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D’Souza, Anita

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1092-5643

Mayo Clinic

Medical College of Wisconsin

Citations 74

Long-term efficacy and safety of etentamig, a B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) bispecific antibody in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM).
Voorhees, Peter M. , Valdes, Cesar Rodriguez , Lichtman, Eben I. , Safah, Hana, Vij, Ravi, Mian, Hira , Magen, Hila , McKay, John T., Korde, Neha , Svensson, Anders , Pothacamury, Rajvineeth Kumar, Talati, Chetasi, Doerr, Thomas, Kumar, Shaji , Mian, Hira , Baljević, Muhamed , D’Souza, Anita , Chung, Alfred , Weisel, Katja C , Searle, Emma J , McKay, John, Chhabra, Saurabh , Talati, Chetasi

Journal of Clinical Oncology | May 28, 2025 | Volume: 43 | Issue: 16_suppl | Pages: 7527-7527

10.1200/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.7527 Get It

7527 Background: Etentamig (etenta) is a differentiated BCMA x CD3 bispecific T-cell engager composed of high avidity bivalent BCMA-binding domains, low-affinity CD3-binding domain designed to reduce cytokine release syndrome (CRS), and silenced Fc tail for extended half-life enabling convenient dosing. We present long term results from 2 ongoing Ph 1 studies evaluating efficacy and safety of etenta in patients (pts) with RRMM. Methods: Data were from a Ph 1 multicenter, open-label, dose escalation/expansion (NCT03933735) trial and Arm A of a Ph 1b, open label (NCT05650632) trial of etenta; both enrolled pts ≥18 years with RRMM, ≥3 prior lines of therapy (LoT), and triple-class exposed. Pts received 60 mg Q4W or 40 mg Q3W, both regimens with similar dose intensity, in the Ph 1 trial; pts from Arm A of the Ph 1b trial received a step-up dose (SUD) on day 1 and full dose of 60 mg Q4W on day 4. This pooled analysis assessed long-term efficacy, safety, and tolerability. Tumor response was assessed per IMWG 2016 criteria. Results: Of 146 pts with RRMM who received etenta, 87 (60%) were male, median age (range) was 68 (40–87) years, median prior LoT were 4 (3–23), and median duration of follow-up was 13 (1–48) months (mo). ORR was achieved in 96 (66%) pts and ≥VGPR in 79 (54%) pts. Response rates across subgroups are reported in the Table. Median duration of response was not reached (NR) (NR–NR) among responders; Kaplan-Meier (KM) estimate at 12 mo was 71% (58.5%–80.5%). Median PFS (mPFS) was NR (8.7–NR) mo; KM estimate at 12 mo was 55% (44.9%–63.1%). Any grade and G3/4 treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred in 145 (99%) pts and 116 (79%) pts. Most common G3/4 TEAEs (≥15%) were neutropenia (38%), anemia (23%), lymphopenia (25%), and thrombocytopenia (16%). Infections G3/G4 were reported in 32 (22%) pts; most common infections G3/G4 (≥5%) were pneumonia (12%) and sepsis (5%). TEAEs leading to etenta discontinuation were reported in 13 (9%) pts. Deaths from TEAEs were reported in 13 (9%) pts; 10 were not attributed to etenta treatment. In Arm A of Ph 1 study where 60mg Q4W was administered with SUD and modified dex as premedication, CRS incidence was 30% (4% G2; No ≥G3 events) with median time to CRS onset of 22.3 (5.5–29.6) hours; and median time to CRS resolution of 20.7 (1.8–131.7) hours. Conclusions: Etenta with SUD demonstrated a low CRS incidence, durable response, and tolerability in pts with heavily pretreated RRMM. Efficacy across all subgroups was comparable and maintained, suggesting therapeutic benefits among a broad population and supporting further exploration in the ongoing Ph 3 Cervino study. Subgroup ORR, n (%) ≥VGPR, n (%) mPFS, months (range) Age ≥75years 26 (72) 23 (63.9) NR (7.5–NR) Race: Black 15 (63) 13 (54.2) 13.7 (5.0–NR) High cytogenetic risk 21 (55) 18 (47.4) 7.4 (2.8–NR) 3 prior LoT 29 (64.4) 23 (51.1) 13.5 (5.6–NR) ≥4 prior LoT 67 (67) 56 (56) NR (8.3–NR)
Development of the ASH Research Collaborative Multiple Myeloma Program: A Multicenter, Real-World Evidence Generation Network
Kumar, Shaji , Anderson, Kenneth C., Semmel, Emily A., James, Shandra, Hewitt, Kathleen, Zonder, Jeffrey A. , Rubinstein, Samuel M. , Martin, Thomas G , Vij, Ravi , Bhutani, Manisha , Voorhees, Peter M. , Geyer, Susan M. , Craige, Michael W., Walters, Sam , Wood, William A. , Anderson, Kenneth C. , James, Shandra, Neuberg, Donna , Schroeder, Mark A. , Chung, David J , Rosenberg, Aaron , D’Souza, Anita , Chari, Ajai , Nooka, Ajay K. , Sperling, Adam S. , Craige, Michael W. , Derkach, Andriy , Usmani, Saad Z.

