Citations 2
Associations Between Glycemic Traits and Colorectal Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Murphy, Neil , Song, Mingyang , Papadimitriou, Nikos , Carreras‐Torres, Robert , Langenberg, Claudia , Martin, Richard M. , Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. , Barroso, Inês , Chen, Ji , Vincent, Emma E. , Cotterchio, Michelle , Gruber, Stephen B. , Pai, Rish K. , Perez‐Cornago, Aurora , Duijnhoven, Fränzel J.B. van , Guelpen, Bethany Van , Vodička, Pavel , Wu, Anna H. , Peters, Ulrike , Gunter, Marc J. , Frayling, Timothy M , Bull, Caroline J , Vincent, Emma E , Gruber, Stephen B , Pai, R K , Perez-Cornago, Aurora , van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J B , Van Guelpen, Bethany , Wolk, Alicja , Chan, Andrew T , Gunter, Marc J , Murphy, Neil , Martin, Richard M , Song, Mingyang , Carreras-Torres, Robert , Tsilidis, Konstantinos K , Papadimitriou, Nikos , Vodicka, Pavel , Bull, Caroline J. , Newcomb, Polly A. , Wolk, Alicja , Chan, Andrew T.
JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute | January 14, 2022 | Volume: 114 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 740-752
Abstract Background Glycemic traits—such as hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and type 2 diabetes—have been associated with higher colorectal cancer risk in observational studies; however, causality of these associations is uncertain. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to estimate the causal effects of fasting insulin, 2-hour glucose, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and type 2 diabetes with colorectal cancer. Methods Genome-wide association study summary data were used to identify genetic variants associated with circulating levels of fasting insulin (n = 34), 2-hour glucose (n = 13), fasting glucose (n = 70), HbA1c (n = 221), and type 2 diabetes (n = 268). Using 2-sample MR, we examined these variants in relation to colorectal cancer risk (48 214 case patient and 64 159 control patients). Results In inverse-variance models, higher fasting insulin levels increased colorectal cancer risk (odds ratio [OR] per 1-SD = 1.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15 to 2.36). We found no evidence of any effect of 2-hour glucose (OR per 1-SD = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.86 to 1.21) or fasting glucose (OR per 1-SD = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.88 to 1.23) concentrations on colorectal cancer risk. Genetic liability to type 2 diabetes (OR per 1-unit increase in log odds = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.07) and higher HbA1c levels (OR per 1-SD = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.19) increased colorectal cancer risk, although these findings may have been biased by pleiotropy. Higher HbA1c concentrations increased rectal cancer risk in men (OR per 1-SD = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.40), but not in women. Conclusions Our results support a causal effect of higher fasting insulin, but not glucose traits or type 2 diabetes, on increased colorectal cancer risk. This suggests that pharmacological or lifestyle interventions that lower circulating insulin levels may be beneficial in preventing colorectal tumorigenesis.
SOS2 and ACP1 Loci Identified through Large-Scale Exome Chip Analysis Regulate Kidney Development and Function
Li, Man , Weeks, Olivia , Mijatovic, Vladan, Teumer, Alexander , Tromp, Gerard , Fuchsberger, Christian , Gorski, Mathias , Nutile, Teresa , Sedaghat, Sanaz , Sorice, Rossella , Arking, Dan E. , Bihlmeyer, Nathan A. , Böger, Carsten A., Carroll, Robert J. , Cornelis, Marilyn C., Faul, Jessica D. , Feitosa, Mary F. , Gambaro, Giovanni , Gasparini, Paolo , Giulianini, Franco, Heid, Iris M. , Huang, Jinyan , Imboden, Medea , Jeff, Janina M., Jhun, Min A., Katz, Ronit , Kifley, Annette , Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O. , Laakso, Markku , Li‐Gao, Ruifang , Lohman, Kurt, Lu, Yingchang , Mägi, Reedik , Mihailov, Evelin, Mohlke, Karen L. , Mook‐Kanamori, Dennis O. , Robino, Antonietta , Salvi, Erika , Schick, Ursula M., Schulz, Christina‐Alexandra , Smith, Albert V. , Traglia, Michela , Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M. , Goodarzi, Mark O. , Kraja, Aldi T., Wessel, Jennifer , Group,, CHARGE