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229 citation(s) found for "Odén, Anders".

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition) 1
Klionsky, Daniel J., Abdel‐Aziz, Amal Kamal , Abdellatif, Mahmoud , Abdoli, Asghar , Abel, Steffen , Abeliovich, Hagai , Abildgaard, Marie H. , Abudu, Yakubu Princely , Acevedo‐Arozena, Abraham , Adamopoulos, Iannis E. , Adeli, Khosrow , Adolph, Timon E. , Adornetto, Annagrazia , Aflaki, Elma, Agam, Galila , Aggarwal, Bharat B. , Agnello, Maria, Agostinis, Patrizia , Agrewala, Javed N. , Agrotis, Alexander , Aguilar, Patricia V., Ahmad, S. Tariq, Ahumada-Castro, Ulises , Aits, Sonja , Aizawa, Shu, Akkoç, Yunus , Akoumianaki, Tonia, Akpinar, Hafize Aysin , Al‐Abd, Ahmed M. , Al-Akra, Lina, Gharaibeh, Abeer , Alaoui‐Jamali, Moulay A. , Alberti, Simon , Alessandri, Cristiano , Alonso, Alicia , Altan‐Bonnet, Nihal , Álvarez, Élida, Alves, Sara , Costa, Cristine Alvès da , Alzaharna, Mazen M. , Amadio, Marialaura , Amantini, Consuelo , Amaral, Cristina , Ambrosio, Susanna , Amer, Amal O. , Ammanathan, Veena , An, Zhenyi, Andrabi, Shaida A. , Andres, Allen M. , Ann, David K. , Anozie, Uche C. , Ansari, Mohammad Y. , Antas, Pedro , Antebi, Adam , Antón, Zuriñe , Anwar, Tahira , Apétoh, Lionel , Araki, Toshiyuki , Araki, Yasuhiro , Araya, Jun , Arévalo, María‐Ángeles , Argüelles, Sandro , Arias, Esperanza , Arikkath, Jyothi , Ariosa, Aileen, Aroca, Ángeles , Arroyo, Daniela S., Arsov, Ivica, Artero, Rubén , Asaro, Dalia Maria Lucia, Ashur‐Fabian, Osnat , Atanasov, Atanas G. , Au, Alicia K. , Auberger, Patrick , Auner, Holger W. , Aurelian, Laure , Avagliano, Laura , Ávalos, Yenniffer , Aveleira, Célia A. , Aydın, Yücel , Ayyadevara, Srinivas , Azzopardi, Maria , Baba, Misuzu, Backer, Jonathan , Bae, Soo Han , Baehrecke, Eric H. , Bagetta, Giacinto , Bagniewska‐Zadworna, Agnieszka , Bai, Hua , Bai, Xiyuan , Bairagi, Nandadulal , Baksi, Shounak , Balbi, Teresa , Ballester, María , Balazadeh, Salma , Balzan, Rena , Bandopadhyay, Rina , Banerjee, Sulagna , Bánréti, Ágnes , Baracca, Alessandra , Barbati, Cristiana , Bargiela, Ariadna , Barilà, Daniela , Barlow, Peter G. , Barmada, Sami J. , Barreiro, Esther , Bártek, Jiří , Bartel, Bonnie , Bartolomé, Alberto , Barve, Gaurav , Bassham, Diane C. , Baulieu, E.E. , Baumgarner, Bradley L. , Bayry, Jagadeesh , Beale, Rupert , Beau, Isabelle , Beaumatin, Florian , Bechara, Luiz Roberto Grassmann , Beck, George R. , Beers, Michael F. , Begun, Jakob , Behrends, Christian , Bejarano, Eloy , Bel, Shai , Belaïd, Amine , Belgareh‐Touzé, Naïma, Bellarosa, Cristina , Belleudi, Francesca , Belló-Pérez, Melissa , Beltran, Jackeline Soares de Oliveira , Beltran, Sebastián, Benbrook, Doris M. , Bendorius, Mykolas , Benítez, Bruno A. , Benito‐Cuesta, Irene , Bensalem, Julien , Berchtold, Martin W. , Berezowska, Sabina , Bergamaschi, Daniele , Berliocchi, Laura , Berlioz‐Torrent, Clarisse , Bernard, Amélie , Besirli, Cagri G. , Besteiro, Sébastien , Betin, Virginie M.S., Beyaert, Rudi , Bezbradica, Jelena S. , Bhaskar, Kiran , Bhatia‐Kiššová, Ingrid, Bhattacharya, Sujoy , Bhuiyan, Md. Shenuarin , Bi, Xiaolin , Biden, Trevor J. , Bijian, Krikor , Billes, Viktor , Binart, Nadine , Bincoletto, Cláudia , Blanco, Gonzalo , Blas‐García, Ana , Błasiak, Janusz , Blomgran, Robert , Blum, Janice S. , Boada-Romero, Emilio, Boban, Mirta , Boeuf, Philippe , Boland, Barry , Bomont, Pascale , Bonaldo, Paolo , Bonam, Srinivasa Reddy , Bonfili, Laura , Bootman, Martin D. , Bordi, Matteo , Borner, Christoph , Bornhäuser, Beat , Bose, Santanu , Botas, Juan , Boulanger, Chantal M. , Bourgeois, Benjamin , Bourke, Nollaig M. , Bousquet, Guilhem , Boya, Patricia , Bozhkov, Peter V. , Bozi, Luiz H. M. , Bozkurt, Tolga O. , Pedro, José Manuel Bravo‐San , Brest, Patrick , Bringer, Marie-Agnès , Briones‐Herrera, Alfredo , Broaddus, V. Courtney, Brodersen, Peter , Brodsky, Jeffrey L. , Bronson, Paola G. , Bronstein, Jeff M. , Brown, Rhoderick E. , Brum, Patrı́cia C. , Bruno, Daniele , Bryson‐Richardson, Robert J. , Bucci, Cecilia , Buchrieser, Carmen , Bueno, Marta , Buchan, J. Ross , Buckingham, Erin M., Budak, Hikmet , Budini, Mauricio , Bultynck, Geert , Burada, Florin , Burgoyne, Joseph R. , Burón, María I. , Bustos, Victor , Büttner, Sabrina , Byrd, Aaron , Cabas, Isabel , Cabrera, Sandra , Cadwell, Ken , Cai, Jingjing , Cai, Lu , Cai, Qian , Calbet, José A. L. , Caldwell, Guy A. , Call, Jarrod A. , Calvani, Riccardo , Calvo, Ana Cristina , Calvo‐Rubio, Miguel , Câmara, Niels Olsen Saraiva , Camonis, Jacques , Camougrand, Nadine , Campanella, Michelangelo , Campbell, Edward M. , Campos, Juliane C. , Camuzard, Olivier , Cancino, Jorge , Caniggia, Isabella , Canonico, Barbara , Cantı́, Carles , Cao, Bin , Caramés, B. , Cardenal‐Muñoz, Elena , Cárdenas, César , Cárdenas, Luis , Cardoso, Sandra M. , Carew, Jennifer S. , Carle, Georges F. , Carleton, Gillian , Carloni, Silvia , Carneiro, Letícia A. M. , Carosi, Julian M. , Carra, Serena , Carrier, Alice , Carter, A. Brent, Carvalho, Andreia Neves , Casanova, Magali , Casas, Josefina , Cassioli, Chiara , Castillo, Karen , Castillo‐Lluva, Sonia , Castoldi, Francesca , Castori, Marco , Castro, Ariel F. , Castro‐Hernández, Javier , Cavadas, Cláudia , Cavaliere, Federica, Cavallini, Gabriella , Cavinato, Maria , Rica, Paula Cebollada , Cechowska‐Pasko, Marzanna , Cerqueira, João , Cerutti, Janete M. , Çetintaş, Vildan Bozok , Cetrullo, Silvia , Chagin, Andrei S. , Chai, Chee‐Yin , Chakrabarti, Gopal , Chakraborty, Tapas , Chakraborty, Trinad , Chami, Mounia , Chamilos, Georgios , Chan, David W. , Chan, Edmond Y. W., Chan, Ho Yin Edwin , Chan, Helen H., Chan, Hung , Chan, Matthew T.V. , Chan, Yau Sang , Chang, Hao‐Chun , Chang, Kai , Chao, Jie , Charlet‐Berguerand, Nicolas , Chatterjee, Samrat , Chaube, Shail K. , Chaudhary, Anu , Chauhan, Santosh , Chaum, Edward , Checler, Frédéric , Cheetham, Michael E. , Chen, Chang‐Shi , Chen, Jian‐Fu , Chen, Liam L., Chen, Mingliang , Chen, Mu‐Kuan , Chen, Ning , Chen, Wei , Chen, Xinming , Chen, Xiongwen , Chen, Yan , Chen, Ye‐Guang , Chen, Yingyu , Chen, Yongqiang , Chen, Zhefan Stephen , Chen, Zhihua , Cheng, Xiu‐Tang , Cheng, Yiyun , Cheng, Zhiyong , Cheong, Jit Kong , Cherry, Sara , Cheung, Chi F., Cheung, Chun Hei Antonio , Cheung, King‐Ho , Chevet, Éric , Chi, Richard J., Chiaradonna, Ferdinando , Chiariello, M , Chica, Nathalia , Chiocca, Susanna , Chiong, Mario , Chiou, Shih‐Hwa , Chiramel, Abhilash I., Chiurchiù, Valerio , Cho, Dong-Hyung, Choe, Seong‐Kyu , Choi, Augustine M.K. , Choi, Mary E. , Choudhury, Kamalika Roy , Chow, Norman , Chua, Jason P. , Chua, John Jia En , Chung, Hyewon , Chung, Kin Pan , Chung, So‐Hyang , Chung, Yuen-Li, Ciechomska, Iwona A. , Cinque, Laura , Çırak, Sebahattin , Clarke, Robert , Clementi, Emilio , Coccia, Eliana M. , Codogno, Patrice , Colasanti, Tania , Colasuonno, Fiorella , Colbert, Robert A. , Colell, Anna , Coll, Núria S. , Collins, Mark O. , Colombo, Marı́a I. , Colón‐Ramos, Daniel A. , Cominetti, Márcia R. , Consiglio, Antonella , Conte, A. , Contu, Viorica Raluca , Cookson, Mark , Coombs, Kevin M. , Costa, Maria do Carmo , Costantino, Sarah , Costelli, Paola , Criollo, Alfredo , Crippa, V. , Cristofani, Riccardo , Csizmadia, Tamás , Cui, Bing , Cui, Yixian , Culetto, Emmanuel , Cumino, Andrea C. , Cybulsky, Andrey V. , Czaja, Mark J. , Czuczwar, Stanisław J. , D’Adamo, Stefania , D’Amelio, Marcello , D’Orazi, Gabriella , Silva, James Almada da , Dafsari, Hormos Salimi , Daglia, Maria , Dai, Xiaoxia , Dai, Yun , Dai, Yuyuan , Col, Jessica Dal , Dalhaimer, Paul , Valle, Luisa Dalla , Dallenga, Tobias , Dalmasso, Guillaume , Dando, Ilaria , Das, Hiranmoy , Dasari, Santosh K. , Dash, Srikanta, Dauphinee, Adrian N. , Davies, Jeffrey S. , Dávila, Valeria A. , Davis, Roger J. , Naidu, Sharadha Dayalan , Bosscher, Karolien De , Leonibus, Chiara De , Barbosa, Mayara Garcia de Mattos , Meyer, Guido R.Y. De , Palma, Clara De , Virgilio, Claudio De , Zio, Daniela De , Decuypere, Jean-Paul , Deehan, Mark , Deflorian, Gianluca , Dehay, Benjamin , Delaney, Joe R. , Delorme‐Axford, Elizabeth , Demers, Nicholas D. , Deng, Hongbin , Dengjel, Jörn , Dent, Paul, DePamphilis, Melvin L., Descoteaux, Albert , Devis, Laura , Devkota, Sushil , Devuyst, Olivier , Dewson, Grant , Dharmasivam, Mahendiran , Domenico, Fabio Di , Fazio, Pietro Di , Fonzo, Alessio Di , Guardo, Giovanni Di , Guglielmo, Gianni M. Di , Leo, Luca Di , Malta, Chiara Di , Nardo, Alessia Di, Rienzo, Martina Di , Diao, Jiajie , Diaz-Araya, Guillermo, Díaz‐Laviada, Inés , Dickinson, Jared M. , Diederich, Marc , Dieudé, Mélanie , Ding, Shiping , Ding, Wen-Xing, Dinić, Jelena , Dinić, Miroslav , Dinkova‐Kostova, Albena T. , Distler, Jörg H. W. , Đokić, Jelena , Emre, Serap , Dong, Xiaonan , Dong, Zhiwu , Dorn, Gerald W. , Dou, Juan, Dowaidar, Moataz , Drucker, Liat , Du, Ailian , Du, Guangwei , Du, Hai‐Ning , Toit, André du , Duan, Shao-Bin , Duan, Xiaoqiong , Duarte, Sónia , Dupont, Nicolas , Durán, Raúl V. , Dyshlovoy, Sergey A. , Ebrahimi‐Fakhari, Darius , Eckhart, Leopold , Edelstein, Charles L. , Efferth, Thomas , Eid, Nabil , Eisenberg, Tobias , Eissa, N. Tony, Ejarque, Miriam , Andaloussi, Abdeljabar El, El‐Hage, Nazira , Eleuteri, Anna Maria , El‐Shafey, Eman S. , Elgendy, Mohamed , Elizalde, María Mercedes , Elsässer, Hans‐Peter , Elsherbiny, Eslam S. , Emre, N. C. Tolga , Eng, Christina H. , Engedal, Nikolai , Engelsen, Agnete S. T. , Enserink, Jorrit M. , Escalante, Ricardo , Esclatine, Audrey , Eskelinen, Eeva‐Liisa , Espert, Lucile , Eusebio, Makandjou-Ola , Facchiano, Antonio , Facchiano, Francesco , Fadeel, Bengt , Fader, Claudio M., Faesen, Alex