Blood | December 6, 2024 | Volume: 144 | Issue: Supplement 1 | Pages: 3792.5-3792.5

10.1182/blood-2024-210957 Get It

Background: Contemporary questions about treatment and outcomes of patients (pts) living with multiple myeloma (MM) demand efficient and timely evidence generation methods, where real-world/ everyday practice data can play an important role. Relevant potential applications include understanding and addressing disparities in treatment access, mitigating toxicities of novel therapies while maintaining quality of life, appropriately sequencing treatments within long-term management strategies, and disseminating and appropriately using surrogate endpoints in practice, such as minimal residual disease. However, existing real-world data (RWD) repositories are limited by an inability to implement interventions in response to issues identified through retrospective data analysis, which is pivotal for the use of newer therapies. The ASH Research Collaborative (ASH RC) MM Data Hub Program was developed to address these gaps. Methods: We developed a multicenter network of US-based tertiary academic medical centers, engaging site clinicians, patients, biostatisticians, informaticians, and data scientists. Initial activities included constructing a shared real-world MM data model comprised of consensus core data elements. Pt data from each site, dating back to at least 2019, is currently being entered through electronic case report forms, batch uploaded utilizing existing institutional data repositories, and soon direct electronic health record import in standard data acquisition formats. Data are aggregated in the Data Hub and shared in a confidential Site Portal with each site. The Portal allows sites to track their own pts, analyze outcomes, and identify ways to improve the quality of care provided to individuals living with MM. We also developed an innovative evidence generation learning community of site clinicians who meet monthly and collaborate on the “COVID-19 OutcomeS in Myeloma and the Impact of VaCcines (COSMIC)” study, a prospective, decentralized observational study that rapidly accrued pts and collects relevant practice information. The group also shares best practices in study conduct to accelerate study enrollment and execution. Results: The MM Data Hub Program now contains twelve centers: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, University of California San Francisco, University of California Davis, Medical College of Wisconsin, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, University of North Carolina Medical Center at Chapel Hill, Emory University Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Atrium Health. From this Network, six centers have contributed data from 8,824 pts (2,825 with sufficiently complete data are included in this analysis). The median age at time of MM diagnosis is 63, and of the 627 deceased pts, the median age at death is 70.6 years, with median time to death from first MM diagnosis of 6 years. The proportions of pts by decade of diagnoses are 34.9% from 2020-2024; 57.6% from 2010-2019; 7.3% from 2000-2009; and 0.9% prior to 2000. 83.1% of pts had a diagnosis of plasma cell myeloma (non-light chain), and 14.4% of pts had a diagnosis of light chain myeloma. 42.3% of pts are female, and the self-reported patient races are: 85.0% white; 9.2% black or African; and 4.3% all other races (race was not documented in 1.5% of pts). 2.8% of pts are of Hispanic ethnicity. Participant data files are currently undergoing completion and cleaning procedures; the analysis will include updated results at the meeting, and a Network-wide analytic data set will be available for initial retrospective data analyses in early 2025. The COSMIC study opened for enrollment on January 22, 2024, and completed enrollment of 200 pts on May 17, 2024. Conclusions: The ASH RC Data Hub MM Program launched in 2023 and is comprised of 12 sites that collectively have contributed participant files for 8,824 pts thus far. Utilizing the structure of the Network, we successfully implemented and established the feasibility of collecting data directly from pts electronically to monitor SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and COVID-19 related outcomes. The Program serves as a successful proof-of-concept model, providing an enduring RWD resource and a prospective evidence generation platform for the myeloma community.
Feasibility and Implementation of the ASH Research Collaborative's COVID-19 Outcomes in Myeloma and the Impact of Vaccines (COSMIC): A Decentralized, Real-World Evidence Study for Patients with Multiple Myeloma to Monitor Outcomes Related to COVID-19 Vacci
Semmel, Emily A., James, Shandra, Hewitt, Kathleen, Anderson, Kenneth C., Kumar, Shaji, Zonder, Jeffrey A. , Rubinstein, Samuel M. , Martin, Thomas G , Vij, Ravi , Weiss, Brendan M. , Pederson, Levi , Geyer, Susan M. , Wood, William A. , James, Shandra, Neuberg, Donna , Anderson, Kenneth C. , Kumar, Shaji , Schroeder, Mark A. , Chung, David J , Rosenberg, Aaron , D’Souza, Anita , Chari, Ajai , Nooka, Ajay K. , Derkach, Andriy , Usmani, Saad Z.

