Citations

Abstract Darier disease (DD) is a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis. This comprehensive review, developed by the Darier Disease International Task Force (DDITF), consolidates current knowledge on the genetic basis, molecular pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of DD, offering a global perspective that unites shared expertise. The disease arises from pathogenic variants in the ATP2A2 gene, which encodes sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ ‐ATPase isoform 2 (SERCA2), leading to disrupted calcium homeostasis and impaired desmosomal integrity. Clinically, DD is classified based on lesion type (classic vs. non‐classic) and is often accompanied by significant extracutaneous manifestations. Management remains challenging and requires a multifaceted approach, including topical therapies, systemic retinoids and lifestyle modifications. Emerging treatments that target the underlying molecular mechanisms offer promise for improved outcomes. This review aims to provide an updated reference and practical guidance for clinicians involved in the care and study of DD.

TPS3182 Background: MTAP deletion in solid tumors causes intracellular accumulation of methylthioadenosine (MTA) which partially inhibits activity of the key methylating enzyme, protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and creates synthetic lethal dependencies on PRMT5 and methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A), the rate limiting step in the synthesis of PRMT5 substrate, S-adenosyl methionine. PRMT5 and MAT2A are essential to transcription modulation, gene splicing, and DNA damage response. IDE892 is an MTA-cooperative PRMT5 inhibitor designed to exploit this vulnerability in MTAPdel tumors. Preclinical studies report robust antitumor activity with IDE892 monotherapy in MTAPdel xenograft models and an enhanced response when combined with IDE397 (an allosteric MAT2A inhibitor). IDE892-001 is a Phase 1 study evaluating safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and preliminary antitumor activity of IDE892 alone and in combination with IDE397. Methods: IDE892-001 is an ongoing, open-label, multicenter four-part study: IDE892 monotherapy dose escalation (Part 1), monotherapy dose expansion in MTAPdel NSCLC (Part 2), IDE892 + IDE397 dose escalation (Part 3), and combination expansion in MTAPdel NSCLC (Part 4). Adults with advanced or metastatic MTAPdel solid tumors including lung, urothelial, gastrointestinal cancers (including pancreatic and biliary tract cancers) and mesothelioma are eligible following disease progression on standard therapies. Key exclusion criteria include symptomatic brain metastases, cardiac disease, active severe infection, and prior treatment with a PRMT5 or MAT2A inhibitor. Part 1 uses a Bayesian optimal interval design to determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended doses for expansion (RDE). Part 3 uses a modified toxicity probability interval design to evaluate escalating combinations of IDE892 and IDE397. Oral treatment is given QD in 21-day cycles until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Serial blood samples are collected for PD analyses. Imaging will be performed every 6 weeks through week 24, then every 9–12 weeks. Efficacy endpoints will be assessed by RECIST v1.1. Primary objectives for dose-escalation cohorts (Parts 1 and 3) are safety and tolerability, including determination of MTD/RDE. In expansion cohorts (Parts 2 and 4), co-primary objectives include safety and preliminary antitumor activity (objective response rate and duration of response). Secondary endpoints for all parts include PK of IDE892 alone and in combination with IDE397. Exploratory assessments include progression free survival, changes in circulating and tumor-based markers of PRMT5 pathway modulation, molecular predictors of response, exposure–response relationships, and metabolite characterization. Clinical trial information: NCT07277413 .

Abstract Background The Global Bipolar Cohort (GBC) was established to identify existing bipolar disorder (BD) cohorts worldwide and foster collaborations focused on descriptive and analytic outcomes relevant to BD. A distributed analytic framework has been implemented to engage multiple sites without the need for central data pooling. This report describes the GBC endeavor and global functional impairment patterns. Cross-cohort comparisons of functional correlates are limited by heterogeneous measures and data-sharing constraints. Large, culturally diverse comparisons are needed to distinguish broadly reproducible correlates from cohort-specific effects. Participating sites completed a 28-item descriptive survey covering diagnostic methods, cognition, genetics, treatment, functioning, and follow-up strategies. We implemented a harmonized local logistic regression model of dichotomized functional outcome and shared summary statistics only. Results We identified 69 cohorts across five continents. Thirty-seven cohorts contributed functional outcome analyses from 17,130 participants. Outcome measures included clinician-rated disability scales and social indicators such as employment and marital status. The proportion classified with poor functioning ranged from 16% to 77% (mean 50%). In 32 of 37 cohorts, the overall regression model significantly explained variance in functioning. Current depressive symptoms were the most robust and reproducible correlate of poor functional outcome: they were assessed in 29 cohorts, significant in 22 (75.8%), ranked among the top three correlates in 22, and were the top-ranked correlates in 19. Associations between depressive burden and poor functioning were observed across clinician-rated disability scales and work or social indicators, and across geographically diverse cohorts. Comorbid substance use disorder and medication-related variables were associated with poorer functioning in subsets of cohorts, whereas sex, ancestry, bipolar subtype, psychosis history, and premorbid IQ showed weak or inconsistent associations. Cognitive measures, available in a minority of regression models, showed modest and non-uniform effects. Conclusions Across heterogeneous international cohorts, current depressive symptom burden emerged as the most consistent correlate of poor functioning in bipolar disorder. These findings replicate earlier multisite work at a larger scale, show that protocol-based distributed analyses can identify reproducible clinical signals without sharing individual-level data, and support prioritizing detection and treatment of depressive symptoms when aiming to improve real-world functioning. Future work should expand longitudinal harmonization and representation of under-studied populations.

