Graham, Timothy E.
Mayo Clinic
Diabetes and Endocrine Treatment Specialists, Sandy, UT
Citations 4
Automated Insulin Delivery Is Beneficial in Adults With Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes With and Without GAD65 Antibodies
Beck, Roy W. , Hirsch, Irl B., Raghinaru, Dan, Lum, John W. , Pinsker, Jordan E. , Kudva, Yogish C. , Group*, 2IQP Study, Desjardins, Donna, Kurek, Corey, Kaur, Ravinder Jeet , Livingood, Daine, Rizvi, Shafaq , Graham, Timothy E., Terry, Adrienne, Luker, Ryan, Mellenthin, Melanie, Rezac, Stephanie, Liljenquist, David R., Rogers, Justin, Williams, Jonathan, Christensen, Rochelle, Lee, In‐Kyoung, Malone, Joann, Spanakis, Elias K. , Singh, Lakshmi G., Churchill, Jade, Comen, Kathleen, Scott, William H., Davis, Georgia M. , Arroyo, Lizda Guerrero, Oladejo, Omolade , Usman, Sabeena, Ahmann, Andrew , Schmid, Caleb, Dean, Ariel, Branigan, Deborah , Caswell, Brittany, Heyerman, Tess, Tessman, Brian, Vanderheide, Jnh, Dennis, Brittany , Hendricks, Lisa, Reyes-Rodriguez, Clemente, Wolf, Valerie, Coyne, Kasey, Kravarusic, Jelena, Fronczyk, Evelyn, Herrmann, Stefanie, Penn, Samsam C., Blevins, Thomas , Casaubon, Luis, Espinosa, Valerie, Pandit, Keta, Perez, Jennifer, Stewart, Ana, Assir, Courtney, Fields, Cory, Kruger, Davida , Estrada, Kathleen, Jones, J. Kimberly, Mukhashen, Shereen, Corker, Natalie, Hunter, Heather, Layton, Paula, Brown, Sue A. , Afreen, Samina , Dhillon, Jasmeen, Emory, Emma, Fulkerson, David, Fuller, Morgan, Holmes, Viola, Kollar, Laura, Toole, Elyse, Levister, Camilla, O’Malley, Grenye , Ipek, Aslihan, Alabi, Denise, Ellis, Emily, Hassan, Shaziah, Ogyaadu, Selassie, Tamarez, Denisa, Weinstock, Ruth S. , Stone, Sheri , Bzdick, Suzan, Agostini, Lynn, Bulger, Jane , Wolpert, Howard , Atakov-Castillo, Astrid , Sullivan, Asya, Aia, Corinne, Brouillard, Elizabeth, Driscoll, Marsha, Lapier, Heather, Payra, Sherryl, Vancer, Louise, Averkiou, Xenia, Baran, Jesica, Holod, Rosanna, Litvicov, Patrisia, Mandava, Patali, Swinton, Sydney, Khakpour, Dori , Broyles, Frances E. , Marks, Sheryl, Mitchell, Tina, Hairston, Babette, Costello, Reilly, Curtis, Stella, Kamimoto, Jorge Jo, Peleckis, Amy J. , Sultan, Rahaf , Dalton-Bakes, Cornelia, Bourne, Patricia, Haidar, Ahmad, Pasqua, Melissa, Tardio, Vanessa , Moore, Adelyn, Kemp, Gabrielle, Raskin, Philip, Jordan, L.F., Shao, Baomei, DoNguyen, Trang, Meeks, Tram, Phan, Michael , Lesniak, Amanda, Becerra, Mario, Bellini, Natalie J. , Denallo, Erica, Lewis, Claudia , Tribout, Jerry, Tribout, Megan, DiFrancesco, Kathryn, Phillips, Kylie, Raghinaru, Dan, Campos, Tiffany, Morrell, Beth, Oduah, Vanessa, Cardenas-Villamil, Gabriela, Morales, Amanda, Murphy, Carlos, Strayer, Heidi, Spanbauer, Charles , Kollman, Craig, Sasson-Katchalski, Ravid, Piquette, Nicole, Wheatcroft, Alex, WHITE, KIRSTIN N., Carmelo, KC, Janicek, Robert, Gabrielson, Deanna, Mercado, Kevin, Beck, Roy