Blood | December 6, 2024 | Volume: 144 | Issue: Supplement 1 | Pages: 2393-2393

10.1182/blood-2024-203892 Get It

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had an outsized impact on individuals with immune compromise, such as multiple myeloma, leading to increased rates of severe COVID, hospitalization, and death in these groups. The pandemic also demonstrated the need for rapid and efficient evidence generation to address rapidly changing medical needs and accelerated the use of innovative trial designs to accomplish this goal. Methods: We designed and established a prospective, decentralized study within a site-based provider network, COVID-19 OutcomeS in Myeloma and the Impact of VaCcines (COSMIC), for patients with multiple myeloma at ASH Research Collaborative sites to monitor outcomes related to COVID-19 infection and vaccination. The direct-to-patient approach was accomplished using a study application accessed with a QR code provided to patients during usual clinical care. All study activities occurred within the patient portal at Baseline, Day 30, and Day 180, minimizing burden on site personnel and staff. Study activities included eligibility confirmation, consenting, electronic health record (EHR) data permissions, and patient-reported outcome (PRO) surveys. PRO data (EORTC QLQ-C30, EORTC QLQ MY-20) were made available to clinicians through the portal to visualize results from their patients. Patients shared if they received a COVID-19 vaccination or booster and if they had a COVID-19 infection. Patients with a history of COVID-19 infection included method of confirmation and if hospitalization was required. Patients were provided compensation for participation. Automated text and email messages were sent at three separate intervals: 24 hours, Day 8, and Day 15 for participants who initiated but did not complete study activities. A personal email reminder per participant was sent for those whose second study visit window was approaching. ASH Research Collaborative clinicians met regularly to share best practices related to enrollment and study conduct, thereby creating an innovative evidence generation learning community. We studied the feasibility of data collection in a decentralized format by focusing on the number of participants who interacted with the system, those who consented, and those who completed baseline PRO assessments. Results: The COSMIC study rapidly accrued and consented 200 patients from eight participating ASH Research Collaborative sites over four months (1/22/2024 through 5/17/2024): 69% self-reported as non-Hispanic White (NHW). Of enrolled participants, 57.5% opted to permission sharing of their EHR data, which included disease and treatment-related clinical data, laboratory results, pathology reports, and imaging reports. A total of 196 patients (98%) provided demographic and COVID-related disease and vaccine data at baseline; nearly all of these patients (n=195) provided baseline PRO data, and 150 patients provided further information at Day 30 at the time of this analysis. Those who did not provide Day 30 data were not significantly different from those who did in terms of age (median: 68 [no Day 30 data] vs. 67 [Day 30 data] years; p=0.44), sex (41% [no Day 30 data] vs. 47% [Day 30 data] Female; p=0.47), or race (65% [no Day 30 data] vs. 71% [Day 30 data] NHW; p=0.60). A higher proportion of Hispanic patients were retained at Day 30 (13/15=87%) vs. 78% of non-Hispanic patients or those who declined reporting ethnicity (2/7=29%; p=0.007). COVID-19 vaccination data were submitted by 196 patients, 186 of whom had ever received a COVID-19 vaccination. Data on number, type, brand, and dates for these vaccinations were provided. Conclusions: The COSMIC study conducted by the ASH Research Collaborative was able to rapidly accrue a diverse cohort of patients using a decentralized workflow within a site-based provider network, with high consent and compliance rates. This platform, and the innovative evidence generation learning community of ASH Research Collaborative investigators and patients, sets a precedent to address a variety of real-world questions related to disease management, infections, vaccinations, and PROs in this population of patients with multiple myeloma.
Initial Results from the ASH Research Collaborative's COVID-19 Outcomes in Myeloma and the Impact of Vaccines (COSMIC): A Decentralized, Real-World Evidence Study for Patients with Multiple Myeloma to Monitor Outcomes Related to COVID-19 Vaccines and Infec
Semmel, Emily A., James, Shandra, Zonder, Jeffrey A. , Rubinstein, Samuel M. , Martin, Thomas G , Vij, Ravi , Anderson, Kenneth C., Hewitt, Kathleen, Weiss, Brendan M. , Pederson, Levi , Geyer, Susan M. , Kumar, Shaji, Usmani, Saad Z. , James, Shandra, Wood, William A. , Schroeder, Mark A. , Chung, David J , Rosenberg, Aaron , D’Souza, Anita , Chari, Ajai , Nooka, Ajay K. , Anderson, Kenneth C. , Neuberg, Donna , Derkach, Andriy , Kumar, Shaji