Abstract Introduction Patients with Parkinson’s disease commonly underreport sleep symptoms, but the extent to which such mismatch may be present in people with isolated RBD (iRBD) is unknown. We evaluated how the patient–bedpartner (PT–BP) mismatch in night-time and daytime sleep complaints relates to cognition, apathy, dopaminergic degeneration, and cortical structure in iRBD. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 425 iRBD participants (2018–2025) from the North American Prodromal Synucleinopathy (NAPS) Consortium with clinicodemographic data, dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging. Using Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease (SCOPA)-Sleep, PT–BP mismatch was classified into overestimator (PT>BP), concordant (PT=BP), and underestimator (PT< BP) groups, separately for complaints during night and day. Outcomes included cognition (CDR-Sum of Boxes [CDR-SB], CDR-global, and individual subdomain tests), pareidolia, apathy, subregional DAT uptake, and cortical thickness. Group differences were tested with analysis of covariance adjusting for age, sex, disease duration, education, clinician-rated OSA treatment inadequacy, and the corresponding patient-reported SCOPA-Sleep domain (night or day), and estimated total intracranial volume for cortical thickness; pairwise tests used Bonferroni correction. Results The PT–BP mismatch was common (night – overestimator 127/425, 29.9% and underestimator 116/425, 27.3%; day – overestimator 77/425, 18.1% and underestimator 134/425, 31.5%). For night-time mismatch, underestimators showed lower CDR-SB and lower CDR-global than overestimators. In addition, underestimators exhibited more illusory responses, fewer correct noise rejections, and fewer total correct responses than overestimator and concordant groups. For daytime mismatch, CDR-SB was lower in underestimators versus overestimators; CDR-global was lower in underestimators and concordant participants versus overestimators. No significant associations were found for apathy. Subregional DAT uptake did not differ by mismatch group. Cortical thickness analyses revealed thinner right transverse gyrus in underestimator and concordant groups compared to the overestimator group and thinner left superior temporal gyrus in underestimator group compared to overestimator group, for night-time mismatch only. Conclusion The PT–BP subjective sleep mismatch can be used as a clinical marker associated with overall cognitive decline and cortical thinning in auditory and language processing areas, which may underlie impairment in perceptual interpretation and hallucination proneness. Further research is warranted to seek longitudinal change and phenoconversion in mismatch groups. Support (if any) #U19-AG071754 (NAPS Consortium)

53BP1 nuclear bodies are dynamic structures with properties resembling biomolecular condensates, but the molecular determinants that govern 53BP1 higher-order assembly at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) remain to be established. Here, we show that 53BP1 condensation is stimulated by phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI(3)P) in vitro through a highly specific interaction with its C-terminal tandem BRCT domain (tBRCT). Consequently, mutational inactivation of the 53BP1 tBRCT domain compromised PI(3)P binding and suppressed 53BP1 optodroplet formation in vivo. We further show that rapid 53BP1 clustering following DNA damage precedes its stable assembly on DSB-flanking chromatin, requires its tBRCT, and is suppressed by sequestration of nuclear PI(3)P. Taken together, our findings identify PI(3)P binding as a mechanism that promotes the formation and maturation of 53BP1 condensate-like assemblies on damaged chromatin.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that accurate prediction of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) symptom onset requires more than amyloid- and tau-centric biomarkers such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ42/40, total tau and p-tau181 and plasma p-tau217. Autosomal dominant AD (ADAD), caused by pathogenic PSEN1, PSEN2 and APP mutations with predictable age at symptom onset, presents a unique opportunity to characterize the chronological changes in proteins beyond amyloid and tau and clarify them as early biomarkers of disease onset or as biomarkers related to disease staging and progression monitoring. METHODS We measured 972 CSF samples corresponding to 484 participants of the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Disease Network (DIAN) using the NULISASeq 120 CNS Disease Panel. We first benchmarked the technology against gold-standard measurements followed by the identification of proteins that were differentially abundant in relation to mutation status and symptomatology. Next, we determined the chronological emergence of protein changes in relation to the estimated years to onset (EYO). Finally, we assessed whether specific protein measures improved the prediction of EYO in the ADAD. FINDINGS NULISA measurements were comparable to those previously published. We demonstrated that known early alterations in CSF amyloid and tau were followed by inflammatory and neurodegenerative responses suggesting that clinical manifestation of AD happens before the inflammatory processes is fully developed. Finally, we found a multi-protein composite approach for predicting EYO that outperformed single biomarker values. INTERPRETATION Our results suggest that the main CSF proteomic landscape changes in ADAD are due to the presence of a pathogenic mutation and occur prior to symptom onset. Improved performance of multi-protein composite to predict EYO compared to single biomarker values highlights the added value of multiplex proteomic signatures for biomarker panel development. FUNDING National Institute on Aging, Alzheimer’s Association, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Ministry of Health & Welfare and Ministry of Science and ICT, Republic of Korea, Spanish Institute of Health Carlos III.

