Citations 3
Smoking Status, Nicotine Medication, Vaccination, and COVID-19 Hospital Outcomes: Findings from the COVID EHR Cohort at the University of Wisconsin (CEC-UW) Study
Piasecki, Thomas M. , Smith, Stevens S. , Slutske, Wendy S., Adsit, Robert T. , Conner, Karen L. , Eng, Oliver D., Lazuk, David , Gonzalez, Alec , Jorenby, Douglas E. , D’Angelo, Heather , Kirsch, Julie A. , Williams, Brian , Hayes-Birchler, Todd , Kent, Sean , Kim, Hanna , Lubanski, Stan, Cai, Yuxin , Kashyap, Nitu , Mathew, Jomol , McMahan, Gabriel , Rolland, Betsy , Tindle, Hilary A. , Warren, Graham , An, Lawrence C. , Boyd, Andrew D. , Brunzell, Darlene H., Carrillo, Victor A. , Chen, Li‐Shiun , Davis, James M. , Deshmukh, Vikrant , Dilip, Deepika , Ellerbeck, Edward F. , Jose, Thulasee , Klass, Elizabeth , Tong, Elisa K. , Tsoh, Janice Y. , Wilson, Karen M. , Theobald, Wendy E. , Kent, Sean , Kim, Hanna , Khanna, Niharika , Klass, Elizabeth , Mermelstein, Robin J , Tong, Elisa , Tsoh, Janice Y , Piasecki, Thomas M , Smith, Stevens S , Conner, Karen L , Boyd, Andrew D , Davis, James M , Jose, Thulasee , Baker, Timothy B. , Bolt, Daniel M. , Bernstein, Steven L. , Eng, Oliver D, Nolan, Margaret , Yu, Menggang , Suk, Youmi , Goldstein, Adam O , Iturrate, Eduardo , King, Andrea , Fiore, Michael C.
Nicotine and Tobacco Research | September 7, 2022 | Volume: 25 | Issue: 6 | Pages: 1184-1193
AbstractIntroductionAvailable evidence is mixed concerning associations between smoking status and COVID-19 clinical outcomes. Effects of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and vaccination status on COVID-19 outcomes in smokers are unknown.MethodsElectronic health record data from 104 590 COVID-19 patients hospitalized February 1, 2020 to September 30, 2021 in 21 U.S. health systems were analyzed to assess associations of smoking status, in-hospital NRT prescription, and vaccination status with in-hospital death and ICU admission.ResultsCurrent (n = 7764) and never smokers (n = 57 454) did not differ on outcomes after adjustment for age, sex, race, ethnicity, insurance, body mass index, and comorbidities. Former (vs never) smokers (n = 33 101) had higher adjusted odds of death (aOR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.06–1.17) and ICU admission (aOR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04–1.11). Among current smokers, NRT prescription was associated with reduced mortality (aOR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.50–0.82). Vaccination effects were significantly moderated by smoking status; vaccination was more strongly associated with reduced mortality among current (aOR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.16–0.66) and former smokers (aOR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.39–0.57) than for never smokers (aOR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.57, 0.79). Vaccination was associated with reduced ICU admission more strongly among former (aOR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.66–0.83) than never smokers (aOR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79–0.97).ConclusionsFormer but not current smokers hospitalized with COVID-19 are at higher risk for severe outcomes. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is associated with better hospital outcomes in COVID-19 patients, especially current and former smokers. NRT during COVID-19 hospitalization may reduce mortality for current smokers.ImplicationsPrior findings regarding associations between smoking and severe COVID-19 disease outcomes have been inconsistent. This large cohort study suggests potential beneficial effects of nicotine replacement therapy on COVID-19 outcomes in current smokers and outsized benefits of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in current and former smokers. Such findings may influence clinical practice and prevention efforts and motivate additional research that explores mechanisms for these effects.
