K. , Torres, Diana , Rensburg, Elizabeth J. van , McGuffog, Lesley, Aalfs, Cora M. , Abugattas, Julio E. , Aittomäki, Kristiina, Andrews, Lesley , Andrulis, Irene L., Arason, Aðalgeir , Arun, Banu, Asseryanis, Ella, Auerbach, Leo, Azzollini, Jacopo , Balmañà, Judith , Barile, Monica, Barkardóttir, Rósa B. , Barrowdale, Daniel , Benı́tez, Javier , Berger, Andreas, Berger, Raanan , Blanco, Amie , Blazer, Kathleen R. , Blok, Marinus J. , Bonadona, Valérie , Bradbury, Angela R. , Brewer, Carole, Buecher, Bruno , Caldés, Trinidad, Caliebe, Almuth , Caligo, Maria A. , Caputo, Sandrine M. , Chiquette, Jocelyne , Claes, Kathleen , Collée, J. Margriet, Davidson, Rosemarie, Hoya, Miguel de la , Leeneer, Kim De , Pauw, Antoine De , Delnatte, Capucine, Ding, Yuan Chun , Ditsch, Nina , Dorfling, Cecilia M., Dworniczak, Bernd , Eason, Jacqueline , Easton, Douglas F. , Eeles, Rosalind A. , Ehrencrona, Hans , Ejlertsen, Bent , EMBRACE, Engel, Christoph , Engert, Stefanie, Evans, D. Gareth , Faivre, Laurence, Feliubadaló, Lídia , Ferrer, Sandra Fert, Foretová, Lenka , Fowler, Jeffrey M., Frost, Debra, Galvão, Henrique C.R. , Ganz, Patricia A. , Gauthier‐Villars, Marion , Gehrig, Andrea, Collaborators, GEMO Study, Gerdes, Anne‐Marie , Gesta, Paul , Giannini, Giuseppe , Giraud, Sophie , Glendon, Gord , Godwin, Andrew K., Greene, Mark H. , Gutierrez‐Barrera, Angelica M. , Hahnen, Eric , Hauke, Jan , HEBON, Henderson, Alex, Hogervorst, Frans B. L., Honisch, Ellen, Imyanitov, Evgeny N., Izatt, Louise , Izquierdo, Á. , Jakubowska, Anna , James, Paul A. , Janavičius, Ramūnas , Jensen, Uffe Birk , Vijai, Joseph , Kaczmarek, Katarzyna, Karlan, Beth Y., Kast, Karin, Investigators, kConFab, Kim, Sung-Won, Konstantopoulou, Irene , Korach, Jacob, Laitman, Yael , Lasset, Christine, Lázaro, Conxi , Lee, Annette, Lee, Min Hyuk , Lester, Jenny, Lesueur, Fabienne , Liljegren, Annelie, Lindor, Noralane M. , Longy, Michel, Loud, Jennifer T. , Lu, Karen H. , Lubiński, Jan , Macháčková, Eva , Manoukian, Siranoush , Mari, Véronique , Martínez-Bouzas, Cristina, Mátrai, Zoltán , Mebirouk, Noura, Meijers‐Heijboer, Hanne , Meindl, Alfons , Mensenkamp, Arjen R. , Mickys, Ugnius, Montagna, Marco , Moysich, Kirsten B., Mulligan, Anna Marie , Musinsky, Jacob, Ngeow, Joanne , Niederacher, Dieter , Nielsen, Henriette Roed, Nielsen, Finn C., Offit, Kenneth, Öfverholm, Anna , Ong, Kai‐Ren , Osório, Ana , Papp, J., Pasini, Barbara , Pedersen, Inge Søkilde , Peixoto, Ana , Peruga, Nina, Peterlongo, Paolo , Pohl, Esther, Pradhan, Nisha , Prajzendanc, Karolina , Prieur, Fabienne, Radice, Paolo , Ramus, Susan J. , Rantala, Johanna, Rashid, Muhammad Usman , Rhiem, Kerstin, Rodriguez, Gustavo C. , Rogers, Mark T., Rudaitis, Vilius , Schmidt, Ane Yde , Schmutzler, Rita K., Senter, Leigha , Shah, Payal D. , Side, Lucy, Simard, Jacques , Skytte, Anne‐Bine , Slavin, Thomas P. , Snape, Katie , Sobol, Hagay, Southey, Melissa C. , Sukiennicki, Grzegorz, Sutter, Christian , Tan, Yen Y. , Teixeira, Manuel R. , Terry, Mary Beth , Teulé, Àlex , Thomas, Abigail, Thull, Darcy L. , Tognazzo, Silvia , Toland, Amanda Ewart, Topka, Sabine , Trainer, Alison H. , Hout, Annemieke H. van der, Kolk, Lizet E. van der, Luijt, Rob B. van der , Heetvelde, Mattias Van , Varesco, Liliana, Varon‐Mateeva, Raymonda, Vega, Ana , Villarreal‐Garza, Cynthia , Wachenfeldt, Anna von , Walker, Lisa, Wang‐Gohrke, Shan , Wappenschmidt, Barbara, Yoon, Sook-Yee, Zanzottera, Cristina, Zidan, Jamal, Zorn, Kristin K. , Selkirk, Christina G. , Hulick, Peter J. , Chenevix‐Trench, Georgia , Antoniou, Antonis C. , Nathanson, Katherine L. , Durocher, Francine , Olopade, Olufunmilayo I. , Faivre, Laurence , Białkowska, Katarzyna , Caligo, Maria A , Hulick, Peter J , James, Paul , Lesueur, Fabienne , Peterlongo, Paolo , Ramus, Susan J , Teixeira, Manuel R , Teo, Soo H , van Rensburg, Elizabeth J , Moysich, Kirsten , Vega, Ana , de la Hoya, Miguel , Radice, Paolo , Weitzel, Jeffrey N , Claes, Kathleen B M , Azzollini, Jacopo , Eeles, Rosalind A , Ehrencrona, Hans , Evans, D Gareth , Joseph, Vijai , Konstantopoulou, Irene , Olopade, Olufunmilayo I , Southey, Melissa C , van der Luijt, Rob B , Jakubowska, Anna , Palmero, Edenir I , Torres, Diana , Nathanson, Katherine L , Arason, Adalgeir , Barrowdale, Daniel , Benitez, Javier , Engel, Christoph , Izquierdo, Angel , Lazaro, Conxi , Montagna, Marco , Simard, Jacques , Chenevix-Trench, Georgia , Senter, Leigha , Topka, Sabine , Rebbeck, Timothy R. , Couch, Fergus J. , Parsons, Michael T. , Leslie, Goska , Adlard, Julian , Agata, Simona , Arnold, Norbert , Bonanni, Bernardo , Buys, Saundra S. , Campbell, Ian , Chung, Wendy K. , Cook, Jackie A , Dı́ez, Orland , Domchek, Susan M. , Velázquez, Carolina , EMBRACE, Garber, Judy E. , Collaborators, GEMO Study, Gronwald, Jacek , HEBON, Hentschel, Julia , Hogervorst, Frans B.L., Isaacs, Claudine , John, Esther M. , Karlan, Beth Y. , Lasa, Adriana , Lasset, Christine , Liljegren, Annelie , Meindl, Alfons , Miller, Austin , Moysich, Kirsten B. , Neuhausen, Susan L. , Nevanlinna, Heli , Nguyen, Huu Phuc , Nussbaum, Robert L. , Papi, Laura , Pujol, Pascal , Rhiem, Kerstin , Robson, Mark E. , Sharma, Priyanka , Singer, Christian F. , Sobol, Hagay , Steele, Linda Roslyn , Steinemann, Doris , Szabo, Csilla I. , Tischkowitz, Marc D. , Toland, Amanda Ewart , Tung, Nadine , Asperen, Christi J. van , Varesco, Liliana , Varon-Mateeva, Raymonda, Wappenschmidt, Barbara , Weber, Bernhard H. F. , Yannoukakos, Drakoulis , Spurdle, Amanda B. , Faivre, Laurence , Rashid, Muhammad U , De Leeneer, Kim , Feliubadaló, Lidia , Hauke, Jan , Pasini, Barbara , Ngeow, Joanne , Manoukian, Siranoush , Lubinski, Jan , Terry, Mary Beth , Villarreal-Garza, Cynthia , Balmaña, Judith , Kwong, Ava
Human Mutation | February 15, 2018 | Volume: 39 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 593-620
The BRCA1 c. 5096G>A p.Arg1699Gln (R1699Q) intermediate risk variant: breast and ovarian cancer risk estimation and recommendations for clinical management from the ENIGMA consortium
Moghadasi, Setareh , Vreeswijk, Maaike P.G. , Janssen, Linda AM, Borg, Åke , Ehrencrona, Hans , Paulsson-Karlsson, Ylva, Wappenschmidt, Barbara , Engel, Christoph , Gehrig, Andrea, Hansen, Thomas van Overeem , Thomassen, Mads , Jensen, Uffe Birk , Kruse, Torben A., Ejlertsen, Bent , Gerdes, Anne‐Marie , Pedersen, Inge Søkilde , Caputo, Sandrine M. , Couch, Fergus J., Hallberg, Emily J., Ouweland, Ans MW van den, Collée, Margriet J., Teugels, Erik , Adank, Muriel A. , Luijt, Rob B. van der , Mensenkamp, Arjen R. , Oosterwijk, Jan C., Blok, Marinus J. , Janin, Nicolas, Claes, Kathleen , Tucker, Kathy , Viassolo, Valeria , Eccles, Diana , Devilee, Peter , Asperen, Christi J. van , Goldgar, David E., Gómez, E. , Meeks, Huong , Janssen, Linda A.M., Arnold, Norbert , Collée, Margriet , Toland, Amanda Ewart , Spurdle, Amanda B. , Eccles, Diana , Vreeswijk, Maaike P G , Claes, Kathleen B M , Ehrencrona, Hans , van der Luijt, Rob B , Engel, Christoph , van Asperen, Christi J , Gómez-García, Encarna B , Hansen, Thomas van Overeem , Devilee, Peter
Journal of Medical Genetics | May 11, 2017 | Volume: 55 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 15-20
Background We previously showed that the BRCA1 variant c.5096G>A p.Arg1699Gln (R1699Q) was associated with an intermediate risk of breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC). This study aimed to assess these cancer risks for R1699Q carriers in a larger cohort, including follow-up of previously studied families, to further define cancer risks and to propose adjusted clinical management of female BRCA1*R1699Q carriers. Methods Data were collected from 129 BRCA1*R1699Q families ascertained internationally by ENIGMA (Evidence-based Network for the Interpretation of Germline Mutant Alleles) consortium members. A modified segregation analysis was used to calculate BC and OC risks. Relative risks were calculated under both monogenic model and major gene plus polygenic model assumptions. Results In this cohort the cumulative risk of BC and OC by age 70 years was 20% and 6%, respectively. The relative risk for developing cancer was higher when using a model that included the effects of both the R1699Q variant and a residual polygenic component compared with monogenic model (for BC 3.67 vs 2.83, and for OC 6.41 vs 5.83). Conclusion Our results confirm that BRCA1*R1699Q confers an intermediate risk for BC and OC. Breast surveillance for female carriers based on mammogram annually from age 40 is advised. Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy should be considered based on family history.