Abstract Enhancer is a critical epigenetic feature in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), yet the functional roles of individual enhancers remain poorly understood. Here, we conducted an integrative multi-omics analysis based on publicly available ATAC-seq, H3K27ac ChIP-seq, transcriptomic profiling, and genetic association datasets to systematically map HNSCC-associated enhancers and their target genes. Integrating ATAC-seq and H3K27ac ChIP-seq, we identified 20,362 enhancers and 18,040 enhancer-associated genes, highlighting widespread regulatory complexity. Functional characterization of the TERT -associated enhancer GH05J001312 (GRCh38/hg38: chr5:1312099-1317743) revealed strong transcriptional activity in HNSCC. CRISPR-mediated deletion of a core sequence significantly reduced TERT expression, impaired cellular proliferation in vitro , and suppressed tumor growth in vivo , confirming its role as a key cis-regulatory element. RNA-seq analysis of enhancer-edited cells uncovered 742 differentially expressed genes enriched in cancer-related pathways, including MAPK and IL-17 signaling, indicating a broad transcriptional impact. Collectively, our findings establish GH05J001312 as a functional enhancer driving oncogenic programs in HNSCC and suggest enhancer-targeted strategies as a potential therapeutic avenue.

Objective Age of symptom onset is highly variable in familial frontotemporal lobar degeneration (f‐FTLD). Accurate prediction of onset would inform clinical management and trial enrollment. Prior studies indicate that individualized maps of brain atrophy can predict conversion to dementia in f‐FTLD. We used a Bayesian linear mixed‐effect (BLME) prediction method for identifying accelerated brain volume loss to predict conversion to dementia. Methods Participants included 234 asymptomatic or prodromal carriers of C9orf72 , GRN , or MAPT mutations (including 21 dementia converters) with ≥3 longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1‐weighted scans. The BLME models established individual voxel‐wise gray matter trajectories using the first 2 scans. Person‐specific clusters of accelerated volume loss were estimated in subsequent scans and tested as predictors of dementia conversion compared with other approaches in time‐varying Cox proportional hazard models covarying for age. Receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curves estimated utility of cluster volume in discriminating which participants converted to dementia within 24 months. Results The BLME cluster volume predicted conversion to dementia in f‐FTLD mutation carriers overall and separately in C9orf72 , GRN , and MAPT , with comparable hazard ratios observed for atrophy W‐maps and regional volumes. Within a 24‐month timeframe, BLME cluster volume discriminated dementia converters from non‐converters with larger areas under the curve (AUCs) than other approaches. Interpretation Bayesian‐modeled individualized atrophy scores predict dementia progression among asymptomatic f‐FTLD mutation carriers and may have increased utility compared with other structural imaging methods when studying individuals over shorter timeframes that align with clinical trial design. ANN NEUROL 20269999:n/a–n/a

Abstract Isolated/idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is a usually prodromal manifestation of neurodegenerative disorders with α-synuclein pathology: Parkinson’s disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Clinical trials in the iRBD population face substantial barriers: limited access to well-characterized cohorts, inconsistent assessment protocols across centers, and the absence of validated biomarkers of disease burden. The North American Prodromal Synucleinopathy (NAPS) Consortium was established to address these challenges and facilitate clinical trials for neuroprotective therapies targeting synucleinopathy at the earliest known stages. In this multi-site, longitudinal, observational study, nine academic centers across North America will enroll and follow over 500 individuals with iRBD from existing sleep centers. Sixty control participants, matched for age, sex, and race will also be recruited. A harmonized protocol—including a standardized clinical battery assessing motor, cognitive, autonomic, psychiatric, sensory, and sleep function; structured diagnostic adjudication; biospecimen collection; and centralized analysis of both polysomnography and neuroimaging data—is outlined herein and reflects NAPS Stage 2. Each participants completes these assessments annually, and are replaced in the event of phenoconversion. By unifying assessments and expanding geographic reach, NAPS lays the groundwork for efficient, well-powered clinical trials designed to delay or prevent progression of iRBD to overt PD, DLB, or MSA—ultimately enabling earlier, more effective therapeutic intervention for neurodegenerative disease. Registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05826457).