Citations

Background Children's media both reflects and shapes societal attitudes toward physical disability. Despite its potential impact on self-concept and stigma, longitudinal, data-driven analysis of these portrayals remains scarce. This study aimed to quantify longitudinal trends in the tone and framing of physical disability representation in children's media and to explore implications for pediatric rehabilitation. Methods A quantitative content analysis was conducted on 68 children's media productions (1933–2025) sourced from the Vanderbilt Peabody database. Content was filtered to age-appropriate ratings (G, PG, PG-13, TV-14). Three trained reviewers classified depictions of physical disability by clinical category (e.g., spinal cord injury, limb difference) and tone (Positive, Neutral, Negative) and coded for the presence of rehabilitation themes. Inter-rater reliability (κ = 0.83) was achieved. Statistical testing included Mann-Kendall trend analysis and Fisher's exact tests to compare pre-2000 vs post-2000 portrayals. Results Positive portrayals increased significantly from pre-2000 (63%) to post-2000 (90%) (p = 0.01). A consistent upward trend across decades was confirmed (Z = 3.47, p < 0.01). Spinal cord injury was the most frequently depicted disability (40%); rehabilitation themes appeared in 24% of productions, more commonly post-2000. Productions with rehabilitation content were more likely to feature positive portrayals (94% vs 89%). Conclusions Over nine decades, children's media has shifted toward more affirming representations of physical disability, particularly after 2000. Findings suggest that pediatric rehabilitation providers can use positive media examples to reinforce therapeutic engagement, normalize assistive devices, and address stigma in age-appropriate ways.

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Multicenter analyses describing the epidemiology of AKI in the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) are scarce. Here, we describe the prevalence, predictors, and outcomes associated with AKI in a contemporary multicenter CICU population. Methods The Critical Care Cardiology Trials Network (CCCTN) is a collaboration of CICUs in North America coordinated by the TIMI Study Group (Boston, MA). We evaluated patient and hospital-level outcomes as a function of creatinine-only Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) AKI stage within the CCCTN registry. Logistic regression was used to assess associations with in-hospital mortality. Results Among 21 603 admissions, the overall prevalence of AKI was 23.7%, which was composed of KDIGO stage 1: 12.7%, stage 2: 1.7%, and stage 3: 9.2%. A higher prevalence and severity of AKI were seen in patients with baseline kidney disease, hypertension, or diabetes and in admissions with heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and cardiac arrest ( P < .001 for all). There was a stepwise increase in hospital mortality across AKI stages (stage 1: 23%, stage 2: 39%, stage 3: 42%; P < .0001). The increased risk of death associated with progressive AKI stage persisted after multivariate adjustment (adjusted OR: stage 1: 2.1, stage 2: 3.7, stage 3: 3.4). Conclusions AKI occurs in 1 in 4 admissions to the CICU, and a higher AKI stage is incrementally associated with in-hospital mortality, highlighting a need to develop strategies to mitigate AKI and its complications.

This article describes the typical and atypical chest imaging appearances of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.

We introduce an imaging-based approach to quantitatively distinguish intact from damaged mitochondria within heterogeneous mitochondrial networks using fluorescent labels that exhibit different sensitivities to mitochondrial membrane potential. By combining membrane potential-independent CellLight GFP label with membrane potential-dependent MitoTracker Red, this method sensitively quantifies basal and stress-induced mitochondrial damage in hASM cells. This assay provides a practical and interpretable metric of mitochondrial integrity that complements existing methods that measure mitochondrial membrane potential and oxidative stress.

Background: The breathing cycle consists of abdominal breathing (AB), for which the diaphragm is responsible, and thoracic breathing (TB), generated by the intercostal muscles. Contraction of the two portions of the diaphragm accounts for 80% percent of inspiration. While bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis causes severe shortness of breath, hemidiaphragm paralysis (HDP) gives fewer symptoms at rest, making it difficult to recognize and diagnose. Because this condition is rare, little is known regarding its consequences on breathing efficiency. Hypothesis: Based on previous studies, we hypothesized that body positions substantially affect the efficiency of breathing in a patient with unilateral hemidiaphragm paralysis and the corresponding physiological parameters. Aims: To measure and compare the amplitudes of abdominal and chest movements in different body positions in an individual with HDP and measure parameters indicating breathing efficiency. Patient and Methods: The patient had HDP due to iatrogenic phrenic nerve injury. Changes in the circumference of the abdomen and chest were measured during inhalation and exhalation with respiratory plethysmography belts (placed on standardized reproducible positions on the chest and abdomen) in different body positions: sitting (SI), standing (ST), lying (SU) and prone (PR). Breathing frequency was calculated, and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) was measured with a pulse oximeter. Results: The percentage (%) contributions of abdominal breathing were SI: 16.0; ST: 50.3; SU: −53.5; PR: 1.1. A negative sign shows paradoxical breathing. Blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) in the four positions was SI: 93%; ST: 93%; SU: 82%; and PR: 82%, whereas the respiratory rate (1/min) was SI:19.4; ST: 15.0; SU: 37.5; PR: 35.9. Conclusions: Body position markedly influences the relative contributions of abdominal and thoracic breathing and overall respiratory efficiency in patients with hemidiaphragm paralysis; abdominal breathing in the supine and prone positions is greatly reduced leading to decreased blood oxygen saturation, a compensatory increase in respiratory rate, and severe dyspnea even at rest.

The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) provide recommendations for the treatment of patients with NSCLC, including diagnosis, primary disease management, surveillance, and subsequent treatment. The panel has updated the list of recommended targeted therapies based on recent FDA approvals and clinical data. This selection from the NCCN Guidelines for NSCLC focuses on treatment recommendations for advanced or metastatic NSCLC with actionable biomarkers.

These NCCN Guidelines for Distress Management discuss the identification and treatment of psychosocial problems in patients with cancer. They are intended to assist oncology teams to identify patients who require referral to psychosocial resources and to give oncology teams guidance on interventions for patients with significant distress. These guidelines also provide guidance for social workers, certified chaplains, and mental health professionals by describing treatments and interventions for various psychosocial problems as they relate to patients with cancer. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize the panel’s most recent recommendations regarding standards of care for distress management in patients with cancer and implementation of these standards, including application of evidence-based care delivery models, such as the collaborative care model.