C. , Fairlie, W. Douglas , Falcó, Alberto , Fan, Daping , Fan, Jie , Fang, Evandro Fei , Fang, Yanshan , Fang, Yognqi, Farfel‐Becker, Tamar, Faure, Mathias , Fazeli, Gholamreza , Fedele, Anthony O., Feldman, Arthur M. , Feng, Jiachun , Feng, Lifeng , Feng, Wei , Araujo, Thaís Fenz , Ferguson, Thomas A., Fernández, Álvaro F. , Fernández‐Veledo, Sonia , Fernie, Alisdair R. , Ferrante, Anthony W. , Ferraresi, Alessandra , Ferrari, M , Ferreira, Julio Cesar Batista , Ferro‐Novick, Susan , Figueras, António , Filadi, Riccardo , Filigheddu, Nicoletta , Fimia, Gian María , Finetti, Francesca , Finkbeiner, Steven , Fisher, Edward A. , Fisher, Paul B. , Fliesler, Steven J. , Flo, Trude Helen , Florance, Ida , Florey, Oliver , Florio, Tullio , Fodor, Erika , Forlino, Antonella , Fortini, Paola , Fracassi, Anna , Franconi, Flavia , Frankel, Lisa B. , Fröhlich, Leopold F. , Fuentes, José M. , Fujiki, Yukio , Fulda, Simone , Furuya, Norihiko , Gack, Michaela U. , Gaffke, Lidia , Galadari, Sehamuddin , Galasso, Alessia , Galindo, Marı́a F. , Kankanamalage, Sachith Gallolu , Galluzzi, Lorenzo, Galy, Vincent , Gammoh, Noor , Ganley, Ian G. , Gao, Feng , Gao, Minghui , Gao, Ping , Gao, Wentao , Gao, Xiaobo , Garcerá, Ana , Garcia, María Noé , García, Verónica , Portillo, Francisco Garcı́a-del , García‐Escudero, Vega , García‐García, Aracely , García‐Macía, Marina , García‐Moreno, Diana , García‐Ruiz, Carmen , García‐Sanz, Patricia , Garg, Abhishek D. , Garofalo, Tina , Gassen, Nils C. , Gatica, Damián , Geiss‐Friedlander, Ruth , Genschik, Pascal , Gerbino, Valeria , Gerhardt, Christoph , Germain, Kyla , Germain, Marc , Afshar, Elham Ghasemipour, Ghavami, Saeid , Ghosh, Manosij , Giamas, Georgios , Giatromanolaki, Alexandra , Gibson, Gary E. , Ginet, Vanessa, Girardin, Stephen E. , Giridharan, Mridhula, Giuliano, Sandy , Giulivi, Cecilia , Giuriato, Sylvie , Giustiniani, Julien , Gluschko, Alexander , Goder, Veit , Goginashvili, Alexander , Gołąb, Jakub , Golebiewska, Anna , Gomes, Luciana Rodrigues, Gomez, Rodrigo Enrique, Gómez‐Sánchez, Rubén , Gómez‐Sintes, Raquel , Gong, Qingqiu , González‐Gallego, Javier , González‐Polo, Rosa A. , González‐Reyes, José A. , González-Rodríguez, Patricia , Goping, Ing Swie , Gorbunov, Nikolai V., Görgülü, Kıvanç , Gorojod, Roxana Mayra , Gorski, Sharon M. , Gotor, Cecilia , Gözüaçık, Devrim , Graef, Martin , Gräler, Markus H. , Granatiero, Veronica, Grasso, Daniel , Gray, Joshua P. , Greenhough, Alexander , Gregory, Stephen L. , Griffin, Edward F., Gros, Frédéric , Grose, Charles , Gross, Angelina S. , Грубер, Флориан , Grumati, Paolo , Gu, Xueyan , Guan, Jun‐Lin , Guardia, Carlos M. , Guda, Kishore , Guerra, Flora , Guerri, Consuelo , Guha, Prasun , Guillén, Carlos , Gujar, Shashi , Gukovskaya, Anna S. , Gukovsky, Ilya , Gunst, Jan , Günther, Andreas , Guo, Chuanyong , Guo, Chun , Guo, Hongqing , Guo, Ming , Gupta, Pawan , Gupta, Swapnil , Gupta, Veer Bala , Gupta, Vivek , Gutterman, David D. , H.B., Ranjitha, Haber, James E. , Hać, Aleksandra , Haidar, Mansour , Halldén, Gunnel , Hamacher‐Brady, Anne , Hamasaki, Maho , Hansen, Malene , Hao, Zijian, Harada, Masaru , Harhaji‐Trajkovic, Ljubica , Hariharan, Nirmala , Haspel, Jeffrey A. , Haucke, Volker , Hawkins, Wayne D. , Haynes, Cole M. , Hays, Thomas S. , He, Congcong , He, Qin , He, Rong‐Rong , He, You‐Wen , Heakal, Yasser, Heberle, Alexander Martin , Hejtmancik, J. Fielding , Henkel, Vanessa, Herb, Marc , Herman-Antosiewicz, Anna , Hernández, Agustín , Hernández, Carlos , Hernández-Díaz, Sergio , Hernández–Gea, Virginia , Herpin, Amaury , Herreros, Judit , Hervás, Javier H. , Hesselson, Daniel , Hetz, Claudio , Higuchi, Yujiro , Hilfiker, Sabine , Hill, Joseph A., Ho, Emmanuel A. , Ho, Idy H. T. , Ho, Philip Wing‐Lok , Ho, Shu‐Leong , Ho, Wan Yun, Hoet, Peter , Hofius, Daniel , Höhn, Annika , Hong, Yi-Ren Hong Chang-Won, Hooper, Lora V. , Hsin, I‐Lun , Hu, Bing , Hu, Dong , Hu, Wei , Hu, Zhuowei , Hua, Jinlian, Huan, Chongmin , Huang, Chuanshu , Huang, Chunling , Huang, Haishan , Huang, Michael , Huang, Shan , Huang, Tianzhi , Huang, Xing , Huang, Yuxiang , Hubert, Virginie , Hübner, Christian A. , Hughes, Stephanie M. , Hughes, William E. , Hummer, Gerhard , Hurley, James H. , Hussain, Sabah N. A. , Hussain, Salik , Hutabarat, Martina , Hwang, Hui-Yun, Ieni, Antonio , Ikeda, Fumiyo , Imagawa, Yusuke , Imbriano, Carol , Imoto, Masaya , Inman, Denise M. , Inoki, Ken , Iozzo, Renato V. , Iribarren, Pablo , Ishaq, Mohd , Ishimwe, Nestor , Ismail, Nahed , Issazadeh‐Navikas, Shohreh , Itakura, Eisuke , Ito, Daisuke , Ivankovic, Davor , Ivanova, Saška , Iyer, Anand Krishnan V. , Izquierdo, José M. , Jacobo‐Herrera, Nadia , Jacquin, Élise , Jadiya, Pooja , Jaeschke, Hartmut , Jagannath, Chinnaswamy, Jakobsson, Johan , Janji, Bassam , Jansen‐Dürr, Pidder , Jansson, Patric J. , Januszewski, Sławomir, Jeltsch‐David, Hélène , Jenny, Andreas , Jensen, Thomas E. , Jessen, Niels , Jia, Lijun , Jia, Rui , Jiang, Qing , Jiang, Richeng , Jiang, Teng , Jiang, Xuejun , Jiang, Yu , Jiménez-Sánchez, María , Jin, Fengyan , Jin, Li , Jin, Luqi, Jin, Si , Joffre, Carine , Johnston, Simon A. , Jokitalo, Eija , Juárez, Esmeralda , Juhász, Gábor , Jun, Youngsoo , Jung, Chang Hwa , Jung, Sung‐Chul , Jungbluth, Heinz , Jungverdorben, Johannes , Just, Steffen , Kaasik, Allen , Kaganovich, Daniel , Kain, Renate , Kajimura, Shingo , Kalamvoki, Maria , Kalia, Manjula , Kalinowski, Danuta S. , Kaludercic, Nina , Kalvari, Ioanna , Kamińska, Joanna , Kanamori, Hiromitsu , Kang, Chanhee , Kang, Rui , Kang, Sang Sun , Kaniyappan, Senthilvelrajan , Kanki, Tomotake , Kanneganti, Thirumala‐Devi , Kanthasamy, Arthi , Kantorow, Marc , Kapuy, Orsolya , Karim, Md. Razaul , Kato, Masaru , Kauppinen, Anu , Kaushal, Gur P. , Kawasaki, Kiyoshi, Kazan, Kemal , Keber, Ursula , Keller, Kate E. , Kenific, Candia M. , Kepp, Oliver , Kern, Andreas , Keulers, Tom G. , Khalfin, Boris , Khalil, Hany , Khan, Shahid Y. , Khandelwal, Vinoth Kumar Megraj, Khandia, Rekha , Kho, Widuri , Khobrekar, Noopur V. , Khuansuwan, Sataree , Khundadze, Mukhran , Killackey, Samuel A. , Kim, Dasol , Kim, Deok Ryong, Kim, Do‐Hyung , Kim, Dong‐Eun , Kim, Eun‐Kyoung , Kim, Hak-Rim, Kim, Hee-Sik , Kim, Hyung-Ryong, Kim, Jeong Hun , Kim, Joungmok , Kim, Seong‐Jun , Kimball, Scot R., Kimchi, Adi , Kimmelman, Alec , Kimura, Tomonori , King, Matthew, Kinsey, Conan G. , Kirshenbaum, Lorrie A. , Kishi, Shuji , Kitamoto, Katsuhiko , Kitaoka, Yasushi , Kitazato, Kaio, Kitsis, Richard N. , Kjærulff, Ole , Klein, Peter S. , Klopstock, Thomas , Klucken, Jochen , Knævelsrud, Helene , Ko, Fred , Kobayashi, Satoru, Koch, Ina , Koch, Jan Christoph , Kögel, Donat , Koh, Young Ho , Kocatürk, Nur Mehpare , Komatsu, Masaaki, König, Jeannette , Kono, Toru, Korkmaz, Gözde , Korsnes, Mónica Suárez , Koskela, Ali , Kota, Janaiah , Kotake, Yaichiro , Kotler, Monica L., Kou, Yanjun , Koukourakis, Michael I., Koustas, Evangelos , Kovács, Tibor , Kovács, Tibor, Kraft, Claudine , Krainc, Dimitri, Krämer, Helmut, Krasnodembskaya, Anna , Kretz‐Remy, Carole , Kroemer, Guido, Kuenen, Sabine , Kuerschner, Lars , Kukar, Thomas , Kumar, Ajay , Kumar, Deepak, Kumar, Dhiraj, Kumar, Sharad , Kume, Shinji , Kumsta, Caroline , Kundu, Chanakya Nath , Kundu, Mondira, Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B. , Kutlu, Özlem , Kwak, SeongAe , Kwon, Yong Tae , Spada, Albert La, Labonté, Patrick , Ladoire, Sylvain , Laface, Ilaria, Lafont, Frank , Lagace, Diane C. , Lahiri, Vikramjit , Lai, Zhibing, Laird, Angela S. , Lakkaraju, Aparna , Lan, Sheng‐Hui , Landajuela, Ane , Lane, Darius J.R. , Lange, Carsten , Langer, Rupert , Lapaquette, Pierre, Laporte, Jocelyn , Lastres-Becker, Isabel, Lau, Wilson Chun Yu , Laurie, Gordon W. , Le, Weidong, Stunff, Hervé Le , Leary, Alexandre Y , Lebrun, Jean-Jacques, Leck, Lionel , Lee, Changwook , Lee, Chung‐Pei , Lee, Da-Hye , Lee, Edward B., Lee, Erinna F. , Lee, Gyun Min, Lee, He-Jin, Lee, Heung Kyu , Lee, Jason S. , Lee, Jin-A, Lee, Joo‐Yong , Lee, Michael , Lee, Min Goo , Lee, Min Jae, Lee, Myung‐Shik , Lee, Sangyoon , Lee, Stella Y. , Lee, Sung, Lee, Won Hee , Lee, Yong‐ho , Lee, Youngil , Lei, Yu L., Lei, Yuchen , Leikin, Sergey , Lemus, Leticia , Leng, Shuilong, Lenoir, Olivia , Lenz, Guido , Lenz, Heinz Josef, Lenzi, Paola, León, Yolanda , Leschczyk, Christoph, Leskelä, Stina, Letellier, Elisabeth , Leung, Chi-Ting, Leung, Po Sing , Leventhal, Jeremy S. , Levine, Beth, Lewis, Patrick A. , Ley, Klaus , Li, Bin , Li, Da‐Qiang , Li, Jian‐Ming , Li, Jiong , Li, Liwu , Li, Mei , Li, Ming , Li, Mingchuan , Li, Pin‐Lan, Li, Ming‐Qing , Li, Qing , Li, Sheng , Li, Wei , Li, Wenming , Li, Xue , Li, Yi-Ping, Li, Yuan , Li, Zhiqiang, Li, Zhiyong , Li, Zhiyuan , Lian, Jiqin, Liang, Chengyu, Liang, Qiangrong, Liang, Weicheng , Liang, Yongheng, Liang, YongTian , Liao, Guanghong , Liao, Lujian , Liao, Yung-Feng, Librizzi, Mariangela, Lie, Pearl P.Y. , Lim, Hyunjung J., Lima, Thania Rios Rossi , Limana, Federica , Lin, Chao , Lin, Chih-Wen, Lin, Dar‐Shong , Lin, Fu‐Cheng , Lin, Jiandie D. , Lin, Kurt M., Lin, Kwang‐Huei , Lin, Qiong, Lin, Shaofeng , Lin, Su-Ju, Lin, Wenyu , Lin, Yao‐Xin , Lin, Yee‐Shin, Linden, Rafael, Lindner, Paula , Lipinski, Marta M. , Lipovšek, Saška, Lisiak, Natalia , Liton, Paloma B. , Liu, Chao , Liu, Ching‐Hsuan , Liu, Fang , Liu, Hua-feng , Liu, Huifang , Liu, Jia , Liu, Jing , Liu, Leyuan, Liu, Wei , Liu, Wende , Liu, Xiao-Hong, Liu, Xu , Liu, Yanfen , Liu, Yang, Liu, Yang, Liu, Yueyang , Liu, Yule , Livingston, J. Andrew, Lizcano, José M. , Ljubojević-Holzer, Senka , Lleonart, Matilde E. , Llobet‐Navàs, David , Llorente, Alicia, Lo, Chih Hung , Lobato‐Márquez, Damián , Long, Yun , Loos, Ben , Loos, Julia A. , López-Doménech, Guillermo, López‐Guerrero, José Antonio , López-Jiménez, Ana T. , López-Pérez, Óscar , López-Valero, Israel, Lorenowicz, Magdalena J. , Lorente, Mar , Lossi, Laura , Lotersztajn, Sophie , Lovell, Jonathan F., Lovy, Alenka , Lőw, Péter, Lu, Guang , Lu, Haocheng , Lu, Jiahong , Lu, Mengji, Lu, Shuyan, Luciani, Alessandro , Lucocq, John M., Ludovico, Paula , Luftig, Micah A. , Luhr, Morten, Luis-Ravelo, Diego , Lum, Julian J., Luna-Dulcey, Liany, Lund, Anders H. , Lund, Viktor K. , Lüningschrör, Patrick , Luo, Honglin, Luo, Rongcan , Luo, Zhi , Luparello, Claudio , Lüscher, Bernhard , Luu, Luan , Lyakhovich, Alex , Lyamzaev, Konstantin G. , Lystad, Alf Håkon , Lytvynchuk, Lyubomyr , Alvin, C. H. , Ma, Ning-Fang, Ma, Quanhong , Ma, Xinliang , Ma, Yueyun , Ma, Zhenyi , MacDougald, Ormond A. , MacIntosh, Gustavo C. , Macleod, Kay F. , Maday, Sandra , Madeo, Frank , Madesh, Muniswamy , Madl, Tobias , Madrigal‐Matute, Julio , Maeda, Akiko, Maejima, Yasuhiro , Magariños, Marta , Mahavadi, Poornima , Maiani, Emiliano , Maiese, Kenneth , Maiti, Panchanan , Maiuri, Maria Chiara , Major, Michael Ben, Makareeva, Elena , Malik, Fayaz , Mallilankaraman, Karthik , Maloyan, Alina , Mammadova, Najiba, Man, Gene Chi Wai , Manai, Federico , Mancias, Joseph D. , Mandelkow, Eva‐Maria , Manfredi, Angelo A. , Manshian, Bella B. , Manzano, Raquel , Marchese, Chiara , Marchetti, Sandrine , Marcucci, F, Mardente, Stefania , Mareninova, Olga A. , Mari, Muriel , Marinelli, Sara , Mariño, Guillermo , Mariotto, Sofia , Martin, Alexandre , Martin, Katie R. , Martin, Sara L. , Martín‐Segura, Adrián , Martin-Burriel, Inmaculada, Martín-Rincón, Marcos , Martín‐Sanz, Paloma , Martinez, Aitor , Martı́nez, Ana , Martinez-Lopez, Nuria, Martínez‐Vicente, Marta , Martins, Daniel Oliveira , Martins, Joilson O. , Martins, Waleska K. , Martins-Marques, Tania, Marzetti, Emanuele , Masaldan, Shashank , Masclaux-Daubresse, Celine, Mashek, Douglas G. , Massa, Valentina , Massieu, Lourdes , Masyuk, Anatoliy I. , Masyuk, Tetyana V., Matheu, Ander , Matoba, Satoaki , Matsuzaki, Sachiko , Mattar, Pamela , Mattè, Alessandro , Mauriz, José L., Mauthe, Mario , Maycotte, Paola , Mayer, Johanna , Mazzoni, Cristina , Mazzulli, Joseph R. , McCarty, Nami , McGill, Mitchell R. , McKenna, Sharon L. , McLoughlin, Fionn , McNiven, Mark A., McWilliams, Thomas G. , Medeiros, Tania , Medina, Diego L., Megeney, Lynn A. , Megyeri, Klára , Mehrpour, Maryam , Mehta, Jawahar L. , Meijer, Alfred J., Mejlvang, Jakob , Meléndez, Alicia , Melk, Annette, Memişoğlu, Gönen , Mendes, A.F. , Meng, Delong , Meng, Fei, Mercier, A., Mergny, Jean‐Louis , Merkley, Seth D. , Meske, Volker, Mestre, Ana Cecilia, Metur, Shree Padma, Meyer, C., Meyer, Hemmo , Mi, Wenyi , Mialet‐Perez, Jeanne , Miao, Jun‐Ying, Micale, Lucia , Miki, Yasuo, Milan, Enrico , Milczarek, Małgorzata , Miller, Samuel I. , Millward, Steven W. , Mirzaei, Hamed, Mirzaei, Hamid Reza , Mirzaei, Mehdi , Mishra, Amit , Mishra, Nandita , Mishra, Paras Kumar, Misirkić, Maja , Misasi, Roberta, Misra, Amit , Misso, Gabriella , Mitchell, Claire H. , Mitou, Géraldine, Miura, Tetsuji , Miyazaki, Makoto, Miyazaki, Mitsunori , Miyazaki, Taiga , Miyazawa, Keisuke, Mizushima, Noboru , Mogensen, Trine H. , Mohammadinejad, Reza , Mohamud, Yasir , Mohanty, Abhishek , Möhlmann, Torsten , Moley, Kelle H. , Möller, Andreas, Mollereau, Bertrand , Mollinedo, Faustino, Montagna, Costanza , Monteiro, Mervyn J. , Montella, Andrea , Montes, L. 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David , Sze, Stephen Cho Wing , Szewczyk, Nathaniel J. , Tabęcka-Łonczynska, Anna, Tabolacci, Claudio , Taegtmeyer, Heinrich, Tagaya, Mitsuo , Tai, Haoran , Tait, Stephen W. G., Takahashi, Yoshinori , Tam, Chit , Tam, Shing Yau , Tampellini, Davide , Tamura, Atsushi , Tan, Eng-King, Tan, Ya‐Qin , Tanaka, Masaki , Tang, Daolin , Tang, Jingfeng , Tang, Tie-Shan , Tao, Zhipeng , Taouis, Mohammed , Tavernarakis, Nektarios, Taylor, Allen, Teixeira, Natércia , Tekirdağ, Kumsal Ayşe, Tencomnao, Tewin , Tenreiro, Sandra , Tharaux, Pierre‐Louis , Thedieck, Kathrin , Thekkinghat, Arvind A. , Thinwa, Josephine , Thirumalaikumar, Venkatesh P. , Thomes, Paul G. , Thorburn, Andrew , Thum, Thomas, Thumm, Michael , Tian, Ling, Tichý, Aleš , Timmerman, Vincent , Titorenko, Vladimir I. , Toivonen, Janne M. , Tomaipitinca, Luana , Tomar, Dhanendra , Tomás‐Zapico, Cristina , Tomić, Sergej , Tong, Chao, Tong, Xin , Torgersen, Maria L., Torii, Satoru , Torres-López, Liliana , Torriglia, Alicia , Towers, Christina G. , Towns, Roberto, Tran, Quynh‐Giao , Travassos, Leonardo H. , Tremel, Shirley , Trougakos, Ioannis P., Tsao, Betty P. , Tse, Tak Fu, Tsvetkov, Andrey S. , Tumbarello, David A. , Tyler, Jessica K., Tyutereva, Elena V. , Uchiyama, Yasuo , Ugun‐Klusek, Aslihan , Uhlig, Holm H. , Ułamek-Kozioł, Marzena, Ulasov, Ilya V. , Umekawa, Midori, Ungermann, Christian , Urbe, Sylvie, Uribe-Carretero, Elisabet , Uversky, Vladimir N. , Vaccaro, María I. , Vahsen, Björn F. , Vakifahmetoglu-Norberg, Helin, Valdor, Rut , Valente, Maria João , Valko, Ayelén , Vallée, Richard, Valverde, Ángela M. , Berghe, Greet Van den, Veen, Stijn van der , Kaer, Luc Van , Loosdregt, Jorg van , Wijk, Sjoerd J. L. van , Vandenberghe, Wim , Vanhorebeek, Ilse , Vannier-Santos, Marcos A., Vannini, Nicola , Vanrell, M. Cristina, Vantaggiato, Chiara , Varela‐Nieto, Isabel , Varga, Máté , Vasconcelos, M. Helena , Vats, Somya , Vega-Rubín-de-Celis, Silvia , Velasco, Guillermo , Velázquez, Ariadna P., Vellai, Tibor , Vellenga, Edo , Verdier, Mireille , Verginis, Panayotis , Vergne, Isabelle , Verkade, Paul , Verma, Manish , Verstreken, Patrik , Vervliet, Tim , Vervoorts, Jörg , Víctor, Víctor M., Vidoni, Chiara , Vieira, Otília V. , Vierstra, Richard D., Viganò, Sonia , Vihinen, Helena , Vijayan, Vinoy, Vila, Miquel , Villalba, José M., Villalobo, Antonio , Villarejo‐Zori, Beatriz , Vincent, Olivier , Vindis, Cécile , Viret, Christophe , Vocadlo, David J. , Voitsekhovskaja, Olga V. , Volonté, Cinzia , Volta, Mattia , Vomero, Marta , Haefen, Clarissa von, Vooijs, Marc , Voos, Wolfgang , Vučićević, Ljubica , Waguri, Satoshi , Waite, Kenrick A., Wakatsuki, Shuji , Walker, David W., Walker, Mark J. , Walter, Jochen, Wandosell, Francisco , Wang, Bo , Wang, Chao-Yung, Wang, Chen , Wang, Chenran, Wang, Chenwei , Wang, Cun-Yu, Wang, Fengming, Wang, Han, Wang, Hexiang , Wang, Hong‐Gang , Wang, Jianrong, Wang, Jigang , Wang, Jun-Dong , Wang, Kui , Wang, Lianrong, Wang, Liming , Wang, Maggie Haitian, Wang, Meiqing , Wang, Nanbu , Wang, Pengwei , Wang, Ping , Wang, Ping, Wang, Q., Wang, Qiong , Wang, Wentao , Wang, Xinnan, Wang, Xuejun , Wang, Yan, Wang, Yanchang , Wang, Yanzhuang , Wang, Yihua , Wang, Yu , Wang, Yuqi , Wang, Zhe, Wang, Zhenyu , Wang, Zhouguang , Watanabe, Eizo, Watchon, Maxinne , Wawrzyńska, Anna , Weaver, Timothy E., Węgrzyn, Grzegorz, Wehman, Ann M. , Wei, Huafeng , Wei, Taotao , Wei, Yongjie, Weiergräber, Oliver H. , Weihl, Conrad C., Weindl, Günther , Weiskirchen, Ralf , Wen, Runxia H. , Werner, Antonia, Weykopf, Beatrice , Whitton, J. Lindsay , Wiktorska, Katarzyna , Wildenberg, Manon E. , Wileman, Tom, Wilkinson, Simon , Williams, Brett, Williams, Robin S. B. , Williamson, Peter R. , Wilson, Richard A. , Winsor, Nathaniel J. , Wodrich, Harald , Woehlbier, Ute , Wollert, Thomas , Wong, Richard W., Wong, Vincent Kam Wai , Wong, W. Wei-Lynn, Wu, Anguo , Wu, Kenneth K., Wu, Shan‐Ying , Wu, William Ka Kei , Wu, Shufang, Wu, Xiaoqing , Wu, Yao‐Wen , Wu, Yihua , Xavier, Ramnik J. , Xia, Hongguang , Xia, Lixin , Xia, Zhengyuan , Ge, Xiang , Xiang, Jin , Xiang, Mingliang , Xiang, Wei , Xiao, Guozhi , Xiao, Hengyi , Xiao, Hongtao , Xiao, Jian, Xiao, Lan , Xiao, Shi , Xiao, Yin , Xie, Baoming, Xie, Zhiping , Xie, Min , Xie, Yuxiang , Xie, Zhonglin, Xilouri, Maria , Xu, En , Xu, Jin‐Rong , Xu, Liang , Xu, Xiulong , Xue, Yu , Yakhine-Diop, Sokhna M. S. , Yamaguchi, Masamitsu , Yamamoto, Ai , Yamashina, Shunhei, Yan, Shengmin , Yan, Shian-Jang, Yan, Zhen , Yang, Chuanbin , Yang, Dun-Sheng, Yang, Huan , Yang, Huang-Tian, Yang, Hui , Yang, Jing , Yang, Jingyu , Yang, Ling , Liu, Yang , Yang, Ming , Yang, Seungwon, Yang, Shu , Yang, Shun-Fa , Yang, Wannian, Yang, Wei , Yang, Xiaoyong , Yang, Yi , Yao, Xiaoqiang , Yao, Yong-Gang , Yao, Yong-ming, Yasui, Takahiro , Yazdankhah, Meysam, Yi, Cong , Yin, Xiao-Ming , Yin, Yanhai , Yin, Zhangyuan , Yin, Ziyi , Ying, Meidan , Ying, Zheng, Yip, Calvin K. , Yiu, Stephanie Pei Tung , Yoo, Young Hyun , Yoshimori, Tamotsu, Yousefi, Bahman, Yu, Boxuan , Yu, Haiyang , Yu, Jun, Li, Yu , Yu, Ming‐Lung , Yu, Seong-Woon, Yu, Victor C. , Yu, Zhengping, Yuan, Junying , Yuan, Ling‐Qing , Yuan, Shilin , Yuan, Yanggang , Yuan, Zengqiang , Yue, Jianbo , Yue, Zhenyu , Yung, Raymond , Zacks, David, Zaffagnini, Gabriele , Zambelli, Vanessa O. , Zanella, Isabella , Zang, Qun S. , Zanivan, Sara , Zappavigna, Silvia , Zaragoza, P. , Zarbalis, Konstantinos S., Zarebkohan, Amir , Zarrouk, Amira , Zeitlin, Scott, Zeng, Jialiu , Zeng, Judeng , Žerovnik, Eva , Zhan, Lixuan , Zhang, Donna D., Zhang, Hong , Zhang, Honghe , Zhang, Huafeng , Zhang, Huaye, Zhang, Huiling , Zhang, Jianbin , Zhang, Jingpu , Zhang, Kalin Yanbo , Zhang, Leshuai W. , Zhang, Lu , Zhang, Luoying , Zhang, Menghuan, Zhang, Peng , Zhang, Sheng , Zhang, Xiangnan, Zhang, Xiao-Wei, Zhang, Xiaolei , Zhang, Xiaoyan , Zhang, Xin , Zhang, Xinxin , Zhang, Yang, Zhang, Yi , Zhang, Yingdong , Zhang, Yuanyuan , Zhang, Yuchen , Zhang, Zhe , Zhang, Zhibing , Zhang, Zili , Zhao, Haobin, Zhao, Lei , Zhao, Shuang , Zhao, Tongbiao , Zhao, Ying, Zhao, Yongchao , Zhao, Yongliang , Zhao, Yuting , Zheng, Guoping , Zheng, Kai, Zheng, Ling , Zheng, Shizhong , Zheng, Xi‐Long , Zheng, Zu‐Guo , Zhivotovsky, Boris, Zhong, Qing , Zhou, Ao, Zhou, Ben , Zhou, Cefan , Zhou, Gang , Zhou, Hongbo , Zhou, Kailiang, Zhou, Rongjia , Zhou, Yanshuang, Zhou, Yinghong , Zhou, Yubin , Zhou, Zhengyu, Zhou, Zhou , Zhu, Binglin , Zhu, Changlian , Zhu, Guo‐Qing , Zhu, Haining , Zhu, Hongxin, Zhu, Yanping , Zhu, Yushan , Zhuang, Haixia , Zhuang, Xiaohong , Zimmermann, Christine , Żołądek, Teresa , Zong, Wei‐Xing, Zorov, Dmitry B. , Zorzano, Antonio, Zou, Weiping, Zou, Zhen , Zou, Zhengzhi, Zuryn, Steven , Kenchappa, Chandra Shekar, Li, Zuguo , Lin, Yong , Sluimer, Judith C. , Stallings, Christina L. , Tong, Chun-Kit, Wang, Ping , Hu, Bo , Lee, Edward B. , Tse, Hung‐Fat , Suszták, Katalin , Lei, Yu Leo , Yu, M-L , Dai, Yun , Bartolome, Alberto , Brown, Rhoderick E , Passos, João F , Paneni, Francesco , Sahin, Özgür , Pereira de Almeida, Luis , Ren, Jun , Bornhauser, Beat , Kumar, Sharad , Sampaio-Marques, Belém , Ludovico, Paula , Luftig, Micah , Begun, Jakob , Krasnodembskaya, Anna D , Dafsari, Hormos Salimi , Chevet, Eric , Tse, Hung-Fat , Barmada, Sami , Ebrahimi-Fakhari, Darius , Cavadas, Claudia , Sue, Carolyn M , Cardenal-Muñoz, Elena , Lee, Edward B , Golebiewska, Anna , Calbet, Jose A L , Boya, Patricia , Maday, Sandra , Klionsky, Daniel J. , Abdelfatah, Sara , Abdoli, Asghar , Agarwal, Anupam , Ahmed, Zubair M. , Alcocer‐Gómez, Elísabet , Ali, Muhammad , Al‐Bari, Md. Abdul Alim , Aliwaini, Saeb H. , Alizadeh, Javad , Almacellas, Eugènia , Almasan, Alexandru , Alonso, G. , Altieri, Dario C. , Andersen, Stig Uggerhøj , Andrade-Silva, Magaiver , Angelini, Sabrina , Apostolova, Nadezda , Arasaki, Kohei , Araújo, Wagner L. , Arden, Catherine , Arimoto, Hirokazu , Armstrong-James, Darius P. H. , Pelloquin, Laetitia , Aschner, Michael , Ashrafizadeh, Milad , Autelli, Riccardo , Aveic, Sanja , Avin‐Wittenberg, Tamar , Ayton, Scott , Backues, Steven K. , Bae, Dong-Hun , Bae, Ok‐Nam , Baek, Ahruem , Baek, Seung‐Hoon , Baek, Sung Hee , Bai, Jie , Bai, Yidong , Baldari, Cosima T. , Balduini, Walter , Ballabio, Andrea , Banerjee, Sreeparna , Bao, Yan , Baptista, Maurı́cio S. , Barreto, George Emilio , Basagoudanavar, Suresh H. , Bast, Robert C. , Basu, Alakananda , Batoko, Henri , Batten, Isabella , Behrens, Georg M. N. , Bei, Roberto , Behl, Christian , Bello‐Morales, Raquel , Beltrán, Sebastián , Bergami, Matteo , Bergmann, Andreas , Berthoux, Lionel , Bhattacharya, Resham , Bhattacharyya, Shalmoli , Bhutia, Sujit Kumar , Bi, Lanrong , Birgisdottir, Åsa Birna , Bjørkøy, Geir , Blomgren, Klas , Boada-Romero, Emilio , Boesze‐Battaglia, Kathleen , Bonifacino, Juan S. , Boone, Brian A. , Borthakur, Gautam , Bosch, Jürgen , Bose, Santanu , Botana, Luis Miguel , Boulton, Michael E. , Bourdenx, Mathieu , Brackney, Doug E. , Brandts, Christian , Braun, Ralf J. , Braus, Gerhard H. , Bravo, Roberto , Brody, Steven L. , Brown, Carolyn Nicole , Brumell, John Hunter , Brunetti‐Pierri, Nicola , Buitrago‐Molina, Laura Elisa , Buraschi, Simone , Buch, Shilpa J. , Butturini, Elena , Cairó, Montserrat , Caldwell, Kim A. , Campbell‐Valois, François‐Xavier , Campello, Silvia , Campesi, Ilaria , Almeida, Danilo Cândido de , Canesi, Laura , Caraglia, Michele , Carchman, Evie H. , Carmona‐Gutiérrez, Didac , Carnevali, Oliana , Carrier, Lucie , Carroll, Bernadette , Carter, A. Brent , Casas, Caty , Castillo, Eliseo F. , Castro‐Caldas, Margarida , Castro‐Obregón, Susana , Catz, Sergio , Cayuela, María Luisa , Cecarini, Valentina , Cecconi, Francesco , Cenci, Simone , Ceperuelo‐Mallafré, Victòria , Cervia, Davide , Chae, Han–Jung , Chakrabarti, Oishee , Chan, Edmond Y. W., Chan, Edward D. , Chandra, Partha Kumar , Chang, Chih‐Peng , Chang, Chunmei , Chapman, Tracey , Chen, Guang‐Chao , Chen, Leilei , Chen, Lin , Chen, Quan , Chen, Ruey‐Hwa , Chen, Shi , Chen, Wei‐Qiang , Chen, Xu , Chen, Yu-Jen , Chen, Yujie , Chen, Zhi , Chen, Zhijian J. , Chen, Zhixiang , Cheng, Hanhua , Cheng, Jun , Cheng, Shi‐Yuan , Cheng, Wei Nee , Cheng, Xiaodong , Chen, Zhong , Cheong, Heesun , Chernyak, Boris V. , Chi, Richard J., Chiang, Aks , Chiarelli, Roberto , Chu, Charleen T. , Chung, Seockhoon , Cianfanelli, Valentina , Cifuentes, Mariana , Cirone, Mara , Clague, Michael J. , Cohen, Ehud , Cohen, Mickaël M. , Čolić, Miodrag J , Combaret, Lydie , Comincini, Sergio , Conte, Andrea, Conti, Fabrizio , Coppens, Isabelle , Corasaniti, Maria Tiziana , Corkery, Dale , Cordes, Nils , Cortese, Katia , Coto‐Montes, Ana M. , Crack, Peter John , Crespo, José L. , Cuadrado, Antonio , Cui, Jun , Cui, Yong , D’Arcangelo, Daniela , D’Lugos, Andrew C. , Dagda, Ruben Karim , Dagdas, Yasin , Daμμe, Markus , Dantuma, Nico P. , Darling, April L. , Dasarathy, Srinivasan , Daumke, Oliver , Davis, Tanja , Amicis, Francesca De , Felice, Francesca De , Franceschi, Lucia De , Milito, Angelo De , Nunzio, Cosimo De , Santi, Mauro De , Debnath, Jayanta , DeBosch, Brian J. , DeGregori, James V. , Rio, Gabriel del , Delbridge, Lea M.D. , Delpino, M. Victoria , Demarchi, Francesca , Dembitz, Vilma , Deng, Zhiqiang , Denton, Donna , Der, Channing J , Deretić, Vojo , Dhiman, Rohan , Bernardo, Diego di , Cristina, Manlio Di , Nardo, Alessia Di, Sano, Federica Di , Diallinas, George , Diaz-Araya, Guillermo, Đikić, Ivan , Ding, Wen‐Xing , Dini, Luciana , Dionne, Marc , Diwan, Abhinav , Dixon, Ian , Djavaheri‐Mergny, Mojgan , Dobrinski, Ina , Dobrovinskaya, Oxana R. , Dobrowolski, Radek , Dobson, Renwick C. J. , Donadelli, Massimo , Dong, Bo, Dötsch, Volker , Dou, Huan , Dridi, Sami , Du, Caigan , Du, Li‐Lin , Dubrovska, Anna , Dunlop, Elaine A. , Dwarakanath, Bilikere Srinivasa Rao , Eftekharpour, Eftekhar , Eichinger, Ludwig , Eissa, N. Tony , Eissa, Sanaa , El‐Naggar, Shahenda , Eliopoulos, Aristides G. , Elks, Philip M. , Emerling, Brooke M. , Engelbrecht, Anna‐Mart , Escobar‐Henriques, Mafalda , Fabriàs, Gemma , Fabrizi, Cinzia , Falkenburger, Björn H. , Fan, Yanbo , Fanto, Manolis , Feng, Du , Feng, Yibin , Feng, Yuchen , Fernández-Checa, José Carlos , Filippi‐Chiela, Eduardo Cremonese , Filomeni, Giuseppe , Fineschi, Vittorio , Flamigni, Flavio , Follo, Carlo , Fon, Edward A , Fornai, Francesco , Fraldi, Alessandro , Franco, Brunella , Franco, Rodrigo , Friedman, Scott L. , Frühbeck, Gema , Fujita, Naonobu , Fujiwara, Yuuki , Fukuda, Mitsunori , Furic, Luc , Fusco, Carmela , Galluzzi, Lorenzo, Gan, Boyi , Gao, Hui , Gao, Shou‐Jiang , Gargini, Ricardo , Garry, Robert F. , Ge, Liang , Ge, Wanzhong , Gelfi, Cecilia , Gentle, Ian Edward , Gewirtz, David A , Ghigo, Alessandra , Giampietri, Claudia , Gibson, Spencer B. , Giniger, Edward , Giorgi, Carlotta , Girão, Henrique , Goldstone, David C. , Gomez‐Puerto, Maria Catalina , Goñi, Félix M. , González‐Hernández, Tomás , Gorbatyuk, Marina S. , Goruppi, Sandro , Gottlieb, Roberta A. , Gozes, Illana , Green, Douglas R. , Grinstaff, Mark W. , Grune, Tilman , Guntur, Anyonya R. , Guo, Lian‐Wang , Gupta, Shashi Kumar , Gustafsson, Åsa B. , Haapasalo, Annakaisa , Hadano, Shinji , Hafrén, Anders , Hall, Belinda S. , Hamann, Andréa , Han, Weidong , Hanson, Phyllis I. , Haroon, Nigil , Harris, James , Hasegawa, Takafumi , Nagoor, Noor Hasima , Hay, Bruce A. , Hayrabedyan, Soren , He, Yu‐Ying , Helgason, G. Vignir , Hergovich, Alexander , Hernández–Gea, Virginia , Heussler, Volker Theo , Hlavacek, William S. , Hobbs, G. Aaron , Hochstrasser, Mark , Hofman, Paul , Holmberg, Carina I. , Hombrebueno, José R. , Hoppe, Thorsten , Horos, Rastislav , Hoshida, Yujin , Hsu, Hsin‐Yun , Hu, Li‐Fang , Hu, Ming Chang , Hu, Ronggui , Hu, Yu‐Chen , Hua, Fang , Hua, Jinlian, Hua, Yingqi , Huang, Canhua , Huang, Chuanxin , Huang, Kun , Huang, Rui , Huber, Tobias Bruno , Humbert, Magali , Hussey, Patrick J. , Hwang, Hui‐Yun , Hwang, Seungmin , Imai, Yuzuru , Iovanna, Juan , Ippolito, Giuseppe , Irazoqui, Javier E. , Ishaq, Mohd, Ishikawa, Makoto , Isidoro, Ciro , Izumi, Masanori , Jäättelä, Marja , Jabir, Majid Sakhi , Jackson, William T. , Jacomin, Anne‐Claire , Jakobi, Arjen J. , Jantsch, Jonathan , Jassey, Alagie , Jean, Steve , Jendelová, Pavla , Jewell, Jenna L. , Ji, Jing , Jiang, Liwen , Jin, Eun‐Jung , Jin, Hongchuan , Jin, Meiyan , Jo, Eun‐Kyeong , Johansen, Terje , Johnson, Gail V.W. , Jolly, Mohit Kumar , Joosten, Leo A. B. , Jordán, Joaquı́n , Joseph, Bertrand , Ju, Dianwen , Ju, Jeong-Sun , Ju, Jingfang , Judith, Delphine , Jung, Yong‐Keun , Kaarniranta, Kai , Kabuta, Tomohiro , Kahana, Alon , Kaminskyy, Vitaliy O. , Kanasaki, Keizo , Kanthasamy, Anumantha G. , Karamouzis, Michalis V. , Karmakar, Parimal , Katare, Rajesh , Kaufmann, Stefan H. E. , Kaushik, Susmita , Kawasaki, Kiyoshi, Ke, Po‐Yuan , Keating, Damien J. , Kehrl, John H. , Keller, Christian W. , Kemper, Jongsook Kim , Kermorgant, Stéphanie , Ketteler, Robin , Khambu, Bilon , Kim, Deok Ryong, Kim, Eun Young , Kim, Jin Kyung , Kim, Jin‐Hoi , Kim, Ju Hwan , Kim, Keun Il , Kim, Peter Kijun , Kinghorn, Kerri J. , Kirkin, Vladimir , Киселев, С. Л. , Kittler, Josef T. , Knorr, Roland L. , Ko, Ben C.B. , Ko, Jiunn‐Liang , Kobayashi, Hotaka , Koenig, Ulrich , Koike, Masato , Kohlwein, Sepp Dieter , Komatsu, Masaaki , Kopp, Benjamin T. , Korcsmaros, Tamas Douglas , Korolchuk, Viktor I. , Kotler, Mónica L. , Koukourakis, Michael Ioannis , Kovács, Tibor, Koya, Daisuke , Kozako, Tomohiro , Krämer, Helmut , Kroemer, Guido , Ktistakis, Nicholas T. , Kuchitsu, Kazuyuki , Kumar, Ashok , Kumar, Deepak, Kundu, Mondira , Kurgan, Lukasz , Kutateladze, Tatiana G. , Kwon, Ho Jeong , Kwon, Taeg Kyu , Kyrmizi, Irene , Spada, Albert R. La , Lai, Zhibing, Lamark, Trond , Lane, Jon D. , Lang, Charles