Abbas, Alzhraa Salah

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a standardized hazardous medication surveillance program and identify occupational factors associated with adverse health outcomes among healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods: We analyzed data from 2,625 HCWs enrolled in a multi-site surveillance program (2020–2022). Participants completed a standardized questionnaire and underwent complete blood count testing. Exposure was categorized by weekly time handling hazardous medications. Associations were evaluated using univariate and multivariable analyses. Results: Higher exposure (>8 hours/week) was associated with increased symptom reporting, hazardous medication spills, and adverse reproductive outcomes. Female sex, older age, and spill exposure independently predicted symptom reporting and reproductive outcomes. No significant association was observed between exposure intensity and abnormal blood counts. Conclusion: Questionnaire-based surveillance effectively identified exposure-related health risks, whereas routine complete blood count testing showed limited utility.

Background The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device is an effective treatment for wide‐neck aneurysms (WNA). This study aims to identify and compare anatomical and procedural factors that predicts the aneurysm occlusion, both adequate and inadequate after WEB device treatment. Methods A systematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, including studies up to October 25, 2024. Data on angiographic outcomes of WEB occlusion were extracted and analyzed using R version 4.4.2 Results Nine studies (790 patients) were included. Female patients were 1.64 times more likely to achieve adequate occlusion than males (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: [1.06, 2.52], p = 0.026). Regular‐shaped aneurysms had a 2.44‐fold higher likelihood of adequate occlusion compared to irregular ones (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: [0.23, 0.74]). Aneurysm neck size was significantly smaller in the adequate occlusion group (3.9 mm vs. 4.4 mm, MD: ‐0.48 mm, 95% CI: [‐0.78, ‐0.18], p = 0.002). Maximum aneurysm diameter was also smaller in the adequate occlusion group (5.7 mm vs. 6.8 mm, MD: ‐1.13 mm, 95% CI: [‐1.69, ‐0.57], p < 0.001). Aneurysm height was also significantly lower than the inadequate occlusion group (5.4 mm vs. 6.3 mm, MD: ‐0.92 mm, 95% CI: [‐1.55, ‐0.29], p = 0.004). Conclusion Smaller aneurysm dimensions, regular shape, and female gender were associated with higher adequate occlusion rates after WEB treatment. These findings may guide patient selection strategies for optimizing aneurysm occlusion. Further high‐quality studies are needed to confirm these associations. image image

Background and Aims: With rapid changes in the management landscape of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), this technical systematic review addresses 4 critical Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome (PICO) questions to provide guidance to the formulation of recommendations to the 2025 AASLD practice guideline for management of CHB. Approach: The review was reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Outcomes were evaluated across 4 key PICOs: (1) antiviral therapy for prevention of horizontal HBV transmission in high-risk groups, (2) antiviral therapy versus observation for persons in the immune-tolerant phase, (3) discontinuation versus continuation of nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy in HBeAg-negative individuals with undetectable HBV DNA, and (4) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance in non-cirrhotic individuals with HBsAg clearance or co-infections with HCV, HDV, or HIV. Results: For PICO 1, limited evidence suggests antiviral therapy may reduce horizontal transmission risk, though with low certainty. PICO 2 analyses reveal uncertain benefits of treating persons in the immune-tolerant phase, with very low certainty due to heterogeneity and bias. PICO 3 analyses demonstrate that discontinuing antiviral therapy in persons who are HBeAg negative with undetectable HBV DNA increases HBsAg loss rates (OR: 12.65, 95% CI: 1.58–101.51) but carries moderate risks of virologic relapse (OR: 47.17, 95% CI: 2.79–797.35) and clinical flares. PICO 4 analyses on several cohort studies showed that in patients co-infected with HCV, HBV, or HIV, the annual incidence of HCC was higher than the level where screening becomes cost-effective, suggesting that regular liver cancer screening could be beneficial for these patients. Conclusions: Despite low certainty, the findings support shared decision-making in high-risk horizontal transmission scenarios or in treating individuals in the immune tolerance phase, caution in discontinuing antiviral therapy in virologically suppressed individuals without HBsAg loss, and tailored HCC surveillance for those with co-infection or cirrhosis.