Glycemic-T2D Working, Group,, CHARGE Blood Pressure Working, Boerwinkle, Eric , Borecki, Ingrid B. , Bork‐Jensen, Jette , Böttinger, Erwin P. , Braga, Daniele , Brandslund, Ivan , Brody, Jennifer A. , Carey, David J. , Christensen, Cramer, Crook, Errol D., Boer, Ian H. de , Vries, Aiko P. J. de , Devuyst, Olivier , Dreisbach, Albert W. , Endlich, Karlhans , Franco, Oscar H. , Glümer, Charlotte , Gottesman, Omri, Grarup, Niels , Guðnason, Vilmundur , Harris, Tamara B., Hofman, Albert , Husemoen, Lise Lotte N. , Jackson, Rebecca D. , Jørgensen, Marit E. , Kähönen, Mika , Kardia, Sharon L. R., König, Wolfgang , Kriebel, Jennifer , Lauritzen, Torsten , Lehtimäki, Terho , Levy, Daniel , Linksted, Pamela , Loos, Ruth J. F. , Lupo, Antonio , Meisinger, Christine, Melander, Olle , Mitchell, Paul, Nauck, Matthias, Orho‐Melander, Marju , Parsa, Afshin, Pedersen, Oluf , Peters, Annette , Peters, Ulrike , Polašek, Ozren , Qi, Lu , Reiner, Alex P. , Rettig, Rainer, Ridker, Paul M., Rivadeneira, Fernando , Rossouw, Jacques E. , Schmidt, Frank , Soranzo, Nicole , Strauch, Konstantin , Toniolo, Daniela , Uitterlinden, André G. , Ulivi, Sheila , Velayutham, Dinesh , Völker, Uwe , Völzke, Henry , Waldenberger, Mélanie , Wang, Jie Jin , Weir, David R. , Witte, Daniel R. , Kuivaniemi, Helena , Fox, Caroline S., Franceschini, Nora , Goessling, Wolfram , Köttgen, Anna , Chu, Audrey Y., Rudan, Igor , Vasan, Ramachandran S. , Duijn, Cornelia M. van , Zhao, Wei , Padmanabhan, Sandosh , Lindgren, Cecilia M. , Franks, Paul W. , Weiß, Stefan , Langenberg, Claudia , Hattersley, Andrew T. , Turner, Stephen T. , Li, Yong , Huffman, Jennifer E. , Lyytikäinen, Leo‐Pekka , Tin, Adrienne , Yang, Qiong , Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S. , Chasman, Daniel I. , Dehghan, Abbas , Jackson, Anne , Kumar, Ashish , Malerba, Giovanni , Ruderfer, Douglas , Smith, Jennifer A. , Zhao, Wei , Liu, Chunyu , Group,, CHARGE Glycemic-T2D Working, Group,, CHARGE Blood Pressure Working, Campbell, Archie I , Coresh, Josef , Curhan, Gary C. , Cusi, Daniele , Denny, Joshua C. , Esko, Tõnu , Fülöp, Tibor , Gerhard, Glenn S. , Hansen, Torben , Hayward, Caroline , Hocking, Lynne J. , Hu, Frank B. , Jørgensen, Torben , Kooperberg, Charles , Launer, Lenore J. , Linneberg, Allan , Liu, Ching‐Ti , Meisinger, Christine, Metspalu, Andres , Nürnberg, Peter , Porteous, David John , Probst-Hensch, Nicole M , Psaty, Bruce M. , Raitakari, Olli Tuomas , Siscovick, David S. , Weiss, Stefan , Völker, Uwe , Teumer, Alexander , van Duijn, Cornelia M , Vasan, Ramachandran S , Smith, Albert V , Loos, Ruth J F , Li-Gao, Ruifang , Brody, Jennifer A , Padmanabhan, Sandosh , Levy, Daniel , de Vries, Aiko P J , Devuyst, Olivier; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3744-4767
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology | December 5, 2016 | Volume: 28 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 981-994
Genome-wide association studies have identified >50 common variants associated with kidney function, but these variants do not fully explain the variation in eGFR. We performed a two-stage meta-analysis of associations between genotypes from the Illumina exome array and eGFR on the basis of serum creatinine (eGFRcrea) among participants of European ancestry from the CKDGen Consortium ( n Stage1 : 111,666; n Stage2 : 48,343). In single-variant analyses, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms at seven new loci associated with eGFRcrea ( PPM1J , EDEM3, ACP1, SPEG, EYA4, CYP1A1 , and ATXN2L ; P Stage1 <3.7×10 −7 ), of which most were common and annotated as nonsynonymous variants. Gene-based analysis identified associations of functional rare variants in three genes with eGFRcrea, including a novel association with the SOS Ras/Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 gene, SOS2 ( P =5.4×10 −8 by sequence kernel association test). Experimental follow-up in zebrafish embryos revealed changes in glomerular gene expression and renal tubule morphology in the embryonic kidney of acp1- and sos2 -knockdowns. These developmental abnormalities associated with altered blood clearance rate and heightened prevalence of edema. This study expands the number of loci associated with kidney function and identifies novel genes with potential roles in kidney formation.