H. , Lange, Carsten, Langel, Ülo , Lapaquette, Pierre , LaRusso, Nicholas F. , Lastres‐Becker, Isabel , Lavandero, Sergio , Law, Hkw , Layfield, Robert , Leduc‐Gaudet, Jean‐Philippe , Lee, He-Jin, Lee, Jae Man , Lee, Jun Hee , Lee, Seung‐Jae , Lee, Ying‐Ray , Lefebvre, Christophe , Legouis, Renaud , Leitinger, Gerd , Lenz, Heinz Josef, León, Yolanda, Leopoldino, Andréia Machado , Leung, Chi-Ting, Levine, Beth , Li, Jing , Li, Ke, Li, Min , Li, Min , Li, Pin‐Lan , Li, Tiangang , Li, Zhiqiang, Lian, Jiqin , Liang, Chengyu, Liang, Qiangrong , Liao, Mingzhi , Lilly, Mary A. , Lin, Liang , Lin, Pei‐Hui , Lin, Xueying , Linden, Rafael , Ling, Shuo‐Chien , Lingor, Paul , Linnemann, Amelia K , Liou, Yih‐Cherng , Lira, Vitor Agnew , Liu, Chunfeng , Liu, Cui Hua , Liu, Hao , Liu, Hsiao‐Sheng , Liu, Julia C. , Liu, Longhua , Liu, Meilian , Liu, Qin , Liu, Xiao-Hong, Liu, Xiaodong , Liu, Xingguo , Liu, Xuedong , Liu, Yang, Liu, Yang, Lizard, Gérard , Llorente, Alicia , Long, Qi , Long, Yun Chau, López, Manuela G. , Lőrincz, Péter , Lovat, Penny E. , Lu, Jin‐Jian , Lum, Julian J., Lünemann, Jan D. , Luo, Shouqing , Ma, Changle , Ma, Mengxiao , Ma, Ning‐Fang , Macián, Fernando , MacKeigan, Jeffrey P. , Majello, Barbara , Malorni, Walter , Mandell, Michael A. , Manjili, Masoud H. , Manjithaya, Ravi R. , Manque, Patrício , Manzoni, Claudia , Mao, Kai, Marconi, Anna Maria , Margeta, Marta , Marinelli, Oliviero , Marshall, Richard Scott , Marten, Mark R. , Martens, Sascha , Martin, Sara, Martín-Acebes, Miguel A. , Martín‐Burriel, Inmaculada , Martina, José A. , Martinet, Wim , Martinez, Jennifer , Martínez‐Velázquez, Moisés , Martinez-Lopez, Nuria, Martins‐Marques, Tânia , Masclaux‐Daubresse, Céline , Masson, Glenn Robert , Masuelli, Laura , Masyuk, Tetyana V., Matarrese, Paola , Mattoscio, Domenico , Mauriz, Jose Luis , Mauvezin, Caroline , Maverakis, Emanual Michael , Mazzoccoli, Gianluigi , McDonald, Christine , McLaughlin, BethAnn , Mechta‐Grigoriou, Fatima , Meijer, Annemarie H. , Meng, Tian, Menna‐Barreto, Rubem F. S. , Menon, Manoj B., Mercer, Carol A. , Mercier, Anne E., Merighi, Adalberto , Merla, Giuseppe , Miller, Dana L. , Miller, Silke , Milošević, Ira , Minina, Elena A. , Mirzaei, Mehdi, Mishra, Paras Kumar , Miyamoto, Shigeki, Miyazawa, Keisuke, Mograbi, Baharia , Mohanty, Abhishek , Mohapatra, Sipra , Mohmmed, Asif , Moles, Anna , Molinari, Maurizio , Mollace, Vincenzo , Møller, Andreas Buch , Mora, Ana Lucia , Mora, Marina, Morelli, Elena, Moreno, Sandra , Moresi, Viviana , Morga, Benjamín , Moritz, Orson L. , Moriyama, Mariko, Mostowy, Serge , Moustaïd‐Moussa, Naïma , Muller, Sylviane , Munjal, Ashok Kumar , Muñoz‐Cánoves, Pura , Münz, Christian , Muratori, Claudia, Murphy, John Patrick , Nabissi, Massimo , Nah, Jihoon , Nakagawa, Ichiro, Nakatogawa, Hitoshi , Nardacci, Roberta , Narita, Masashi , Neri, Luca Maria , Neufeld, Thomas P. , Nezis, Ioannis P. , Ni, Hong‐Min , Nicolao, María Celeste , Nilsson, Per Gunnar , Ning, Shunbin , Nóbrega, Clévio , Nolan, Trevor M. , Novak, Ivana, Nozawa, Takashi , Nussbaum-Krammer, Carmen I. , O’Sullivan, Timothy E., Oehme, Ina , Ohmuraya, Masaki , Okamoto, Koji , Oku, Masahide, Omary, M. Bishr , Önal, Gizem , Ong, Sang‐Ging , Ortona, Elena , Osta, Rosario , Otegui, Marisa S. , Ottobrini, Luisa , Outeiro, Tiago F. , Øynebråten, Inger , Pajvani, Utpal B. , Pallet, Nicolas , Palumbo, Camilla , Pampaloni, Francesco , Pan, Lifeng , Pan, Wenliang, Pandey, Udai Bhan , Panzarini, Elisa , Papaleo, Elena , Park, Eun Chan , Park, Joon Tae , Park, Sang Chul , Parola, Abraham H. , Parys, Jan B. , Patel, Hemal H. , Patschan, Daniel , Pei, Jianming, Peled‐Zehavi, Hadas , Penna, Fabio , Pérez-Lara, Ángel , Pérez‐Pérez, María Esther , Periyasamy, Palsamy , Perrotta, Cristiana , Perrotta, Ida Daniela , Petersen, Morten , Petrache, Irina , Philips, Jennifer A. , Picca, Anna , Pierdominici, Marina , Pietrocola, Federico , Pignata, Claudio , Pinton, Paolo , Plantinga, Theo S. , Plaza‐Zabala, Ainhoa , Plotnikov, Egor Y. , Plun‐Favreau, Hélène , Pluta, Ryszard , Popova, Blagovesta, Porta, Helena , Post, Martin , Poulton, Joanna , Promponas, Vasilis J. , Proud, Christopher G. , Puri, Rajat , Qi, Xiaopeng , Qian, Wenbin , Qiang, Lei , Qiu, Yu, Quarleri, Jorge Fabián , Ragusa, Michael J. , Rahimi, Nader , Rangarajan, Pundi Narasimhan , Rao, Lang , Rao, Rekha, Razani, Babak , Régnier, Jean-Claude , Reichert, Andreas S , Reue, Karen , Ricci, Jean‐Ehrland , Ricci, Roméo , Rikihisa, Yasuko , Roberts, Helen C., Roberts, Luke D., Roccheri, Maria Carmela , Rodney, George Gerald , Rodrigues, Tiago, Rodrı́guez, Amaia , Barrueco, Ruth Rodriguez , Rodríguez‐Rocha, Humberto , Roelofs, Jeroen , Rolka, Krzysztof , Romeo-Guitart, David , Roperto, Sante , Roth, Kevin A. , Roth, Lynn , Rovere‐Querini, Patrizia , Rubinsztein, David Chaim , Rudolf, Emil, Rudolf, Rüdiger, Ryan, Kevin M. , Ryu, Kwon‐Yul , Sachdev, Ulka , Sacher, Michael, Sadoshima, Junichi , Safren, Nathaniel , Sagona, Antonia P. , Sahay, Gaurav , Sahebkar, Amirhossein , Sahin, Ozgur, Sahni, Sumit , Saito, Shigeru , Sakai, Ryohei , Sanderson, J. Thomas , Sandri, Marco F. , Santaguida, Stefano , Sanz, Alberto, Sanz, Pascual , Sathyanarayanan, Ranganayaki, Schaefer, Liliana , Scharl, Michael M. , Schätzl, Hermann M. , Scheper, Wiep , Scheuring, David , Schott, Micah B. , Schramm, Michael, Schröder, Bernd, Schüller, Christoph, Scialò, Filippo , Sciarretta, Sebastiano , Scovassi, Anna Ivana , Segatori, Laura , Seiliez, Iban , Seki, Ekihiro , Sellke, Frank W. , Sergi, Consolato Maria , Settembre, Carmine , Shao, Changshun , Sheng, Zhi , Shi, Xiaobing , Shimozawa, Makoto, Shoji, Ikuo, Shridhar, Viji , Shu, Hong‐Bing , Sierra, Amanda , Sierra‐Torre, Virginia , Sil, Payel , Simon, Anna Katharina , Simon, Hans‐Uwe , Simons, Matias , Singh, Lalit Pukhrambam , Sirohi, Kapil , Sivridis, Efthimios , Skirycz, Aleksandra , Slaninová, Iva , Smaili, Soraya Soubhi , Smertenko, Andrii , Smith, Matthew D., Soenen, Stefaan J. , Solaini, Giancarlo , Soleimanpour, Scott A. , Solovchenko, Alexei E. , Song, Fuyong, Song, Ju‐Xian , Song, Zhiyin , Soria, Leandro R. , Spagnuolo, Paul A. , Spector, Stephen A. , Stalnecker, Clint A. , Stefan, Katja, Stefanis, Leonidas , Stenmark, Harald , Stevens, Craig, Stoka, Veronika , Stork, Björn , Su, Longxiang , Subauste, Carlos S. , Subbian, Selvakumar , Sun, Jun , Sun, Kang, Sun, Meng‐Xiang , Sun, Qiming , Sun, Yi Ning , Sundberg, Eva , Tabęcka-Łonczyńska, Anna , Tacke, Frank , Tafani, Marco , Tait, Stephen W. G. , Takáts, Szabolcs , Talwar, Priti , Tan, Chong Teik , Tanaka, Motomasa , Tanida, Isei , Tatenhorst, Lars , Tavernarakis, Nektarios, Taylor, Allen, Taylor, Gregory A., Taylor, Joan M. , Tchetina, Elena V. , Tee, Andrew R. , Tegeder, Irmgard , Teis, David , Teixeira-Clerc, Fatima , Tekirdağ, Kumsal Ayşe, Tepikin, Alexei V. , Testillano, Pilar S. , Tettamanti, Gianluca , Thellung, Stefano , Thomas, Sufi Mary , Thukral, Lipi , Till, Andreas , Todi, Sokol V. , Todorova, Krassimira O. , Tong, Benjamin Chun‐Kit , Tooze, Sharon A. , Torgersen, Maria Lyngaas , Toyokuni, Shinya , Trajković, Vladimir , Tramontano, Donatella , Trelford, Charles B. , Triola, Gemma , Tschan, Mario P. , Tse, Hung‐Fat , Tsugawa, Hitoshi , Tümtaş, Yasin , Tuñón, María Jesús , Turcotte, Sandra , Turk, Boris , Türk, Vito , Turner, Bradley J. , Tuxworth, Richard I. , Unno, Rei , Urbé, Sylvie , Üstün, Şuayib , Vaccari, Thomas , Vakifahmetoglu-Norberg, Helin , Vanrell, María Cristina , Varano, Gabriele , Vavvas, Demetrios G. , Vega‐Naredo, Ignacio , Velotti, Francesca , Vessoni, Alexandre Teixeira , Vidal, Michel, Vierstra, Richard David , Vijayan, Vinoy, Vilar, Marçal , Villarroya, Francesc , Villarroya, Joan , Viscomi, Maria Teresa , Višnjić, Dora , Vitale, Ilio , Wade‐Martins, Richard , Walker, David W., Walker, Simon A. , Walter, Jochen , Wang, Chao-Yung, Wang, Dong , Wang, Fangyang , Wang, Feng , Wang, Guansong , Wang, Han, Wang, Hao , Wang, Jiou , Wang, Lianrong , Wang, Peipei , Wang, Ping, Wang, Qing Jun , Wang, Qing , Wang, Wuyang , Wang, Yan, Wang, Yen‐Yun , Wang, Yipeng , Warnes, Gary , Warnsmann, Verena , Watada, Hirotaka , Wei, Lei , Wells, Alan , Wen, Xin , Wheatley, Sally P. , Whitworth, Alexander J. , Willbold, Dieter , Williams, Roger L. , Winner, Beate , Witkin, Steven Sol , Wong, Esther S.P. , Wong, Jack Ho, Wu, Chengbiao , Wu, Jian Huang , Wu, Mian , Wu, Min , Wu, Shuyan , Wu, Xiaohong , Xiang, Jin, Xiang, Mingliang, Xiang, Wei, Xiao, Bin, Xu, Chuanshan , Xu, En, Xu, Haoxing , Xu, Jing , Xu, Wen , Yamaguchi, Osamu , Yan, Shian‐Jang , Yanagi, Yasuo , Yang, Huang‐Tian , Yang, Jin‐Ming , Yang, Pei‐Ming , Yang, Qian , Yang, Xuesong , Yang, Ying , Yao, Honghong , Yao, Shenggen , Yen, Paul M. , Ying, Meidan, Yoo, Young H., Yoshida, Kiyotsugu , Yoshii, Saori R. , Yousefi, Bahman , Yu, Jun Qing , Yu, Jun, Yu, Wai Haung , Yu, Zhou , Yuan, Shyng‐Shiou F. , Yun, Jeanho , Zarbalis, Konstantinos S. , Zhang, Bin , Zhang, Donna D. , Zhang, Hanlin , Zhang, Hong , Zhang, Hui , Zhang, Jianhua , Zhang, Lin , Zhang, Lisheng , Zhang, Wei , Zhang, Xiangnan, Zhang, Xu Dong , Zhang, Yang, Zhang, Yan‐Jin , Zhang, Yingmei , Zhang, Zhengguang , Zhang, Zhihai , Zhang, Zhiyong , Zhao, Xiao-Fan, Zhao, Ying, Zheng, Yi , Zhivotovsky, Boris , Zhou, Ao, Zhou, Hao , Zhou, Hong , Zhou, Jie , Zhou, Jing , Zhou, Jiyong , Zhou, Kailiang , Zhou, Shu‐Feng , Zhou, Zheng-Yu, Zhu, Hongxin, Zhu, Hua , Zhu, Wei‐Guo , Zientara‐Rytter, Katarzyna , Zimmermann, Christine M., Ziviani, Elena , Zwerschke, Werner , Brand‐Saberi, Beate , Li, Zuguo, Oshima, Shigeru , Rong, Yueguang , Devuyst, Olivier; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3744-4767 , Xia, Zhengyuan , Netea, M. G.