Blood | December 6, 2024 | Volume: 144 | Issue: Supplement 1 | Pages: 1972-1972

10.1182/blood-2024-210377 Get It

Background: Data from the ASH Research Collaborative COVID-19 Registry for Hematology demonstrated that patients with multiple myeloma and other immune compromise had elevated risk for severe complications from COVID-19 infection. To address current evidence gaps and to demonstrate proof of concept for a pandemic preparedness and response network, the ASH Research Collaborative Multiple Myeloma Program developed a prospective, decentralized study within a site-based provider network to investigate COVID-19 infections, vaccinations, and quality of life in patients with multiple myeloma. Methods: We designed and established the COVID-19 OutcomeS in Myeloma and the Impact of VacCines (COSMIC) to study COVID-19 in patients with multiple myeloma at ASH Research Collaborative network sites. A study application was accessed with a QR code and shared with patients during usual clinical care. Patients provided consent, optionally gave permission for electronic health record data collection, and completed patient-reported outcomes (EORTC QLQ-C30 and MY20) at baseline, Day 30, and Day 180 through the study portal. Clinicians at participating sites facilitated study enrollment and shared best practices monthly to accelerate study execution. Study objectives related to feasibility of data collection in a decentralized format are reported in a separate abstract. Here, we report interim results related to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination history, COVID-19 infection, and how these relate to patient reported outcomes and clinical outcomes in enrolled participants. Results: The COSMIC study rapidly accrued and consented 200 patients from eight participating ASH Research Collaborative sites over four months (1/22/2024 through 5/17/2024). Consented participants' ages ranged from 29 to 93 years, with median of 67 years; 46% were female, 69% were non-Hispanic White (NHW), 17% were non-Hispanic Black (NHB), and 8% were Hispanic/Latino. Of the 196 patients who reported COVID-19 data, 111 (57%) reported at baseline that they had a history of COVID-19 infection, with 12 having required hospitalization for this (12/111=11%). Overall, 95% (186/196) reported a history of COVID-19 vaccination, where the median number of vaccinations was 4 (range: 1 to 6); 44 patients (23%) expressed willingness to discuss getting a yearly booster vaccine with their provider. At 1-month follow-up, there were 3 additional patients who reported a COVID-19 infection and 18 patients who received an additional COVID-19 vaccination. The baseline EORTC QLQ-C30 median Global Health Status/QOL score was 66.7 (mean=64.4, range: 8.3 - 100, n=196). This overall global QOL score was not significantly different between those who did vs. did not have a history of COVID-19 infection (mean [SD]: 63.7 [19.3] vs. 65.8 [17.6]; p=0.57). In analyses adjusted for age, biological sex, and race/ethnicity group, history of COVID-19 infection was not associated with HRQOL (odds ratio=0.93, 95% CI: 0.78 - 1.10; p=0.38). Data collection is ongoing and final study results will be reported at a later date. Conclusion: COSMIC is a prospective, decentralized study within a site-based provider network conducted by the ASH Research Collaborative Multiple Myeloma Program that demonstrates the feasibility of using an innovative evidence generation strategy to drive rapid accrual of patients to address a rapidly evolving area of need. The COSMIC study also provides proof of concept that a real-world evidence generation network can play an important role in national pandemic preparedness and response. The COSMIC experience reinforces the ability to accrue diverse patient populations representing the demographic of myeloma patients in the US.
Development of a Risk Prediction Model for 6-Month Early Mortality in Patients with Systemic Light Chain Amyloidosis Treated with Daratumumab-Based Frontline Therapy
Bazarbachi, Abdul-Hamid, Zanwar, Saurabh , Bodanapu, Geethika , Chen, Gui-Zhen , Kumar, Shaji , Lentzsch, Suzanne , Patwari, Anannya , Wang, Shikun , Cowan, Andrew J., Mellgard, George , Bazarbachi, Abdul Hamid , Hegenbart, Ute , Bhutani, Divaya , Chen, Guizhen, D’Souza, Anita , Dispenzieri, Angela , Gertz, Morie A. , Milani, Paolo , Muchtar, Eli , Palladini, Giovanni , Sanchorawala, Vaishali , Schönland, Stefan , Chakraborty, Rajshekhar