W , Group*, 2IQP Study, Smith, Joshua W. , Christensen, Rochelle, Malone, Joann, Pasquel, Francisco J. , Tajrishi, Farbod Zahedi , Arroyo, Lizda Guerrero, Dean, Ariel, Howard, Matthew, Vander-Heide, Jesse, Ahn, David , Aleppo, Grazia , Fields, Cory, Layton, Paula, Oliveri, Mary Clancy , Levy, Carol J. , Agostini, Lynn, Steenkamp, Devin W , Spaic, Tamara , Liu, Selina , Marks, Sheryl, Mitchell, Tina, Costello, Reilly, Curtis, Stella, Rickels, Michael R. , Bourne, Patricia, Tsoukas, Michael A. , Pasqua, Melissa-Rosina , Moore, Adelyn, Kemp, Gabrielle, Meeks, Tram, Phan, Michael, Hatipoğlu, Betül , Lesniak, Amanda, Howard, Quiana , DiFrancesco, Kathryn, Raghinaru, Dan, Morrell, Beth, Morales, Amanda, Kanapka, Lauren , Le, Van
Diabetes Care | December 5, 2025 | Volume: 49 | Issue: 2 | Pages: e18-e20
Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Benefit From Automated Insulin Delivery Irrespective of C-Peptide Level
Hirsch, Irl B., Kudva, Yogish C. , Blevins, Thomas , Raghinaru, Dan, Lum, John W. , Kollman, Craig, Pinsker, Jordan E. , Beck, Roy W. , Group*, 2IQP Study, Desjardins, Donna, Kurek, Corey, Kaur, Ravinder Jeet , Livingood, Daine, Rizvi, Shafaq , Graham, Timothy E., Terry, Adrienne, Luker, Ryan, Mellenthin, Melanie, Rezac, Stephanie, Liljenquist, David R., Rogers, Justin, Williams, Jonathan, Christensen, Rochelle, Lee, In‐Kyoung, Malone, Joann, Spanakis, Elias K. , Singh, Lakshmi G., Churchill, Jade, Comen, Kathleen, Scott, William H., Davis, Georgia M. , Arroyo, Lizda Guerrero, Oladejo, Omolade , Usman, Sabeena, Ahmann, Andrew , Schmid, Caleb, Dean, Ariel, Branigan, Deborah , Caswell, Brittany, Heyerman, Tess, Tessman, Brian, Vanderheide, Jnh, Dennis, Brittany , Hendricks, Lisa, Reyes-Rodriguez, Clemente, Wolf, Valerie, Coyne, Kasey, Kravarusic, Jelena, Fronczyk, Evelyn, Herrmann, Stefanie, Penn, Samsam C., Casaubon, Luis, Espinosa, Valerie, Pandit, Keta, Perez, Jennifer, Stewart, Ana, Assir, Courtney, Fields, Cory, Kruger, Davida , Estrada, Kathleen, Jones, J. Kimberly, Mukhashen, Shereen, Corker, Natalie, Hunter, Heather, Layton, Paula, Brown, Sue A. , Afreen, Samina , Dhillon, Jasmeen, Emory, Emma, Fulkerson, David, Fuller, Morgan, Holmes, Viola, Kollar, Laura, Toole, Elyse, Levister, Camilla, O’Malley, Grenye , Ipek, Aslihan, Alabi, Denise, Ellis, Emily, Hassan, Shaziah, Ogyaadu, Selassie, Tamarez, Denisa, Weinstock, Ruth S. , Stone, Sheri , Bzdick, Suzan, Agostini, Lynn, Bulger, Jane , Wolpert, Howard , Atakov-Castillo, Astrid , Sullivan, Asya, Aia, Corinne, Brouillard, Elizabeth, Driscoll, Marsha, Lapier, Heather, Payra, Sherryl, Vancer, Louise, Averkiou, Xenia, Baran, Jesica, Holod, Rosanna, Litvicov, Patrisia, Mandava, Patali, Swinton, Sydney, Khakpour, Dori , Broyles, Frances E. , Marks, Sheryl, Mitchell, Tina, Hairston, Babette, Costello, Reilly, Curtis, Stella, Rickels, Michael