Autophagy | March 24, 2021 | Volume: 17 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 1-382

10.1080/15548627.2020.1797280 | PMID 33634751 Get It

Personalized Therapy for Mycophenolate: Consensus Report by the International Association of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology
Bergan, Stein , Hesselink, Dennis A. , Johnson‐Davis, Kamisha L. , Kunicki, Paweł K. , Lemaı̂tre, F. , Marquet, Pierre , Molinaro, Mariadelfina , Noceti, Ofelia , Pattanaik, Smita , Seger, Christoph , Shipkova, Maria , Swen, Jesse J. , Gelder, Teun van , Venkataramanan, Raman , Wieland, Eberhard , Woillard, Jean‐Baptiste , Zwart, Tom C. , Barten, M.J., Budde, Klemens , Haufroid, Vincent , Millán, Olga , Mizuno, Tomoyuki , Oellerich, Michael , Salzmann, Linda, Tönshoff, Burkhard , Schaik, Ron H. N. van , Vethe, Nils Tore , Vinks, Alexander A. , Wallemacq, Pierre, Åsberg, Anders , Langman, Loralie J., Budde, Klemens , Brunet, Merçè , Pawiński, Tomasz , Dieterlen, Maja‐Theresa , Elens, Laure , Masuda, Satohiro , Moes, Dirk Jan A. R. , Picard, Nicolas

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring | March 12, 2021 | Volume: 43 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 150-200

10.1097/ftd.0000000000000871 | PMID 33711005 Get It

Abstract: When mycophenolic acid (MPA) was originally marketed for immunosuppressive therapy, fixed doses were recommended by the manufacturer. Awareness of the potential for a more personalized dosing has led to development of methods to estimate MPA area under the curve based on the measurement of drug concentrations in only a few samples. This approach is feasible in the clinical routine and has proven successful in terms of correlation with outcome. However, the search for superior correlates has continued, and numerous studies in search of biomarkers that could better predict the perfect dosage for the individual patient have been published. As it was considered timely for an updated and comprehensive presentation of consensus on the status for personalized treatment with MPA, this report was prepared following an initiative from members of the International Association of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology (IATDMCT). Topics included are the criteria for analytics, methods to estimate exposure including pharmacometrics, the potential influence of pharmacogenetics, development of biomarkers, and the practical aspects of implementation of target concentration intervention. For selected topics with sufficient evidence, such as the application of limited sampling strategies for MPA area under the curve, graded recommendations on target ranges are presented. To provide a comprehensive review, this report also includes updates on the status of potential biomarkers including those which may be promising but with a low level of evidence. In view of the fact that there are very few new immunosuppressive drugs under development for the transplant field, it is likely that MPA will continue to be prescribed on a large scale in the upcoming years. Discontinuation of therapy due to adverse effects is relatively common, increasing the risk for late rejections, which may contribute to graft loss. Therefore, the continued search for innovative methods to better personalize MPA dosage is warranted.
Tfeb Links MYC Signaling to Epigenetic Control of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Death and Differentiation
Yu, Xiaoqing , Yang, Chunying , Hitosugi, Taro , Cheng, Chia‐Ho, Freischel, Audrey R. , Watson, G., Schaub, Franz X. , Vedder, Alexis , Cen, Ling , McGraw, Kathy L. , Yun, Seongseok , Vincelette, Nicole D. , Fernandez, Mario R. , Zhang, Ling , Li, Weimin , Hou, Hsin‐An , Murphy, Daniel J. , Ballabio, Andrea , Kaufmann, Scott H. , Berglund, Anders , Cleveland, John L.

Blood | February 8, 2021 | Volume: 136 | Issue: Supplement 1 | Pages: 12-13

10.1182/blood-2020-137209 Get It

MYC gene amplification and somatic mutations are frequent in both adult and pediatric AML although how MYC drives and contributes to the development and maintenance of AML has not been resolved. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a master regulator of genes that control autophagy and lysosome biogenesis, a central catabolic recycling pathway that regulates cell survival. Given the oncogenic effects of MYC in AML and that the induction of autophagy compromises AML cell growth and survival, we tested if the oncogenic effect of MYC depends on its suppression of TFEB transcription programs in AML. In support of this hypothesis, inducible MYC expression in K562 and THP-1 leukemia cells was sufficient to suppress expression of TFEB and its target genes. Further and conversely, MYC knockdown in NB4 AML cells provoked increased expression of TFEB mRNA and protein, as well as increased expression of TFEB target genes. Notably, dose response studies demonstrated that expression of TFEBS211A, constitutively nuclear form of TFEB that is refractory to control by mTORC1 signaling, dramatically impairs proliferation of HL60, OCI-AML2 and OCI-AML3 AML cells. In addition, induction of TFEBS211A provoked rampant apoptosis. Of important, overexpression of TFEBS211A in HL-60 and OCI-AML3 cells was also sufficient to promote monocytic and granulocytic differentiation, as judged by morphological changes and the acquisition of mature monocytic and granulocytic markers including CD11b, Gr1, and CD15. To identify TFEB targets that might contribute to myeloid/granulocytic differentiation, we performed RNA-seq analysis of HL60 leukemia cells engineered to inducibly express the TFEBS211A transgene. Using a cut-off of fold change>4 with q<0.01, a total of 1152 genes were differentially regulated following the induction of TFEBS211A in HL60 cells. As expected, this included the robust induction of nearly all TFEB target genes associated with the autophagy-lysosome pathway, but also of STAT1, KLF4, KLF6, CEBPB, CSF1 and GATA2 genes that are necessary and/or sufficient to provoke terminal monocytic and granulocytic differentiation of AML cells. Surprisingly, among genes induced by TFEB in HL60 cells is IDH1, which catalyzes the production of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), a required substrate of the TET family of dioxygenases that convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). In particular, TFEBS211A expression provoked increases in levels of α-KG and significant increases in global levels of 5hmC in genomic DNA of HL60 leukemia cells both ex vivo and in vivo. Furthermore, TFEB-mediated induction of IDH1/2 mRNA and protein, and of IDH1 promoter activity, was antagonized by inducible expression of MYC. To assess the global effects of TFEB on 5mC/5hmC landscapes, we performed paired reduced representation bisulfite (BS)- and oxidation bisulfite (oxBS)-sequencing. As predicted, TFEBS211A induced both loss and gains of 5mC, but there were more losses (n = 722) than gains (n = 459) across all 22 chromosomes. Quite remarkably, and consistent with TFEB-provoked increases of 5hmC signals, TFEBS211A exclusively induced 5hmC gains (in a total of 863 genes), and 37% and 36% of these 5hmC gains occurred in promoter regions and CpG islands, and across all 22 chromosomes. Comparison of BS- and oxBS-seq versus RNA-seq analyses of HL60 cells expressing TFEB revealed significant changes in mRNA levels and concomitant differential changes in 5mC and 5hmC marks in KLF4, KLF6, STAT3, TP73, andFOXO1 that have pivotal roles in controlling myeloid cell differentiation and death. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that MYC suppresses TFEB expression and function in AML cells, and that TFEB functions as a tumor suppressor that provokes AML cell differentiation and death. Strikingly, these responses rely on epigenetic control, where TFEB directly induces the transcription of IDH1 and IDH2 to provoke global hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine and the expression of genes that drive terminal differentiation and apoptosis. Thus, a MYC-TFEB-IDH1/2-TET2 circuit controls AML cell fate. Disclosures Murphy: Merck: Research Funding; Puma Biotech: Research Funding. Ballabio:CASMA Therapeutics: Other: Co-Founder. Kaufmann:Takeda Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding.
Safety and Efficacy of Idasanutlin in Patients (pts) with Hydroxyurea (HU)-Resistant/Intolerant Polycythemia Vera (PV): Results of an International Phase II Study
Higgins, Brian, Anders, Doreen, Burbury, Kate , Kovic, Bruno, Maffioli, Margherita , Palmer, Jeanne , Rambaldi, Alessandro , Yacoub, Abdulraheem , Rambaldi, Alessandro , Mascarenhas, John , El‐Galaly, Tarec Christoffer , Gerds, Aaron T. , Gupta, Vikas , Mesa, Ruben A. , Passamonti, Francesco , Ross, David M , Vannucchi, Alessandro M.