Blood | December 5, 2024 | Volume: 144 | Issue: Supplement 1 | Pages: 287-287

10.1182/blood-2024-202589 Get It

Background: Despite substantial improvements in early mortality (EM) for patients with systemic light chain amyloidosis (AL), rates remained high in the bortezomib-era, at approximately 25% (Muchtar et al. Blood. 2017). However, the therapeutic landscape in AL amyloidosis has changed with the ANDROMEDA trial, which led to the approval of daratumumab in combination with bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone (Dara-VCd) in the frontline setting. The incidence and predictors of EM in the context of daratumumab-based frontline therapy have not been studied. Methods: We performed an international multicenter retrospective cohort study of all consecutive patients with newly diagnosed AL treated with frontline Dara-VCd or Dara-Vd, and followed until 12/31/2023. EM was defined as death from any cause within 6 months of treatment initiation. Our primary objective was to identify the rate and significant predictors of EM. Univariate logistic regression was used to identify significant predictors of EM, which were then included in a multivariate logistic regression model. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the best threshold values that discriminated EM rates for the following continuous variables: age, dFLC (involved-uninvolved), eGFR, NT-proBNP, albumin, and high-sensitivity Troponin-T (hs-TnT). Other variables tested in univariate analysis were the following: ECOG performance status, NYHA functional class, sex, race, light chain isotype, percent bone marrow plasma cells, status of the following cytogenetic abnormalities-t(11;14), +1q, hyperdiploidy, del(13q), high-risk translocations, and del(17p), and the number of organs involved (2 vs 1). To build the clinical prediction score, each variable was weighted according to the β coefficient (natural logarithm of odds ratio) obtained from the multivariable regression. The β coefficients were rounded to the nearest 0.5 and multiplied by 2 to obtain an even number. Results The study cohort included 335 AL patients treated with daratumumab-based frontline therapy (92.2% Dara-VCd, 7.8% Dara-Vd), with all surviving patients having at least 6 months of follow-up. The median age at diagnosis was 66.5 years (range, 59.4 - 71.3), and 6.7% (n = 22) were Non-Hispanic blacks. Median dFLC at diagnosis was 22.91 mg/dL (range, 0.2-1093.4), and median NT-proBNP was 2415 pg/mL (range, 13-70,000). Mayo 2004 stages IIIA/IIIB represented 44% of the total cohort, with 17% having ECOG ≥ 2 and 25.4% having NYHA Class III/IV symptoms. The cumulative incidence of EM was 10.7%, with the incidence in patients with Mayo 2004 stage I, II, IIIA, and IIIB being 0%, 8%, 12.5%, and 25% respectively. On univariate analysis with unadjusted odds ratio (OR), the following variables significantly predicted EM: Age ≥ 75 (OR=2.8, p=0.013) ECOG ≥ 2, (OR 4.9, p<0.001), NYHA Class ≥ III (OR=4.95, p<0.001), dFLC ≥9 mg/dL (OR, 10.18, p=0.023), eGFR <33 mL/min/1.73 m2 (OR=2.7, p=0.026), NT-proBNP >5276 pg/mL (OR=7.69, p <0.001), hs-TnT >70 ng/L (OR=5.88, p<0.001), and absence of t(11; 14) (OR=2.33, p=0.041). These variables were entered into multivariate regression, except for ECOG and NYHA, which were combined to create a single variable (values ranging from 0-8), and hs-TnT was dropped due to substantial missing data as centers used different troponin assays. NT-proBNP was rounded to 5300 pg/ml for ease of clinical application. Based on the multivariate analysis, the following scores were assigned to each variable: Age ≥75 (2.0), ECOG+NYHA (1.0 x combined score), NT-proBNP >5,300 pg/ml (2.0), and absence of t(11;14) (3.0). This led to a score ranging from 1-15, and two risk-groups: low-risk (score <9; 87.5%) and high-risk (score ≥9; 12.5%). The respective cumulative incidence of EM was 6.1% versus 50% (p<0.001). The c-index of the model was 0.725 (95% CI, 0.676-0.774). Conclusion: Using variables that are readily available in the clinic, we have developed a two-tiered risk-prediction model for EM in AL amyloidosis in the context of daratumumab-based frontline therapy. The model needs to be externally validated in an independent dataset.
A High-Fiber Dietary Intervention (NUTRIVENTION) in Precursor Plasma Cell Disorders Improves Biomarkers of Disease and May Delay Progression to Myeloma
Cogrossi, Laura Lucia , Policastro, Anna , Jenna, Blaslov, Adintori, Peter , McAvoy, Devin , Baichoo, Mirae , Anuraj, Aishwarya , Pohl, Charlotte , Sanchez, Jenny Paredes, Gipson, Brianna , Block, Torin , Korde, Neha , Tan, Carlyn , Hultcrantz, Malin , Hassoun, Hani , Scordo, Michael , Landau, Heather J., Chesi, Marta, Bergsagel, P. Leif , Mailankody, Sham , Giralt, S., Iyengar, Neil M. , Pohl, Charlotte , Shah, Urvi A. , Derkach, Andriy , Castro, Francesca , Fei, Teng , DeWolf, Susan , Garcés, Juan‐José , Grioni, Matteo , Sisti, Sofia , Hosszu, Kinga K , Cross, Justin R , Ramos, Ruben, Maclachlan, Kylee , Gradissimo, Ana , Boiocchi, Leonardo , Koche, Richard P , Chaligne, Ronan , Shah, Gunjan L. , Lahoud, Oscar , Chung, David J , Landau, Heather , Peled, Jonathan U. , Clementi, Nicola , Chesi, Marta , Bergsagel, P. Leif , Pollak, Michaël , D’Souza, Anita , Landgren, Ola , Chimonas, Susan , Usmani, Saad Z. , Lesokhin, Alexander M. , Bellone, Matteo , van den Brink, Marcel R M