Relations of Current and Past Cancer with Severe Outcomes among 104,590 Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: The COVID EHR Cohort at the University of Wisconsin
Piasecki, Thomas M. , Smith, Stevens S. , Baker, Timothy B. , Fiore, Michael C. , Adsit, Robert T. , Bolt, Daniel M. , Conner, Karen L. , Bernstein, Steven L. , Eng, Oliver S. , Lazuk, David , Gonzalez, Alec , Hayes-Birchler, Todd , Jorenby, Douglas E. , D’Angelo, Heather , Kirsch, Julie A. , Williams, Brian , Kent, Sean , Kim, Hanna , Lubanski, Stanley A. , Cai, Yuxin , Kashyap, Nitu , Mathew, Jomol , McMahan, Gabriel , Rolland, Betsy , Tindle, Hilary A. , Warren, Graham , Abu-el-rub, Noor , An, Lawrence C. , Boyd, Andrew D. , Brunzell, Darlene H., Carrillo, Victor A. , Chen, Li‐Shiun , Davis, James M. , Deshmukh, Vikrant , Dilip, Deepika , Ha, Patrick K. , Jose, Thulasee , Klass, Elizabeth , Lui, Michelle , Poon, Chester , Tong, Elisa K. , Wilson, Karen M. , Theobald, Wendy E. , Nolan, Margaret B , Piasecki, Thomas M , Smith, Stevens S , Baker, Timothy B , Fiore, Michael C , Adsit, Robert T , Bolt, Daniel M , Conner, Karen L , Bernstein, Steven L , Eng, Oliver , Lazuk, David , Gonzalez, Alec , Hayes-Birchler, Todd , Jorenby, Douglas E , D'Angelo, Heather , Kirsch, Julie A , Williams, Brian S , Kent, Sean , Kim, Hanna , Lubanski, Stanley A , Yu, Menggang , Suk, Youmi , Cai, Yuxin , Kashyap, Nitu , Mathew, Jomol , McMahan, Gabriel , Rolland, Betsy , Tindle, Hilary A , Warren, Graham W , Abu-El-Rub, Noor , An, Lawrence C , Boyd, Andrew D , Carrillo, Victor A , Chen, Li-Shiun , Davis, James M , Deshmukh, Vikrant G , Dilip, Deepika , Goldstein, Adam O , Ha, Patrick K , Iturrate, Eduardo , Jose, Thulasee , Khanna, Niharika , King, Andrea , Klass, Elizabeth , Lui, Michelle , Mermelstein, Robin J , Poon, Chester , Tong, Elisa , Wilson, Karen M , Theobald, Wendy E , Slutske, Wendy S , Nolan, Margaret , Yu, Menggang
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention | August 15, 2022 | Volume: 32 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 12-21
Abstract Background: There is mixed evidence about the relations of current versus past cancer with severe COVID-19 outcomes and how they vary by patient and cancer characteristics. Methods: Electronic health record data of 104,590 adult hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were obtained from 21 United States health systems from February 2020 through September 2021. In-hospital mortality and ICU admission were predicted from current and past cancer diagnoses. Moderation by patient characteristics, vaccination status, cancer type, and year of the pandemic was examined. Results: 6.8% of the patients had current (n = 7,141) and 6.5% had past (n = 6,749) cancer diagnoses. Current cancer predicted both severe outcomes but past cancer did not; adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for mortality were 1.58 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.46–1.70] and 1.04 (95% CI, 0.96–1.13), respectively. Mortality rates decreased over the pandemic but the incremental risk of current cancer persisted, with the increment being larger among younger vs. older patients. Prior COVID-19 vaccination reduced mortality generally and among those with current cancer (aOR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.53–0.90). Conclusions: Current cancer, especially among younger patients, posed a substantially increased risk for death and ICU admission among patients with COVID-19; prior COVID-19 vaccination mitigated the risk associated with current cancer. Past history of cancer was not associated with higher risks for severe COVID-19 outcomes for most cancer types. Impact: This study clarifies the characteristics that modify the risk associated with cancer on severe COVID-19 outcomes across the first 20 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. See related commentary by Egan et al., p. 3
Shared genetic risk between eating disorder‐ and substance‐use‐related phenotypes: Evidence from genome‐wide association studies
Munn‐Chernoff, Melissa A. , Chou, Yi‐Ling, Coleman, Jonathan R. I. , Thornton, Laura M. , Walters, Raymond K. , Yılmaz, Zeynep , Baker, Jessica H. , Hübel, Christopher , Medland, Sarah E. , Hinney, Anke , Leppä, Virpi , Mattheisen, Manuel , Ripke, Stephan , Yao, Shuyang , Giusti‐Rodríguez, Paola , Hanscombe, Ken B. , Adan, Roger A.H. , Ando, Tetsuya , Berrettini, Wade H., Boehm, Ilka , Boni, Claudette, Perica, Vesna Boraska , Buehren, Katharina, Burghardt, Roland , Cassina, Matteo , Cichon, Sven , Clementi, Maurizio , Courtet, Philippe, Crowley, James J. , Danner, Unna N. , Davis, Oliver S. P. , Zwaan, Martina de, Degortes, Daniela, DeSocio, Janiece E., Dick, Danielle M., Dikeos, Dimitris, Dina, Christian , Dmitrzak‐Węglarz, Monika , Docampo, Elisa, Duncan, Laramie E. , Egberts, Karin , Ehrlich, Stefan , Escaramís, Geòrgia, Estivill, Xavier , Farmer, Anne, Favaro, Angela , Fernández‐Aranda, Fernando , Fichter, Manfred M., Fischer, Krista , Föcker, Manuel , Foretová, Lenka , Forstner, Andreas J. , Franklin, Christopher S., Gallinger, Steven , Giegling, Ina , Giuranna, Johanna, Gonidakis, Fragiskos , Gorwood, Philip , Mayora, Monica Gratacos, Guo, Yiran , Håkonarson, Håkon , Hatzikotoulas, Konstantinos , Hebebrand, Johannes , Helder, Sietske G., Herpertz‐Dahlmann, Beate, Herzog, Wolfgang , Huckins, Laura M. , Hudson, James I. , Imgart, Hartmut , Inoko, Hidetoshi , Janout, Vladimír , Jiménez‐Múrcia, Susana , Kalsi, Gursharan , Kaminská, Deborah , Karwautz, Andreas , Kas, Martien J. , Keski‐Rahkonen, Anna , Kiezebrink, Kirsty , Kim, Youl‐Ri , Klump, Kelly L. , Knudsen, Gun Peggy , Via, Maria C. La, Hellard, Stéphanie Le , Levitan, Robert D., Lilenfeld, Lisa , Lin, Bochao , Lissowska, Jolanta , Luykx, Jurjen J. , Magistretti, Pierre J. , Maj, Mario , Männik, Katrin , Marsal, Sara , Marshall, Christian R. , McDevitt, Sara , McGuffin, Peter, Meulenbelt, Ingrid, Navratilova, Marie, Ντάλλα, Ιωάννα , O’Toole, Julie K., Padyukov, Leonid , Palotie, Aarno , Pantel, Jacques , Papežová, Hana , Pinto, Dalila , Rabionet, Raquel , Raevuori, Anu , Ramoz, Nicolás , Reichborn‐Kjennerud, Ted , Ricca, Valdo , Ritschel, Franziska , Roberts, Marion, Rotondo, Alessandro, Rujescu, Dan, Rybakowski, Filip , Scherer, Stephen W. , Schmidt, Ulrike , Schork, Nicholas J. , Schosser, Alexandra , Šlachtová, Lenka , Landt, M , Slopien, Agnieszka, Sorbi, Sandro , Świątkowska, Beata , Szatkiewicz, Jin P., Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Tenconi, Elena, Tortorella, Alfonso , Tozzi, Federica, Treasure, Janet , Tziouvas, Konstantinos , Elburg, Annemarie , Furth, Eric F. van , Wagner, Gudrun , Walton, Esther , Widén, Elisabeth , Zerwas, Stephanie , Zipfel, Stephan, Bergen, Andrew W. , Brandt, Harry, Crawford, Steven , Halmi, Katherine A. , Johnson, Craig, Kaplan, Allan S. , Kaye, Walter H. , Mitchell, James E. , Olsen, Catherine M. , Pedersen, Nancy L. , Strober, Michael, Whiteman, David C. , Woodside, D. Blake , Grove, Jakob , Henders, Anjali K. , Larsen, Janne Tidselbak , Petersen, Liselotte , Jordan, Jennifer , Kennedy, Martin A. , Birgegård, Andreas , Landén, Mikael , Polimanti, Renato , McClintick, Jeanette N. , Adkins, Amy , Alıev, Fazil , Bacanu, Silviu‐Alin , Batzler, Anthony , Bertelsen, Sarah , Chen, Li‐Shiun , Degenhardt, Franziska , Docherty, Anna R. , Edwards, Alexis C. , Foo, Jerome C. , Fox, Louis , Frank, Josef , Hack, Laura M. , Hartmann, Annette M. , Hartz, Sarah M. , Hodgkinson, Colin A. , Hottenga, Jouke‐Jan, Konte, Bettina , Lahti, Jari , Lahti‐Pulkkinen, Marius , Ligthart, Lannie , Loukola, Anu , Maher, Brion S. , Mbarek, Hamdi , McIntosh, Andrew M. , McQueen, Matthew B. , Meyers, Jacquelyn L. , Milaneschi, Yuri , Palviainen, Teemu , Ryu, Euijung , Saccone, Nancy L. , Salvatore, Jessica E. , Streit, Fabian , Wang, Jen‐Chyong , Webb, Bradley T. , Wetherill, Leah , Wills, Amanda G. , Zhou, Hang , Boardman, Jason D., Chen, Danfeng , Copeland, William , Culverhouse, Robert , Dahmen, Norbert, Domingue, Benjamin W. , Frye, Mark A. , Gäebel, Wolfgang , Ising, Marcus, Keyes, Margaret A., Kiefer, Falk , Koller, Gabriele , Kuperman, Samuel , Lucae, Susanne , Lynskey, Michael T. , Maier, Wolfgang , Müller‐Myhsok, Bertram , Preuss, Ulrich W. , Räikkönen, Katri , Reynolds, Maureen , Ridinger, Monika , Schuckit, Marc A. , Soyka, Michael , Wodarz, Norbert , Zill, Peter , Adkins, Daniel E. , Bucholz, Kathleen K. , Diazgranados, Nancy , Goate, Alison , Goldman, David , Hancock, Dana B. , Hewitt, John K. , Johnson, Eric O. , Krauter, Kenneth , Lind, Penelope A. , McGue, Matt , MacKillop, James , Madden, Pamela A. F. , Maes, Hermine H. , Magnusson, Patrik K. E. , Nelson, Elliot C. , Nöthen, Markus M. , Penninx, Brenda W.J.H. , Porjesz, Bernice , Rice, John P. , Rose, Richard J. , Shen, Pei‐Hong , Silberg, Judy L. , Tarter, Ralph E. , Vrieze, Scott , Zhao, Hongyu , Neale, Benjamin M. , Wade, Tracey , Sullivan, Patrick F., Kaprio, Jaakko , Breen, Gerome , Hottenga, Jouke‐Jan , Hakonarson, Hakon , Lissowska, Jolanta , Kennedy, Martin A , Ehrlich, Stefan , Hottenga, Jouke-Jan , Walton, Esther , Cichon, Sven , Luykx, Jurjen J , Nöthen, Markus M , Le Hellard, Stephanie , Penninx, Brenda W J H , Medland, Sarah E , Rabionet, Raquel , Estivil, Xavier , Padyukov, Leonid , Świątkowska, Beata , Dina, Christian , Palotie, Aarno V. , Ripke, Stephan , Whiteman, David C , Scherer, Stephen W , Tortorella, Alfonso , Streit, Fabian , Egberts, Karin , Goate, Alison M , Docherty, Anna R , Johnson, Eric O , Coleman, Jonathan Ri , Johnson, Emma C. , Gordon, Scott D. , Watson, Hunna J. , Gaspar, Héléna A. , Bryois, Julien , Alfredsson, Lars , Andreassen, Ole A. , Boehm, Ilka , Cone, Roger D. , Courtet, Philippe , Crow, Scott J. , Dedoussis, George , Dick, Danielle M. , Dikeos, Dimitris , Escaramís, Geòrgia , Esko, Tõnu , Forzan, Monica , Guillaume, Sébastien , Hauser, Joanna , Herms, Stefan , Herpertz-Dahlmann, Beate , Julià, Antonio , Karhunen, Leila J. , Kennedy, James