Comparison of mRNA Splicing Assay Protocols across Multiple Laboratories: Recommendations for Best Practice in Standardized Clinical Testing
Whiley, Phillip J , Hoya, Miguel de la , Thomassen, Mads , Becker, Alexandra, Pedersen, Inge Søkilde , Montagna, Marco , Menéndez, Mireia , Quiles, Francisco, Gutiérrez‐Enríquez, Sara , Leeneer, Kim De , Tenés, Anna, Montalban, Gemma , Tserpelis, Demis, Yoshimatsu, Toshio F. , Tirapo, Carole, Raponi, Michela , Caldés, Trinidad , Blanco, Ana , Guidugli, Lucia, Garibay, Gorka Ruíz de , Wong, Ming, Tancredi, Mariella, Fachal, Laura , Ding, Yuan Chun , Kruse, Torben A., Lattimore, Vanessa , Kwong, Ava , Chan, Tsun Leung , Colombo, Mara , Vecchi, Giovanni De, Caligo, Maria A. , Baralle, Diana , Lázaro, Conxi , Radice, Paolo , Southey, Melissa C. , Houdayer, Claude , Fackenthal, Jim, Hansen, Thomas van Overeem , Vega, Ana , Dı́ez, Orland , Blok, Rien, Claes, Kathleen , Wappenschmidt, Barbara , Walker, Logan C. , Spurdle, Amanda B. , Brown, Melissa A. , Brandão, Rita D. , Santamariña, Marta , Couch, Fergus J. , Neuhausen, Susan L. , Caligo, Maria A , Spurdle, Amanda B , Vega, Ana , de la Hoya, Miguel , Diez, Orland , Gutiérrez-Enríquez, Sara , Radice, Paolo , Claes, Kathleen B M , Southey, Melissa C , Lazaro, Conxi , Montagna, Marco , Ruiz de Garibay, Gorka , Montalban, Gemma , De Leeneer, Kim , Hansen, Thomas van Overeem , Kwong, Ava , Fachal, Laura
Clinical Chemistry | November 8, 2013 | Volume: 60 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 341-352
Abstract BACKGROUND Accurate evaluation of unclassified sequence variants in cancer predisposition genes is essential for clinical management and depends on a multifactorial analysis of clinical, genetic, pathologic, and bioinformatic variables and assays of transcript length and abundance. The integrity of assay data in turn relies on appropriate assay design, interpretation, and reporting. METHODS We conducted a multicenter investigation to compare mRNA splicing assay protocols used by members of the ENIGMA (Evidence-Based Network for the Interpretation of Germline Mutant Alleles) consortium. We compared similarities and differences in results derived from analysis of a panel of breast cancer 1, early onset (BRCA1) and breast cancer 2, early onset (BRCA2) gene variants known to alter splicing (BRCA1: c.135-1G>T, c.591C>T, c.594-2A>C, c.671-2A>G, and c.5467+5G>C and BRCA2: c.426-12_8delGTTTT, c.7988A>T, c.8632+1G>A, and c.9501+3A>T). Differences in protocols were then assessed to determine which elements were critical in reliable assay design. RESULTS PCR primer design strategies, PCR conditions, and product detection methods, combined with a prior knowledge of expected alternative transcripts, were the key factors for accurate splicing assay results. For example, because of the position of primers and PCR extension times, several isoforms associated with BRCA1, c.594-2A>C and c.671-2A>G, were not detected by many sites. Variation was most evident for the detection of low-abundance transcripts (e.g., BRCA2 c.8632+1G>A Δ19,20 and BRCA1 c.135-1G>T Δ5q and Δ3). Detection of low-abundance transcripts was sometimes addressed by using more analytically sensitive detection methods (e.g., BRCA2 c.426-12_8delGTTTT ins18bp). CONCLUSIONS We provide recommendations for best practice and raise key issues to consider when designing mRNA assays for evaluation of unclassified sequence variants.