Abstract Disclosure: A. Al Nofal: None. K. Benkhadra: None. M. Nduwimana: None. A. Mohammad: None. A. Abbas: None. Z. Wang: None. M. Murad: None. Background: Hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems for automated insulin delivery are increasingly used in diabetes management. However, their safety and efficacy in pregnant women with pre-existing type 1 diabetes remain uncertain. Aim: To assess the safety and effectiveness of HCL systems in pregnant women with pre-existing type 1 diabetes compared to current standard of care. Methods: A comprehensive search of several databases was conducted from inception to January 3rd, 2024. Pairs of independent reviewers screened abstracts. Abstracts included by at least one reviewer were reviewed in full text by a pair of independent reviewers. The DerSimonian and Laird random effects model with the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman method was used to pool effect sizes across the included studies. Results: Five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 274 pregnant women with type I diabetes met the inclusion criteria. Our meta-analysis showed no significant difference between HCL and standard of care regarding overall time in range (TIR), time above range (TAR), and time below range (TBR). However, overnight, women using HCL showed significantly higher TIR (mean difference: 10.18%, CI 7.42-12.94%) and lower TBR (mean difference: -0.67%, CI -0.91 to -0.43%) compared to those using standard care. Additionally, there were no significant differences between HCL and standard of care in term of LGA, SGA, neonatal hypoglycemia, and maternal severe hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. Conclusion: HCL systems for management of pre-existing type I diabetes during pregnancy are associated with similar outcomes without increased risk of complications when compared to standard of care. This is derived from limited number of RCTs with low risk of bias but significant imprecision, which warrant low confidence. Presentation: Sunday, July 13, 2025

Abstract Objective To share findings of a quality improvement initiative to capture employment status in the electronic medical record (EMR) to mitigate the potential impact of work loss on the health of patients by utilizing the results to identify eligible individuals for resources to assist return-to-work efforts. Materials and Methods Patients self-identified employment status through a structured new social determinants of health (SDOH) question within the EMR. An electronic outreach campaign was developed to provide information via the patient portal detailing services within healthcare and the community that could benefit the patients. Results Over the course of 12 months, 2059 patients were identified from the employment SDOH question. Resources to support stay at work and return to work efforts were provided to patients through an automated electronic portal campaign with 87% of patients reading the message and 7% engaging with a healthcare return to work case manager. Discussion Loss of employment has detrimental impacts on individual and population health. Most EMRs do not capture information on employment status. Adding this simple question identified individuals with potential gaps in SDOH, and in this case allowed specific resources to be shared with patients with an illness or injury that was acutely impacting work. Conclusion Medical center decision makers and EMR programmers should consider adding employment status as a social determinant of health.

Abstract Context Women with preexisting diabetes mellitus (PDM) are at increased risk of pregnancy-related complications. Objective To summarize the available supporting evidence for the Endocrine Society guidelines about management of PDM in pregnancy. Data Sources MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and other sources through February 2025. Study Selection Studies were selected by pairs of independent reviewers. Data Extraction Data were extracted by pairs of independent reviewers. Data Synthesis We included 17 studies. Meta-analysis showed no significant difference between hybrid closed-loop insulin pump (HCL) and standard of care regarding time in range (TIR), time above range (TAR), and time below range (TBR). HCL had better overnight TIR and TBR. For women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), intermittent use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was not associated with a significant change in the risk of large for gestational age (LGA) neonates (2 randomized controlled trials [RCTs], 102 patients). Adding metformin to insulin was associated with a lower risk of LGA (2 RCTs, 1126 patients). Three retrospective studies (1724 patients) suggested increased neonatal complications when delivery was induced before 39 weeks of gestation (particularly before 38 weeks) in women with preexisting type 1 (T1DM) and T2DM, although this evidence was subject to likely confounding. One retrospective study showed no increase in neonatal complications with periconceptional exposure to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. We could not identify comparative studies assessing a screening question about the possibility of pregnancy or a carbohydrate restrictive diet. Conclusion This systematic review addresses various aspects of managing PDM in pregnancy and will support the development of the Endocrine Society guidelines.