Blood | December 5, 2024 | Volume: 144 | Issue: Supplement 1 | Pages: 671-671

10.1182/blood-2024-202224 Get It

Introduction Poor diet quality, elevated body mass index (BMI), insulin resistance, microbiome dysbiosis, inflammation as well as immune dysfunction have all been implicated in progression from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) to multiple myeloma (MM). Plant-based diets have been associated with reduced risk of MGUS and MM in epidemiological studies. Whether a dietary intervention can impact these modifiable risk factors and delay disease progression has not been investigated. Methods We conducted a pilot, single-arm trial providing controlled high fiber plant based dietary (HFPBD) intervention for 12 weeks and health coaching for 24 weeks in 20 patients with MGUS/SMM with BMI≥25 (NCT04920084). The primary endpoint was feasibility (adherence and BMI reduction). Secondary and exploratory endpoints included quality of life, metabolic markers (insulin, adiponectin, leptin, LDL cholesterol), microbiome (diversity and composition by 16S and shotgun sequencing) and immune profiling in peripheral blood (flow cytometry and Olink inflammation panel) and bone marrow (scRNAseq and ATACseq). We also conducted an in vivo study in transgenic Vk*MYC mice fed a high fiber or control diet at the phase of mouse(m)SMM. The mice were monitored for the progression to active mMM. Differences in microbiome and immune response profiles between high fiber- and control-treated mice were assessed via microbiome 16S sequencing and flow cytometry. Results The HFPBD intervention was safe, feasible, improved quality of life and addressed modifiable risk factors - metabolic profile (improved BMI, insulin resistance, adiponectin leptin ratio), microbiome profile (increased alpha-diversity and butyrate producers) and immune (decreased inflammation and increased anti-inflammatory classical monocyte) subsets. A reduction in long-term progression trajectory was observed in 2 patients. Consistently, the high fiber diet delayed progression from mSMM to mMM in Vk*MYC mice increasing median progression-free survival from 12 weeks in the control arm to 30 weeks in the high fiber diet intervention arm. Additionally, in the intervention arm 40% of mice did not progress to mMM during the study period whereas all mice in the control arm progressed. Both human and mouse data showed that HFPBD modulated gut microbiota composition favoring the expansion of butyrate-producing bacteria. Additionally, short-chain fatty acids were increased in the feces of mice fed a high fiber diet. Integrated analysis from human bone marrow and peripheral blood analysis indicated that the dietary intervention reduced inflammatory biomarkers and skewed the immune response towards T helper and CD14+ monocytes. Consistently, the bone marrow of Vk*MYC mice fed high fiber diet was more infiltrated by IFNg-producing T lymphocytes while displaying less exhausted T cells and immunosuppressive myeloid cells. Conclusion This is the first interventional clinical trial and in vivo study to show that a HFPBD intervention may delay progression from MGUS/SMM to MM. To our knowledge there has been no similar dietary interventional study in hematological cancers or solid tumors. Together our in vivo and clinical data support the beneficial anti-inflammatory role of a HFPBD providing a link between diet, microbiota, and immune modulation to delay disease progression in MGUS/SMM.
A Phase III, Randomized Study of Daratumumab, Cyclophosphamide, Bortezomib and Dexamethasone (DARA-VCD) Induction Followed By Autologous Stem Cell Transplant or Dara-VCD Consolidation and Daratumumab Maintenance in Patients with Newly Diagnosed AL Amyloido
Hagen, Patrick , Sidana, Surbhi , Parker, Terri L., Zonder, Jeffrey A. , Kourelis, Taxiarchis , Landau, Heather , Hoering, Antje , Sidana, Surbhi , Walker, Brian A. , Sanchorawala, Vaishali , D’Souza, Anita , Rosenthal, Adam, Ailawadhi, Sikander , Orlowski, Robert Z.

Blood | December 5, 2024 | Volume: 144 | Issue: Supplement 1 | Pages: 3309.1-3309.1