Blood | February 6, 2021 | Volume: 136 | Issue: Supplement 1 | Pages: 29-31

10.1182/blood-2020-135868 Get It

Background PV is a clonal myeloid neoplasm characterized by activating mutations in JAK2 and increased red blood cell production. Reduction of thrombosis risk through lowering of hematocrit (Hct) and thus blood viscosity is critical, but management of constitutional symptoms is also important. HU is an effective and well-tolerated first-line treatment (tx) for PV, but pts who develop resistance to or intolerance of HU have limited tx options. A Phase I study of idasanutlin, an MDM2 antagonist leading to increased p53 activity, showed encouraging efficacy and potential disease-modifying effects via rapid reduction in JAK2 V617F variant allele frequency in 11 pts with PV. These results prompted the larger, international Phase II study of idasanutlin in HU-resistant/intolerant PV (NCT03287245); data from the initial phase of the study are reported here. Methods Pts meeting the 2016 WHO criteria for PV were eligible for inclusion if they had HU-resistant/intolerant disease according to the European LeukemiaNet (ELN) criteria and were phlebotomy dependent (≥ 1 phlebotomy in the 16-wk period prior to screening). Prior PV tx with ruxolitinib (rux) or interferon was allowed. Idasanutlin was given orally once daily on days 1-5 of 28-day cycles for up to 24 mo. The starting dose was 150 mg; increase to 200 mg was allowed for non-responders at cycle 3, day 28, and reduction to 100 mg was permitted for toxicity and for pts treated beyond cycle 12. Antiemetic prophylaxis was mandatory in cycle 1 throughout the study and later became mandatory in all cycles. The primary endpoint (wk 32) was the composite response of Hct control (HTC) and spleen volume reduction > 35% by CT/MRI in pts with splenomegaly (> 450 cm3) and HTC alone in pts without splenomegaly. Key secondary endpoints included safety, complete hematologic response (CHR; defined as HTC and normalization of platelets/leukocytes) and ELN response. Results A total of 27 pts were included in this study and received tx with idasanutlin. Median age was 56 years (range, 34-74) and 16 pts (59.3%) were male (Table 1). All pts had JAK2 V617F mutation; 7 had previous exposure to rux. Median tx duration was 257 days (range, 5-677); the median number of treatment cycles was 8 (range, 1-23). Dose modifications occurred in 17 pts (63.0%; Table 2). A total of 3 serious AEs occurred: atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation and nausea/vomiting (n = 1 each). The serious cardiac AEs occurred in pts with pre-existing hypertension and a past incident of heart failure not symptomatic upon enrollment, respectively. No deaths, transformation to acute myeloid leukemia, progression to myelofibrosis or thrombotic events occurred during the study. AEs occurring in ≥ 15% of pts are listed in Table 3; gastrointestinal toxicity and fatigue were the most common events. The population for primary endpoint evaluation consisted of pts with response assessed at wk 32 (n = 16). One of 13 pts with baseline splenomegaly achieved a composite response (7.7%; Table 4). Nine of 16 pts (56.3%) among all evaluable pts achieved HTC: 6 of 11 rux-naive pts (54.5%) and 3 of 5 rux-exposed pts (60.0%). Eight of 13 pts (61.5%) among all pts had HTC duration ≥ 12 wk beyond wk 32: 5 of 9 rux-naive pts (55.6%) and 3 of 4 rux-exposed pts (75.0%). At wk 32, 8 of 16 pts (50.0%) achieved a CHR, with 6 of 13 (46.2%) having a CHR duration ≥ 12 wk beyond wk 32. Overall response rates per modified ELN response criteria in pts with baseline splenomegaly, pts without baseline splenomegaly and in all pts were 69.2% (9 of 13), 66.7% (2 of 3) and 68.8% (11 of 16), respectively; 9 of 15 pts (60%) among all pts had a response duration ≥ 12 wk beyond wk 32. Median (range) laboratory value changes at wk 32 were: platelets, −253 × 109/L (−2083 to +175) and leukocytes, −4.8 × 109/L (−25.3 to +3.4). At wk 32, 6 of 14 pts (42.9%) had a ≥ 50% reduction in the Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Symptom Assessment Form Total Symptom Score. Conclusions Idasanutlin showed relevant clinical activity in pts with HU-resistant/intolerant PV and also in a subset of pts with prior rux tx. However, the low-grade gastrointestinal toxicity profile of idasanutlin was not effectively mitigated with antiemetic prophylaxis and led to frequent discontinuations. These results iterate the importance of tolerability of novel therapies administered over the long term for pts with PV. Disclosures Mascarenhas: Celgene, Prelude, Galecto, Promedior, Geron, Constellation, and Incyte: Consultancy; Incyte, Kartos, Roche, Promedior, Merck, Merus, Arog, CTI Biopharma, Janssen, and PharmaEssentia: Other: Research funding (institution). Higgins:Roche: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Other: Support of parent study and funding of editorial support. Anders:Roche: Current Employment, Other: Support of parent study and funding of editorial support. Burbury:Roche: Other: Support of parent study and funding of editorial support. El-Galaly:F. Hoffmann-La Roche: Current Employment, Other: Support of parent study and funding of editorial support. Gerds:Roche/Genentech: Research Funding; Apexx Oncology: Consultancy; AstraZeneca/MedImmune: Consultancy; Pfizer: Research Funding; Imago Biosciences: Research Funding; Gilead Sciences: Research Funding; Incyte Corporation: Consultancy, Research Funding; Sierra Oncology: Research Funding; CTI Biopharma: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding. Gupta:Pfizer: Consultancy; Incyte: Honoraria, Research Funding; Bristol MyersSquibb: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Sierra Oncology: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Kovic:Roche: Other: Support of parent study and funding of editorial support. Maffioli:Roche: Other: Support of parent study and funding of editorial support. Mesa:AbbVie: Research Funding; Sierra Oncology: Consultancy; CTI BioPharma: Research Funding; LaJolla Pharmaceutical Company: Consultancy; Bristol Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; Samus Therapeutics: Research Funding; Promedior: Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy; Incyte: Research Funding. Rambaldi:Roche: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Support of parent study and funding of editorial support. Received travel support., Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company). Advisory board and speaker fees from Pfizer.; Sanofi: Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); BMS/Celgene: Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); University of Milan: Current Employment; Gilead: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel support from Gilead.; Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Omeros: Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Astellas: Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company). Research grant from Amgen Inc.. Vannucchi:AbbVie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Celgene/BMS: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Blueprint: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Incyte: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Yacoub:Roche: Other: Support of parent study and funding of editorial support; Dynavax: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Novartis: Speakers Bureau; Agios: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Speakers Bureau; Hylapharm: Current equity holder in private company; Cara Therapeutics: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Ardelyx: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company.
TFEB Links MYC Signaling to Epigenetic Control of Myeloid Differentiation and Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Yun, Seongseok , Yu, Xiaoqing , Watson, G., Fernandez, Mario R. , Yang, Chunying , Hitosugi, Taro , Cheng, Chia‐Ho, Freischel, Audrey R. , Schaub, Franz X. , Vedder, Alexis , Cen, Ling , McGraw, Kathy L. , Moon, Jungwon , Murphy, Daniel J. , Berglund, Anders , Kaufmann, Scott H , Berglund, Anders E , Yun, Seongseok , Murphy, Daniel J , Vincelette, Nicole D. , Zhang, Ling , Li, Weimin , Hou, Hsin‐An , Ballabio, Andrea , Kaufmann, Scott H. , Cleveland, John L.

Blood Cancer Discovery | December 22, 2020 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 162-185

10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-20-0029 | PMID 33860275 Get It

Abstract MYC oncoproteins regulate transcription of genes directing cell proliferation, metabolism, and tumorigenesis. A variety of alterations drive MYC expression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and enforced MYC expression in hematopoietic progenitors is sufficient to induce AML. Here we report that AML and myeloid progenitor cell growth and survival rely on MYC-directed suppression of Transcription Factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of the autophagy–lysosome pathway. Notably, although originally identified as an oncogene, TFEB functions as a tumor suppressor in AML, where it provokes AML cell differentiation and death. These responses reflect TFEB control of myeloid epigenetic programs by inducing expression of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) and IDH2, resulting in global hydroxylation of 5-methycytosine. Finally, activating the TFEB–IDH1/IDH2–TET2 axis is revealed as a targetable vulnerability in AML. Thus, epigenetic control by an MYC–TFEB circuit dictates myeloid cell fate and is essential for maintenance of AML. Significance: Alterations in epigenetic control are a hallmark of AML. This study establishes that a MYC–TFEB circuit controls AML differentiation and epigenetic programs by inducing IDH1/IDH2 and hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine, that TFEB functions as a tumor suppressor in AML, and that this circuit is a targetable vulnerability in AML. See related commentary by Wu and Eisenman, p. 116.
Narrative review on endovascular techniques for left subclavian artery revascularization during thoracic endovascular aortic repair and risk factors for postoperative stroke
Mani, Kevin , Donas, Konstantinos P. , Wanhainen, Anders , D'Oria, Mario , DeMartino, Randall, Wanhainen, Anders , D’Oria, Mario , DeMartino, Randall R. , Czerny, Martin , Lepidi, Sandro

Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery | December 18, 2020 | Volume: 32 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 764-772

10.1093/icvts/ivaa342 | PMID 33575743 Get It

Abstract OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to present a narrative review on endovascular techniques (ET) for revascularization of the left subclavian artery (LSA) during zone 2 thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and on risk factors for postoperative stroke following TEVAR procedures. METHODS Non-systematic search of the literature from the PubMed, Ovid and Scopus databases to identify relevant English-language articles fully published in the period 1 January 2010–1 August 2020. RESULTS Current general agreement is that LSA revascularization should be always attempted in the elective setting. Under urgent circumstances, it can be delayed but might be considered during the same session on a case-by-case basis. Three ET are currently available: (i) chimney/snorkels (also known as parallel grafts), (ii) fenestrations or branches and (iii) proximal scallops. The main issue with ET is the potential for increased peri-operative stroke risk owing to increased manipulation within the aortic arch. Also, they are relatively novel and further assessment of their long-term durability is needed. Intra-operative embolism and loss of left vertebral artery perfusion are hypothesized as the main causes of stroke in patients undergoing TEVAR. CONCLUSIONS The overall risk of stroke seems higher without LSA revascularization during zone 2 TEVAR. As LSA revascularization might have a direct effect in preventing posterior stroke, it should be routinely performed in elective cases, while a case-by-case evaluation can be made under urgent circumstances. While ET can provide effective options for LSA revascularization during zone 2 TEVAR, they are novel and need further durability assessment. Stroke after TEVAR is a multifactorial pathological process and preventing TEVAR-related cerebral injury remains a significant unmet clinical need.
Germline variation in the insulin-like growth factor pathway and risk of Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma
Dighe, Shruti , Chen, Jianhong , Yan, Li , Gharahkhani, Puya , Onstad, Lynn , Levine, David , Palles, Claire , Ye, Weimin , Gammon, Marilie D. , Iyer, Prasad G. , Anderson, Lesley , Liu, Geoffrey , Wu, Anna H. , Chow, Wong‐Ho , Lagergren, Jesper , Shaheen, Nicholas J. , Corley, Douglas A. , Prenen, Hans , MacDonald, David , Barr, Hugh , Love, Sharon , Chegwidden, Laura , Attwood, Stephen E., Harrison, Rebecca , Ott, Katja , Moebus, Susanne , Lang, Hauke , Mayershofer, Rupert , Knapp, Michael , Veits, Lothar , Gerges, Christian , Weismüller, Josef , Vashist, Yogesh K. , Nöthen, Markus M. , Izbicki, Jakob R. , Manner, Hendrik , Neuhaus, Horst , Böhmer, Anne C. , Hölscher, Arnulf H. , Anders, Mario , Pech, Oliver , Schumacher, Brigitte , Noder, Tania , Lorenz, Dietmar , Vieth, Michael , May, Andrea , Hess, Timo , Kreuser, Nicole , Becker, Jessica , Ell, Christian , Moysich, Kirsten B. , MacGregor, Stuart , Tomlinson, Ian , Whiteman, David C. , Schumacher, Johannes , Vaughan, Thomas L. , Madeleine, Margaret M. , Hardie, Laura J. , Buas, Matthew F. , Moysich, Kirsten , Nöthen, Markus M , Liu, Geoffrey , Gharahkhani, Puya , MacGregor, Stuart , Lagergren, Jesper , Hardie, Laura J , Anderson, Lesley A , Ye, Weimin , Love, Sharon B , Prenen, Hans , Moebus, Susanne , Hess, Timo , Palles, Claire , Whiteman, David C , Buas, Matthew F , He, Qianchuan , Dai, James Y. , Risch, Harvey A. , Bernstein, Leslie , Caestecker, John de , MacDonald, David, Moayyedi, Paul , Watson, Peter J. , Venerito, Marino , Gockel, Ines , Rösch, Thomas , Anders, Mario , Schmidt, Claudia , Schmidt, Thomas , Ambrosone, Christine B. , Jankowski, Janusz