R., Kamimoto, Jorge Jo, Peleckis, Amy J. , Sultan, Rahaf , Dalton-Bakes, Cornelia, Bourne, Patricia, Haidar, Ahmad, Pasqua, Melissa, Tardio, Vanessa , Moore, Adelyn, Kemp, Gabrielle, Raskin, Philip, Jordan, L.F., Shao, Baomei, DoNguyen, Trang, Meeks, Tram, Phan, Michael , Lesniak, Amanda, Becerra, Mario, Denallo, Erica, Lewis, Claudia , Tribout, Jerry, Tribout, Megan, DiFrancesco, Kathryn, Phillips, Kylie, Lum, John W., Campos, Tiffany, Morrell, Beth, Oduah, Vanessa, Cardenas-Villamil, Gabriela, Morales, Amanda, Murphy, Carlos, Strayer, Heidi, Spanbauer, Charles , Kollman, Craig, Sasson-Katchalski, Ravid, Piquette, Nicole, Wheatcroft, Alex, WHITE, KIRSTIN N., Carmelo, KC, Janicek, Robert, Gabrielson, Deanna, Mercado, Kevin, Hirsch, Irl B. , Pinsker, Jordan E , Beck, Roy W , Hirsch, Irl B , Ahn, David , Rickels, Michael R. , Group*, 2IQP Study, Smith, Joshua W. , Christensen, Rochelle, Malone, Joann, Pasquel, Francisco J. , Tajrishi, Farbod Zahedi , Arroyo, Lizda Guerrero, Dean, Ariel, Howard, Matthew, Vander-Heide, Jesse, Aleppo, Grazia , Fields, Cory, Layton, Paula, Oliveri, Mary Clancy , Levy, Carol J. , Agostini, Lynn, Steenkamp, Devin W , Spaic, Tamara , Liu, Selina , Marks, Sheryl, Mitchell, Tina, Costello, Reilly, Curtis, Stella, Rickels, Michael R., Bourne, Patricia, Tsoukas, Michael A. , Pasqua, Melissa-Rosina , Moore, Adelyn, Kemp, Gabrielle, Meeks, Tram, Phan, Michael, Hatipoğlu, Betül , Lesniak, Amanda, Bellini, Natalie J. , Howard, Quiana , Lewis, Claudia, DiFrancesco, Kathryn, Lum, John W., Morrell, Beth, Morales, Amanda, Kanapka, Lauren , Kollman, Craig, Le, Hung V.
Diabetes Care | September 15, 2025 | Volume: 48 | Issue: 12 | Pages: 2061-2066
OBJECTIVE The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) requires a low C-peptide level for insulin pump coverage unless the individual is β-cell autoantibody positive, which precludes coverage of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems for many people with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In the Randomized Trial Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Control-IQ+ Technology in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Using Basal-Bolus Insulin Therapy study evaluating the t:slim X2 insulin pump with Control-IQ+ technology, adults with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes were categorized into high C-peptide (n = 195) and low C-peptide (n = 59) groups based on CMS criteria. RESULTS In the AID group, mean HbA1c decreased from baseline by 0.8%, which was significantly greater than in the control group with both high (P < 0.001) and low (P = 0.02) C-peptide levels. Results were similar in participants ≥65 years old. CONCLUSIONS The benefit of AID is present with high and low C-peptide levels. Thus, requiring a low C-peptide level as a prerequisite for AID therapy is not warranted.
