Citations 2
Gastrointestinal cancer statistics in 2022 and projection to 2050: GLOBOCAN estimates across 185 countries
Danpanichkul, Pojsakorn , Pang, Yanfang , Tothanarungroj, Primrose , Dejvajara, Disatorn , Kim, Donghee, Saokhieo, Preenapun , Suparan, Kanokphong, Bernal, Diego Olavarria , Lui, Rashid N., Wijarnpreecha, Karn, Wallace, Michael, Roberts, Lewis R. , Singal, Amit G., Yang, Ju Dong, Kim, Donghee , Suparan, Kanokphong , Abou-Alfa, Ghassan K , Singal, Amit , Yang, Ju Dong , Roberts, Lewis R , Kim, Donghee , Danpanichkul, Pojsakorn , Muthiah, Mark D , Duangsonk, Kwanjit , Lui, Rashid , Wijarnpreecha, Karn , Abou‐Alfa, Ghassan K. , Singal, Amit G.
Cancer | December 30, 2025 | Volume: 132 | Issue: 1 | Pages: No page available
Abstract Background Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer remains a major global health challenge. This study provides updated 2022 estimates of GI cancer incidence and mortality worldwide, along with projections of incident cases and deaths through 2050 to inform cancer control strategies. Methods In this population‐based study, data from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database were used to examine incidence and deaths associated with GI cancer. By using global demographic projections, this study estimated the projected number of incident cases and deaths until the year 2050. Results By 2050, the global burden of GI cancer is projected to reach 9.06 million incident cases (+85%) and 6.42 million deaths (+93%) from 2022. Increases in incidence are projected for both females (+87%) and males (+83%), as are increases in mortality for both females (+97%) and males (+91%). Whereas the Western Pacific region will have the highest absolute burden, with 3.88 million new cases and 2.79 million deaths, the greatest relative increase is expected in Africa, with incidence and deaths rising by 157% and 160%, respectively. As measured by the Human Development Index (HDI), the steepest increases are projected in low (+151% incidence; +152% deaths) and medium (+112% incidence; +114% deaths) HDI countries. Overall, all GI cancer types are projected to increase, led by pancreatic cancer in incidence (+95%) and colorectal cancer in deaths (+103%). Conclusions GI cancer incidence and deaths are expected to nearly double by 2050, with increases across sexes, cancer types, and regions, especially in lower HDI countries.
SGLT ‐2 Inhibitors Are Associated With Lower Mortality and Decompensation in Patients With MASH Cirrhosis and Type 2 Diabetes
Kim, Do Han , Ko, Donghyun , Chen, Vincent L., Porres, J.A., Alatorre, Carlos, Nieto, Luis M., Argueta, Pedro Palacios , Lukens, F, Kim, Donghee, Karagozian, Raffi, Bansal, Meena B. , Wijarnpreecha, Karn, Kim, Donghee , Nieto, Luis M. , Kim, Do Han , Chen, V L , Palacios Argueta, Pedro , Lukens, Frank J., Kim, Donghee , Ko, Donghyun , Alatorre, Carlos Elizondo, Kröner, Paul T. , Wijarnpreecha, Karn
Liver International | December 27, 2025 | Volume: 46 | Issue: 2 | Pages: No page available
ABSTRACT Introduction Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and steatohepatitis (MASH) represent a spectrum of liver conditions that can gradually progress to cirrhosis. Sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 (SGLT‐2) inhibitors have shown benefits in reducing hepatic steatosis and liver‐related events in MASLD. This study aims to assess whether SGLT‐2 inhibitors are associated with a reduced risk of all‐cause mortality and disease‐specific outcomes in patients with MASH cirrhosis and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed using TriNetX. Patients with T2D and MASH cirrhosis on SGLT‐2 inhibitors were matched 1:1 with other glucose‐lowering drugs (oGLDs) based on demographics, comorbidities and medications. Primary outcomes included all‐cause mortality, hepatic decompensation and major adverse liver outcomes (MALO). Cox‐proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results A total of 51 427 patients with MASH cirrhosis and T2D were identified, of which 6833 (13.28%) were on SGLT‐2 inhibitors. Patients on SGLT‐2 inhibitors ( n = 6449, mean age 63.7 years, 52.9% female) were matched with 6449 individuals (mean age 63.9 years, 53.5% female) on oGLDs. The SGLT‐2 inhibitors cohort had statistically significantly lower risk of all‐cause mortality (HR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.53–0.63), hepatic decompensation (HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.81–0.90) and MALO (HR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.83–0.93). Conclusion SGLT‐2 inhibitors are associated with a reduced risk of all‐cause mortality in patients with MASH cirrhosis and T2DM, which may be partly attributable to a lower risk of hepatic decompensation and subsequent events. Further studies are warranted as SGLT‐2 inhibitors may serve as an adjunctive therapy for patients with MASH cirrhosis.