Carcinogenesis | December 9, 2020 | Volume: 42 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 369-377

10.1093/carcin/bgaa132 | PMID 33300568 Get It

Abstract Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and its precursor, Barrett’s esophagus (BE), have uncovered significant genetic components of risk, but most heritability remains unexplained. Targeted assessment of genetic variation in biologically relevant pathways using novel analytical approaches may identify missed susceptibility signals. Central obesity, a key BE/EAC risk factor, is linked to systemic inflammation, altered hormonal signaling and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis dysfunction. Here, we assessed IGF-related genetic variation and risk of BE and EAC. Principal component analysis was employed to evaluate pathway-level and gene-level associations with BE/EAC, using genotypes for 270 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in or near 12 IGF-related genes, ascertained from 3295 BE cases, 2515 EAC cases and 3207 controls in the Barrett’s and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON) GWAS. Gene-level signals were assessed using Multi-marker Analysis of GenoMic Annotation (MAGMA) and SNP summary statistics from BEACON and an expanded GWAS meta-analysis (6167 BE cases, 4112 EAC cases, 17 159 controls). Global variation in the IGF pathway was associated with risk of BE (P = 0.0015). Gene-level associations with BE were observed for GHR (growth hormone receptor; P = 0.00046, false discovery rate q = 0.0056) and IGF1R (IGF1 receptor; P = 0.0090, q = 0.0542). These gene-level signals remained significant at q < 0.1 when assessed using data from the largest available BE/EAC GWAS meta-analysis. No significant associations were observed for EAC. This study represents the most comprehensive evaluation to date of inherited genetic variation in the IGF pathway and BE/EAC risk, providing novel evidence that variation in two genes encoding cell-surface receptors, GHR and IGF1R, may influence risk of BE.
Characteristics and Prognostic Effects of IDH Mutations across the Age Spectrum in AML: A Collaborative Analysis from COG, SWOG, and ECOG
Zarnegar‐Lumley, Sara , Sun, Zhuoxin , Wang, Yi‐Cheng , Stirewalt, Derek L. , Radich, Jerald P. , Appelbaum, Frederick R. , Pogosova‐Agadjanyan, Era L. , O’Dwyer, Kristen M. , Tallman, Martin S. , Litzow, Mark R. , Luger, Selina M. , Cooper, Todd M. , Gamis, Alan S. , Aplenc, Richard , Kolb, Anders, Tarlock, Katherine , Alonzo, Todd A. , Othus, Megan , Ries, Rhonda E. , Leonti, Amanda R. , Kutny, Matthew A. , O'Dwyer, Kristin , Erba, Harry Paul , Abdel‐Wahab, Omar , Atallah, Ehab , Levine, Ross L. , Meshinchi, Soheil

Blood | November 4, 2020 | Volume: 136 | Issue: Supplement 1 | Pages: 31-32

10.1182/blood-2020-134211 Get It

Background: Somatic mutations in the IDH genes are common in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Mutations occur at active site arginine residues in IDH1 (R132) and IDH2 (R140, R172). IDH inhibitors, ivosidenib (IDH1) and enasidenib (IDH2), have shown improved clinical outcomes in patients with relapsed/refractory IDH-mutant AML and are approved for use in this setting, while investigations in combination with chemotherapy are underway in de novo AML. The prognostic significance of IDH mutations remains controversial. We hypothesize that refining our understanding of IDH-mutated AML will contribute to risk-adapted treatment strategies, including optimal use of IDH-targeted agents. The objective of our study was to identify characteristics that affect outcome in de novo IDH-mutated AML across the age spectrum utilizing a large cohort of patients enrolled on several pediatric and adult trials. Methods: The total cohort (N=3588) included patients age <1 month - 88 years. Pediatric and young adult (YA) patients were treated on recent CCG/COG AML trials (CCG2961, COG 03P1, 0531, 1031, N=2231) and YA/adult patients were treated on SWOG S0106 (N=396), ECOG E1900 AML trials (N=398), Beat AML (N=363), or included in the TCGA biology study (N=200; outcomes not evaluated for this group). Patients were analyzed according to three defined age groups: "younger" 0-29 years of age (N=2401), "intermediate" 30-59 years of age (N=819) and "older" 60 years of age and above (N=319). Data regarding clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were collected and evaluated according to the standard practices of each cooperative or research groups for the respective studies. Mutational profiling was performed by targeted sequencing for patient samples from COG trials, Beat-AML, ECOG, and SWOG; whole-genome or whole-exome sequencing for the TCGA cohort. Prevalence of IDH mutations, co-occurring mutations, and outcomes (5-year event-free survival [EFS]) were analyzed across the defined age groups. Results: The prevalence of IDH mutations among the entire cohort was 8.6% (N=276). Analysis according to mutation type demonstrated that IDH2 mutations comprised 57% (N=158) and IDH1 mutations 43% (N=118). The prevalence of IDH mutations was strongly correlated with increased age (Fig 1A); according to the age-defined cohorts was 4.0% (N=82) in younger, 15.2% (N=126) in intermediate, and 20.3% (N=65) in older patients (p<0.001). The co-occurring mutational profile demonstrated that IDH mutations commonly co-occurred with NPM1,DNMT3A, and FLT3-ITD mutations (Fig 1B). Among IDH-mutant patients, 48% (N=132) harbored dual mutations (IDHmut/NPM1mut); 11.6% (N=32) triple mutations (IDHmut/NPM1mut/DNMT3Amut), the latter particularly prevalent in intermediate-aged adults (N=27/32, 85%). Analysis of the cohort with outcome data (N=2824) demonstrated that IDHmut and IDH-WT patients experienced similar EFS of 39% vs. 40%, respectively (p=0.723). Given the favorable prognostic significance of NPM1, we subsequently analyzed outcomes of this dual mutant group and found that NPM1 mutations retained favorable prognostic impact in the context of IDH mutant patients (Fig 2A). Notably, this effect was age-dependent, as those with IDHmut/NPM1mut had a favorable EFS compared to IDHmut/NPM1-WT for younger (76% vs. 24%, p<0.001) and intermediate patients (43% vs. 15%, p=0.001, Fig 2B) but this favorable effect was lost in older patients (29% vs. 34%, p=0.456, Fig 2C). Among intermediate age patients, outcome was further stratified by DNMT3A status, and IDHmut/NPM1mut/DNMT3Amut patients experienced an inferior EFS of 25% vs. 57% in IDHmut/NPMmut (p=0.003, Fig 2D). Conclusion: Analysis of this large patient cohort provides the most comprehensive description of IDH mutations in AML across the age spectrum. We confirm age-associated prevalence of IDH mutations and frequent co-occurrence with NPM1 mutation in all ages and in further combination with DNMT3A mutation in intermediate-aged adults. We definitively demonstrate that IDH mutation status is not an independent prognostic determinant of outcome in any age group. Co-occurrence of NPM1 and IDH mutations favorably impacts outcome in patients < 60 years of age with AML, particularly in the absence of DNMT3A mutation. Our data support that IDH inhibitors may be of particular interest in older adults and in patients <60 according to co-occurring NPM1 and DNMT3A mutations. Disclosures Othus: Marck: Consultancy; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Glycomimetics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Radich:Jazz: Consultancy; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Consultancy, Research Funding; Amgen: Consultancy; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy. Abdel-Wahab:Merck: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy; Envisagenics Inc.: Current equity holder in private company; H3 Biomedicine Inc.: Consultancy, Research Funding. Tallman:UpToDate: Patents & Royalties; ADC Therapeutics: Research Funding; BioSight: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Glycomimetics: Research Funding; Rafael: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding; Bioline rx: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Daiichi-Sankyo: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; KAHR: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Rigel: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Delta Fly Pharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Oncolyze: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Jazz Pharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Research Funding; Cellerant: Research Funding; Orsenix: Research Funding. Atallah:Jazz: Consultancy; Genentech: Consultancy; Abbvie: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy; Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation: Consultancy. Luger:Daiichi-Sankyo: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria; Acceleron: Honoraria; Agios: Honoraria; Loxo Oncology: Honoraria; Onconova: Research Funding; Kura: Research Funding; Biosight: Research Funding; Ariad: Research Funding; Hoffman La Roche: Research Funding. Levine:Novartis: Consultancy; Loxo: Current equity holder in private company, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Morphosys: Consultancy; Astellas: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy; Prelude Therapeutics: Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria; Lilly: Consultancy, Honoraria; Qiagen: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Imago: Current equity holder in private company, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; C4 Therapeutics: Current equity holder in private company, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Isoplexis: Current equity holder in private company, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Cooper:Celgene: Other: Spouse was an employee of Celgene (through August 2019).
Comparative Genomics Reveals Distinct Immune-oncologic Pathways in African American Men with Prostate Cancer
Awasthi, Shivanshu , Berglund, Anders , Abraham-Miranda, Julieta , Rounbehler, Robert J., Kensler, Kevin H. , Serna, Amparo , Vidal, Adriana C. , You, Sungyong , Freeman, Michael R. , Karnes, R. Jeffrey , Klein, Eric A. , Campbell, Joshua D. , Gupta, Raavi , Lal, Priti , Freedland, Stephen J. , Kensler, Kevin , Den, Robert B , Trock, Bruce J , Campbell, Joshua D , Einstein, David J , Balk, Steven , Park, Jong Y , Yamoah, Kosj , Klein, Eric A , Berglund, Anders E , Davicioni, Elai , Liu, Yang , Den, Robert B. , Balk, Steven P. , Park, Jong Y. , Cleveland, John L. , Rebbeck, Timothy R.

Clinical Cancer Research | October 9, 2020 | Volume: 27 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 320-329

10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-2925 | PMID 33037017 Get It

Abstract Purpose: The role of immune-oncologic mechanisms of racial disparities in prostate cancer remains understudied. Limited research exists to evaluate the molecular underpinnings of immune differences in African American men (AAM) and European American men (EAM) prostate tumor microenvironment (TME). Experimental Design: A total of 1,173 radiation-naïve radical prostatectomy samples with whole transcriptome data from the Decipher GRID registry were used. Transcriptomic expressions of 1,260 immune-specific genes were selected to assess immune-oncologic differences between AAM and EAM prostate tumors. Race-specific differential expression of genes was assessed using a rank test, and intergene correlational matrix and gene set enrichment was used for pathway analysis. Results: AAM prostate tumors have significant enrichment of major immune-oncologic pathways, including proinflammatory cytokines, IFNα, IFNγ, TNFα signaling, ILs, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. AAM TME has higher total immune content score (ICSHIGH) compared with 0 (37.8% vs. 21.9%, P = 0.003). AAM tumors also have lower DNA damage repair and are genomically radiosensitive as compared with EAM. IFITM3 (IFN-inducible transmembrane protein 3) was one of the major proinflammatory genes overexpressed in AAM that predicted increased risk of biochemical recurrence selectively for AAM in both discovery [HRAAM = 2.30; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.21–4.34; P = 0.01] and validation (HRAAM = 2.42; 95% CI, 1.52–3.86; P = 0.0001) but not in EAM. Conclusions: Prostate tumors of AAM manifest a unique immune repertoire and have significant enrichment of proinflammatory immune pathways that are associated with poorer outcomes. Observed immune-oncologic differences can aid in a genomically adaptive approach to treating prostate cancer in AAM.