A Randomized Trial of Automated Insulin Delivery in Type 2 Diabetes
Kudva, Yogish C. , Raghinaru, Dan, Lum, John W. , Graham, Timothy E., Liljenquist, David R., Spanakis, Elias K. , Pasquel, Francisco J. , Ahmann, Andrew , Blevins, Thomas , Kruger, Davida , Brown, Sue A. , Weinstock, Ruth S. , Spaic, Tamara , Hirsch, Irl B., Broyles, Frances E. , Raskin, Philip, Desjardins, Donna, Terry, Adrienne, Singh, Lakshmi G., Davis, Georgia M. , Schmid, Caleb, Kravarusic, Jelena, Coyne, Kasey, Casaubon, Luis, Espinosa, Valerie, Jones, Jaye K., Estrada, Kathleen, Afreen, Samina , Levister, Camilla, O’Malley, Grenye , Liu, Selina , Marks, Sheryl, Peleckis, Amy J. , Tardio, Vanessa , Kurek, Corey, Luker, Ryan, Churchill, Jade, Dean, Ariel, Dennis, Brittany , Fronczyk, Evelyn, Perez, Jennifer, Mukhashen, Shereen, Dhillon, Jasmeen, Ipek, Aslihan, Bzdick, Suzan, Atakov-Castillo, Astrid , Driscoll, Marsha, Averkiou, Xenia, Dalton-Bakes, Cornelia, Moore, Adelyn, Jordan, Lin F., Lesniak, Amanda, Pinsker, Jordan E. , Sasson-Katchalski, Ravid, Campos, Tiffany, Spanbauer, Charles , Kollman, Craig, Beck, Roy W., Rickels, Michael R , Pasqua, Melissa-Rosina , Pinsker, Jordan E , Pasquel, Francisco J , Ahn, David , Aleppo, Grazia , Levy, Carol J. , Steenkamp, Devin W , Rickels, Michael R. , Tsoukas, Michael A. , Hatipoğlu, Betül , Jones, Jaye K., Marks, Sheryl, Tajrishi, Farbod Zahedi , Dean, Ariel, Moore, Adelyn, Lesniak, Amanda, Kanapka, Lauren , Kollman, Craig , Beck, Roy W.
New England Journal of Medicine | March 19, 2025 | Volume: 392 | Issue: 18 | Pages: 1801-1812
Reduction of Elevated Serum Retinol Binding Protein in Obese Children by Lifestyle Intervention: Association with Subclinical Inflammation
Balagopal, Prabhakaran , Graham, Timothy E., Kahn, Barbara B. , Altomare, Astride, Funanage, Vicky L., George, Donald E.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism | March 7, 2007 | Volume: 92 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 1971-1974
AbstractContext: Retinol binding protein (RBP4), secreted primarily from the liver and adipose tissues, was recently proposed as a link between obesity and insulin resistance. The role of RBP4 in pediatric obesity, its relationship with subclinical inflammation, and its response to lifestyle changes are not elucidated.Objective: The objective of the study was to determine in children: 1) the status of RBP4 levels in lean vs. obese; 2) the relationship between RBP4 levels and subclinical inflammation; and 3) the effect of lifestyle-only intervention on RBP4 levels.Design, Setting, and Patients: Lean and obese children (n = 21) matched for age (>14 yr to < 18 yr) and maturity stage (Tanner IV) were studied at baseline and with lifestyle intervention in obese subjects only (n = 15).Intervention: Patients received 3 months of randomized and controlled physical activity-based lifestyle intervention.Main Outcome Measure: RBP4 levels in children before and after intervention and the relationship between RBP4 and subclinical inflammation were measured.Results: Higher RBP4 levels were found in the obese group vs. lean group (P = 0.005). RBP4 correlated with not only indices of obesity and insulin resistance but also inflammatory factors (r = 0.63 and 0.64 for C-reactive protein and IL-6, respectively, P < 0.01). Intervention reduced RBP4 levels by approximately 30% (P = 0.001), and RBP4 reduction was correlated with the magnitude of decrease in inflammatory factors (P = 0.01).Conclusion: Alterations in serum RBP4 occur at an early age in the clinical course of obesity and appear to correlate with subclinical inflammation. Lifestyle intervention almost entirely reversed the raised RBP4 levels in obese children. Future studies should determine whether elevation of RBP4 is a direct trigger for the insulin resistance and subclinical inflammation implicated in the premature development of cardiovascular disease and diabetes.