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Transcriptome‐wide association study of breast cancer risk by estrogen‐receptor status
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К. , Lázaro, Conxi , Leslie, Goska , Lubiński, Jan , Mannermaa, Arto, Martens, John W.M. , Martı́nez, Marı́a Elena , Meindl, Alfons , Kapoor, Pooja M., Miller, Austin , Moserle, Lidia , Mulligan, Anna Marie , Neuhausen, Susan L. , Nevanlinna, Heli , Nielsen, Finn Cilius , Parsons, Michael T. , Pharoah, Paul D.P. , Presneau, Nadège , Radice, Paolo , Risch, Harvey A. , Robson, Mark E. , Schmidt, Marjanka K. , Schmidt, Daniel F. , Sharma, Priyanka , Shu, Xiao‐Ou , Singer, Christian F. , Southey, Melissa C. , Spurdle, Amanda B. , Swerdlow, Anthony J. , Tischkowitz, Marc D. , Toland, Amanda Ewart , Truong, Thérèse , Tung, Nadine , Vachon, Celine M. , Asperen, Christi J. van , Rensburg, Elizabeth J. van , Yannoukakos, Drakoulis , Ziogas, Argyrios , Milne, Roger L. , Zheng, Wei , Kraft, Peter , Jiang, Xia
Genetic Epidemiology | March 2, 2020 | Volume: 44 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 442-468
AbstractPrevious transcriptome‐wide association studies (TWAS) have identified breast cancer risk genes by integrating data from expression quantitative loci and genome‐wide association studies (GWAS), but analyses of breast cancer subtype‐specific associations have been limited. In this study, we conducted a TWAS using gene expression data from GTEx and summary statistics from the hitherto largest GWAS meta‐analysis conducted for breast cancer overall, and by estrogen receptor subtypes (ER+ and ER−). We further compared associations with ER+ and ER− subtypes, using a case‐only TWAS approach. We also conducted multigene conditional analyses in regions with multiple TWAS associations. Two genes, STXBP4 and HIST2H2BA, were specifically associated with ER+ but not with ER– breast cancer. We further identified 30 TWAS‐significant genes associated with overall breast cancer risk, including four that were not identified in previous studies. Conditional analyses identified single independent breast‐cancer gene in three of six regions harboring multiple TWAS‐significant genes. Our study provides new information on breast cancer genetics and biology, particularly about genomic differences between ER+ and ER− breast cancer.
Cancer Risks Associated With GermlinePALB2Pathogenic Variants: An International Study of 524 Families
Yang, Xin , Doroszuk, Alicja, Schneider, Sandra , Allen, Jamie , Decker, Brennan , Redman, James , Scarth, James A. , Plaskocinska, Inga, Luccarini, Craig , Shah, Mitul , Pooley, Karen A. , Dorling, Leila , Lee, Andrew , Adank, Muriel A. , Aittomäki, Kristiina, Andrulis, Irene L. , Ang, Peter , Bernstein, Jonine L. , Bobolis, Kristie, Borg, Åke , Blomqvist, Carl , Claes, Kathleen , Cuggia, Adeline , Culver, Julie O. , Damiola, Francesca , Pauw, Antoine De , Dolinsky, Jill S. , Engel, Christoph , Evans, D. Gareth , Goode, Ellen L. , Gruber, Stephen B., Hahnen, Eric , Hake, Christopher R., Heikkinen, Tuomas , Hurley, Judith , Janavičius, Ramūnas , Kleibl, Zdeněk , Kleiblová, Petra , Konstantopoulou, Irene , Kvist, Anders , LaDuca, Holly , Lee, Ann S. G. , Lesueur, Fabienne , Mannermaa, Arto, Manoukian, Siranoush , McFarland, Rachel, McKinnon, Wendy, Meindl, Alfons , Metcalfe, Kelly , Taib, Nur Aishah Mohd , Moilanen, Jukka S. , Nathanson, Katherine L. , Ng, Pei Sze , Nguyen‐Dumont, Tú , Nielsen, Sarah M. , Obermair, Florian , Offit, Kenneth, Olopade, Olufunmilayo I. , Ottini, Laura , Penkert, Judith , Pylkäs, Katri , Ramus, Susan J. , Rudaitis, Vilius , Side, Lucy, Silva‐Smith, Rachel , Silvestri, Valentina , Skytte, Anne‐Bine , Slavin, Thomas, Soukupová, Jana , Trainer, Alison