L. , Li, Dong , Mattingsdal, Morten , Metspalu, Andres , Micali, Nadia , Mitchell, Karen S. , Monteleone, Alessio Maria , Monteleone, Palmiero , Nacmias, Benedetta , Ophoff, Roel A. , Ripatti, Samuli , Roberts, Marion , Santonastaso, Paolo , Scherag, André , Seitz, Jochen , Slagboom, P. Eline , Tenconi, Elena , Τσίτσικα, Άρτεμις , Tyszkiewicz‐Nwafor, Marta , Zeggini, Eleftheria , Boden, Joseph M. , Horwood, L. John , Pearson, John F , Werge, Thomas Mears , Parker, Richard , Lichtenstein, Paul , Norring, Claes E. A. , Mortensen, Preben Bo , Biernacka, Joanna M. , Bigdeli, Tim B. , Clarke, Toni‐Kim , Heilmann‐Heimbach, Stefanie , Hoffmann, Per , Lai, Dongbing , Peterson, Roseann Elizabeth , Sanchez-Roige, Sandra , Schwandt, Melanie L. , Sherva, Richard , Strohmaier, Jana , Thomas, Nathaniel , Wedow, Robbee , Boardman, Jason D., Choi, Doo‐Sup , Degenhardt, Louisa J , Hayward, Caroline , Kramer, John R. , Mann, Karl F , Männistö, Satu , Murray, Alison D. , Nurnberger, John I , Scherbaum, Norbert , Treutlein, Jens , Witt, Stephanie H. , Boomsma, Dorret I , Bierut, Laura Jean , Brown, Sandra A. , Costello, E. 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Addiction Biology | February 17, 2020 | Volume: 26 | Issue: 1 | Pages: No page available
Abstract Eating disorders and substance use disorders frequently co‐occur. Twin studies reveal shared genetic variance between liabilities to eating disorders and substance use, with the strongest associations between symptoms of bulimia nervosa and problem alcohol use (genetic correlation [ r g ], twin‐based = 0.23‐0.53). We estimated the genetic correlation between eating disorder and substance use and disorder phenotypes using data from genome‐wide association studies (GWAS). Four eating disorder phenotypes (anorexia nervosa [AN], AN with binge eating, AN without binge eating, and a bulimia nervosa factor score), and eight substance‐use‐related phenotypes (drinks per week, alcohol use disorder [AUD], smoking initiation, current smoking, cigarettes per day, nicotine dependence, cannabis initiation, and cannabis use disorder) from eight studies were included. Significant genetic correlations were adjusted for variants associated with major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Total study sample sizes per phenotype ranged from ~2400 to ~537 000 individuals. We used linkage disequilibrium score regression to calculate single nucleotide polymorphism‐based genetic correlations between eating disorder‐ and substance‐use‐related phenotypes. Significant positive genetic associations emerged between AUD and AN ( r g = 0.18; false discovery rate q = 0.0006), cannabis initiation and AN ( r g = 0.23; q < 0.0001), and cannabis initiation and AN with binge eating ( r g = 0.27; q = 0.0016). Conversely, significant negative genetic correlations were observed between three nondiagnostic smoking phenotypes (smoking initiation, current smoking, and cigarettes per day) and AN without binge eating ( r gs = −0.19 to −0.23; qs < 0.04). The genetic correlation between AUD and AN was no longer significant after co‐varying for major depressive disorder loci. The patterns of association between eating disorder‐ and substance‐use‐related phenotypes highlights the potentially complex and substance‐specific relationships among these behaviors.