Abstract Introduction Case reports and series are critical to guide initial decision-making in a pandemic, but may have lower rigor because of the need to publish them quickly. This meta-epidemiologic study compares the methodological quality of case series that described the acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020 versus those that described long-haul cases. Methods We conducted a systematic review in multiple databases for long-haul case series and reports. We identified early cases of acute COVID-19 synthesized in published systematic reviews. We evaluated the methodological quality by pairs of independent reviewers using a tool dedicated for appraising case series. Results We included 239 original case series (81 published in the first year of the pandemic and 158 published later describing long-haul COVID). The methodological quality of both groups of case series was very good (80–100% of series satisfying quality items) except for two items, the selection approach of cases included in the series and ruling out other causes that can explain the main finding described in the series. The appraisal tool demonstrated high agreement and reliability between reviewers. Conclusion The methodological quality of modern case series is high, except for two quality items that represent an area for potential for improvement for authors of case series describing future pandemics.

Background Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT) has traditionally been treated medically with systemic anticoagulation. Recent advances in endovascular therapy (EVT) may represent an alternative treatment to medical therapy for CSVT. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the use of EVT for CSVT. Methods We conducted a systematic literature review using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. We included studies that reported outcomes following EVT for CSVT. The primary outcome of interest was rate of modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0–2. Secondary outcomes of interest were rates of complete, partial, and failed recanalization, mortality, and new or expansion of hematoma. We calculated pooled rates (%) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Thirty-eight studies with 682 patients were included. Rate of mRS 0–2 was 82.6% (95% CI, 75.3%–88.0%). Rate of complete recanalization was 60.9% (95% CI, 49.1%–71.5%), rate of partial recanalization was 34.2% (95% CI, 24.1%–45.9%), and rate of failed recanalization was 5.4% (95% CI, 3.1%–9.2%). Rate of mortality was 6.7% (95% CI, 4.1%–10.8%), and rate of new hematoma or expansion of hematoma was 5.1% (2.9%–8.8%). Conclusions In this systematic review and meta-analysis, EVT for CSVT was associated with favorable rates of mRS 0–2 and recanalization. Furthermore, EVT was associated with a promising safety profile. Future prospective, comparative studies are warranted to assess EVT for CSVT.

ImportanceEndovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is standard treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large-vessel occlusion (LVO), but optimal post-EVT blood pressure (BP) control remains debated.ObjectiveTo assess the association of different systolic BP targets following EVT with functional outcomes, mortality, and complications in patients with AIS due to LVO.Data SourcesSystematic review and meta-analysis of databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) to September 8, 2023.Study SelectionInclusion criteria consisted of randomized clinical trials examining post-EVT management of systolic BP in patients with AIS and LVO comparing intensive vs conventional targets. Nonrandomized studies, observational studies, noninterventional trials, meeting abstracts, duplicate studies, studies with overlapping data, and non–English language studies were excluded. Two authors independently applied these criteria through a blinded review, with discrepancies resolved through consensus. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized trials.Data Extraction and SynthesisThis study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. Three authors extracted data regarding study characteristics, baseline patient data, and outcomes of interest. The pooled data were analyzed using a random-effects meta-analysis.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRates of functional independence, 90-day mortality, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and hypotensive events.ResultsA total of 4 randomized clinical trials with 1571 initially enrolled patients were included in the analysis. Lower functional independence rates were observed in the intensive control group (relative risk [RR], 0.81 [95% CI, 0.67-0.98]). No significant differences were found in 90-day mortality (RR, 1.18 [95% CI, 0.92-1.52]), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (RR, 1.12 [95% CI, 0.75-1.67]), or hypotensive events (RR, 1.80 [95% CI, 0.37-8.76]). There was minimal heterogeneity among the studies included in the functional independence outcome (I2 = 13% and τ2 = 0.003), which was absent among other outcomes (I2 = 0 and τ2 = 0).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that intensive post-EVT BP reduction does not yield benefits and may carry risks. While awaiting the results of additional ongoing trials, a conservative BP management strategy after endovascular recanalization is favored in daily practice.