H., Unzeitig, Gary, Usha, Lydia , Hansen, Thomas van Overeem , Whitworth, James , Wood, Marie , Yip, Cheng Har , Yoon, Sook‐Yee , Yussuf, Amal , Zogopoulos, George , Goldgar, David E. , Chenevix‐Trench, Georgia , George, Sophia , Houdayer, Claude , James, Paul A. , El-Haffaf, Zaki, Ehrencrona, Hans , Janatová, Markéta , Peterlongo, Paolo , Nevanlinna, Heli, Schmutzler, Rita K., Teo, Soo‐Hwang , Weitzel, Jeffrey N. , Elliott, Aaron , Winqvist, Robert , Easton, Douglas F. , Antoniou, Antonis C. , Houdayer, Claude , James, Paul , Lesueur, Fabienne , Peterlongo, Paolo , Ramus, Susan J , Teo, Soo H , Weitzel, Jeffrey N , Claes, Kathleen B M , Ehrencrona, Hans , Evans, D Gareth , Konstantopoulou, Irene , Olopade, Olufunmilayo I , Silvestri, Valentina , Nathanson, Katherine L , Engel, Christoph , Nguyen-Dumont, Tu , Chenevix-Trench, Georgia , Ottini, Laura , Metcalfe, Kelly A , Pylkäs, Katri , Janatova, Marketa , Soukupova, Jana , Hansen, Thomas van Overeem , Kleibl, Zdenek , Manoukian, Siranoush , Mohd Taib, Nur Aishah , Decker, Brennan , Leslie, Goska , Dunning, Alison M. , Adlard, Julian , Barwell, Julian , CONCANNON, PATRICK J. , Dı́ez, Orland , Domchek, Susan M. , Fostira, Florentia , Garber, Judy E. , Golmard, Lisa , Maher, Eamonn R. , Mannermaa, Arto, Meindl, Alfons , Neuhausen, Susan L. , Radice, Paolo , Slavin, Thomas P. , Tondini, Carlo Alberto , Hopper, John L. , Pharoah, Paul D.P. , Balmañà, Judith , El-Haffaf, Zaki, Nevanlinna, Heli , Robson, Mark E. , Pal, Tuya , Couch, Fergus J. , Southey, Melissa C. , Foulkes, William D. , Tischkowitz, Marc D.
Journal of Clinical Oncology | December 16, 2019 | Volume: 38 | Issue: 7 | Pages: 674-685
PURPOSETo estimate age-specific relative and absolute cancer risks of breast cancer and to estimate risks of ovarian, pancreatic, male breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers associated with germline PALB2 pathogenic variants (PVs) because these risks have not been extensively characterized.METHODSWe analyzed data from 524 families with PALB2 PVs from 21 countries. Complex segregation analysis was used to estimate relative risks (RRs; relative to country-specific population incidences) and absolute risks of cancers. The models allowed for residual familial aggregation of breast and ovarian cancer and were adjusted for the family-specific ascertainment schemes.RESULTSWe found associations between PALB2 PVs and risk of female breast cancer (RR, 7.18; 95% CI, 5.82 to 8.85; P = 6.5 × 10−76), ovarian cancer (RR, 2.91; 95% CI, 1.40 to 6.04; P = 4.1 × 10−3), pancreatic cancer (RR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.24 to 4.50; P = 8.7 × 10−3), and male breast cancer (RR, 7.34; 95% CI, 1.28 to 42.18; P = 2.6 × 10−2). There was no evidence for increased risks of prostate or colorectal cancer. The breast cancer RRs declined with age ( P for trend = 2.0 × 10−3). After adjusting for family ascertainment, breast cancer risk estimates on the basis of multiple case families were similar to the estimates from families ascertained through population-based studies ( P for difference = .41). On the basis of the combined data, the estimated risks to age 80 years were 53% (95% CI, 44% to 63%) for female breast cancer, 5% (95% CI, 2% to 10%) for ovarian cancer, 2%-3% (95% CI females, 1% to 4%; 95% CI males, 2% to 5%) for pancreatic cancer, and 1% (95% CI, 0.2% to 5%) for male breast cancer.CONCLUSIONThese results confirm PALB2 as a major breast cancer susceptibility gene and establish substantial associations between germline PALB2 PVs and ovarian, pancreatic, and male breast cancers. These findings will facilitate incorporation of PALB2 into risk prediction models and optimize the clinical cancer risk management of PALB2 PV carriers.