10.1182/blood-2024-208227 Get It

Background and significance: Light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a plasma cell malignancy characterized by the production of amyloidgenic clonal light chains that deposit in various tissues. The addition of daratumumab to bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (Dara-VCD) has improved the depth of hematologic and organ responses and is an approved induction therapy in newly diagnosed AL amyloid patients (DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2028631). However, this approach has not yet demonstrated an overall survival (OS) benefit and follow up remains short. With strict adherence to eligibility criteria, in particular severity of cardiac involvement, autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) as consolidative therapy is safe with transplant related mortality on par with multiple myeloma. This approach generates deep and sustained responses, but it is unclear if it offers an additional survival benefit following Dara-VCD induction. The only randomized trial evaluating the role of ASCT in AL amyloid is outdated (DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa070484) and no randomized data exist to inform the optimal use of ASCT in the era of Dara-VCD induction. Furthermore, multi-organ involvement in AL amyloid drives morbidity and mortality thus the impact of any consolidative therapy on cardiac and renal involvement in addition to overall survival but must be defined. Finally, the approval of Dara-VCD therapy was based on complete hematologic response rates but there is increasing data demonstrating that achieving minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity by either bone marrow next generation flow cytometry (DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26562) or peripheral blood mass spectrometry (DOI: 10.1038/s41408-020-0291-8) generates improved organ response, hematologic progression free survival, and possibly OS. Methods: This randomized phase 3 SWOG led intergroup trial (S2213; NCT06022939) is being conducted within the United States and will accrue a total of 143 participants per arm. The primary endpoint will compare MOD-PFS (major organ deterioration progression free survival: defined as time from randomization to death, cardiac/renal progression, or hematologic progression) between participants receiving an ASCT with those receiving 3 cycles of Dara-VCD consolidation following 3 cycles of uniform Dara-VCD induction. Following the assigned consolidation, all patients will receive 18 months of daratumumab maintenance therapy. A median MOD-PFS of 31 months is anticipated in the non-ASCT arm. This study has 90% power and a two-sided significance level of 0.05 to detect a hazard ratio of 0.62 corresponding to a MOD-PFS of 50 months in the ASCT arm. Important additional endpoints include OS, hematologic PFS, cardiac and renal responses, MRD negativity both by peripheral blood mass spectrometry and bone marrow next generation flow cytometry, delayed utilization of ASCT, and quality of life. Key inclusion criteria include non-severe cardiac AL amyloid (NT-proBNP <5000; TnT < 0.06; NYHA I or II, EF ≥ 40%), CrCl ≥30 mL/min, serum dFLC > 2 mg/dL, and supine systolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg. Importantly, patients are permitted to have up to one full cycle or 28 days of any plasma cell directed therapy prior to enrollment. This trial was activated on 12/1/2023 with the first patient enrolled 07/01/2024. Funding: NIH/NCI/NCTN grants U10CA180888, U10CA180819; and in part by Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc. of Johnson & Johnson (now J&J Innovative Medicine).
Prognostic impact of cytogenetic abnormalities detected by FISH in AL amyloidosis with daratumumab-based frontline therapy
Zanwar, Saurabh , Hegenbart, Ute , Bhutani, Divaya , Gertz, Morie A. , Kumar, Shaji , Patwari, Anannya , Cowan, Andrew J., Chen, GuiZhen, Milani, Paolo , Bodanapu, Geethika , Lentzsch, Suzanne , Chakraborty, Rajshekhar , Hegenbart, Ute , Gertz, Morie A , Dispenzieri, Angela , Kumar, Shaji K , Chen, GuiZhen , Palladini, Giovanni , Sanchorawala, Vaishali , Bodanapu, Geethika , Muchtar, E , Milani, Paolo , Bhutani, Divaya , Chakraborty, Rajshekhar , Dispenzieri, Angela , D’Souza, Anita , Palladini, Giovanni , Schönland, Stefan , Muchtar, Eli

Blood | August 28, 2024 | Volume: 144 | Issue: 25 | Pages: 2613-2624

10.1182/blood.2024025899 Get It

Abstract We performed an international retrospective study on 283 patients with light chain (AL) amyloidosis to investigate the prognostic impact of cytogenetic abnormalities by fluorescence in situ hybridization, when treated with frontline daratumumab–based therapy. The cytogenetic subgroups of interest were t(11;14), gain/amp(1q) (hereafter, +1q), hyperdiploidy, deletion(13q), del(17p), and myeloma high-risk (HR) translocations (t[4;14], t[14;16], or t[14;20]). The end points of interest were rate of hematologic complete response (heme-CR), very good partial response (VGPR) or better, and hematologic event-free survival (heme-EFS). The incidence of abnormalities was as follows: t(11;14), 53.4%; deletion (13q), 28.9%; +1q, 22.3%; hyperdiploidy, 19.4%; HR translocations, 6.6%; and deletion(17p), 4.5%. The heme-CR rate by cytogenetic subgroups were as follows: t(11;14) vs no t(11;14), 45.2% vs 41.8% (P=0.597); del(13q) vs no del(13q), 46.8% vs 42.8% (P=0.594); +1q vs no +1q, 30.2% vs 47.9% (P=0.022); hyperdiploidy vs no hyperdiploidy, 39.5% vs 44.9% (P=0.541); HR translocations vs none, 45.5% vs 43.1% (P=0.877); and del(17p) vs no del(17p), 50.0% vs 42.9% (P=0.658), respectively. Similarly, +1q was the only subgroup with a significantly lower VGPR or better rate (64.2% vs 79.0%; P=0.033). At a median follow-up of 19.8 months, the median heme-EFS was 49.6 months (95% CI, 24.7-not reached [NR]), and the 2-year overall survival (OS) was 80.98% (95% CI, 75.6-85.4). The presence of +1q was significantly associated with worse heme-EFS on multivariate analysis (HR 2.06, 95% CI, 1.14-3.71; P=0.017). Notably, there was no adverse prognostic impact of t(11;14) on heme-EFS or OS. In conclusion, +1q is associated with worse outcome in the daratumumab-era. Clinical trials testing novel frontline immunotherapies should be enriched in +1q to further improve outcomes in this subgroup.