Chiengthong, Kanhatai

Introduction Premature birth has a causal relationship with hypertension and diabetes, which are significant risk factors for major cardiovascular disease. Nonetheless, little is known whether premature birth portends future risks of acquired heart diseases, for example, ischemic heart disease (IHD), heart failure (HF), and valvular heart disease (VHD). Methods We comprehensively searched the databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane database from inception to December 2021. Studies with prospective and retrospective cohort designs that reported the association between premature birth and acquired heart disease, including IHD, HF, and VHD, were included. Data from each study were combined with a random-effects model. The results were reported in the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results The selected studies were comprised of 7 studies, with 5 studies involving premature birth and the development of IHD in adulthood and 2 studies involving premature birth and HF. No studies reporting the relationship between premature birth and VHD met our initial inclusion criteria. Our study did not find any association between premature birth and IHD in the adulthood (HR 1.14 95% CI 0.91-1.19, P = .16, I 2 = 51%). We found the association between premature birth and acquired HF (HR 1.53 95% CI 1.08-2.16, P = .01, I 2 = 0) Conclusion Premature birth was not statistically associated with IHD in adulthood, but there was a significant association between preterm and HF.

AbstractObjectiveVitamin D status plays an important role in immunoregulation, and a deficiency is believed to be related to Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD) in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We aim to study the association between vitamin D deficiency and GVHD after HSCT.MethodsA literature search was conducted utilizing MEDLINE, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library Database from inception to July 2019. Eligible studies were required to1 be clinical trials or observational studies (cohort, case‐control, or cross‐sectional studies);2 provide data to calculate the odds ratios (OR) of GVHD in HSCT patients with vitamin D deficiency. Two reviewers independently extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. Pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using random‐effects meta‐analysis through the Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis 3.3 software.ResultsIn total, 8 observational studies consisting of 1335 HSCT patients were enrolled in this systematic review. Overall, there was no significant association between vitamin D deficiency and acute GVHD (OR = 1.06, 95% CI 0.74‐1.53, P > 0.05). There was no significant association between vitamin D deficiency and chronic GVHD (OR = 1.75, 95% CI 0.72‐4.26, P > 0.05). Funnel plots and Egger regression asymmetry test were performed and showed no publication bias.ConclusionThere is not a statistically significant association between vitamin D deficiency and neither acute nor chronic GVHD.

Abstract Background Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for many inflammatory disorders and pain-related illnesses. Despite their widespread use, the association between NSAIDs and the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate this association. Methods A systematic review was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases from inception through August 2019 to identify studies that evaluated the risk of AF among patients using NSAIDs. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CI were calculated using a random-effect, generic inverse variance method. The protocol for this meta-analysis is registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews; no. CRD42019141609). Results Eight observational studies (four case–control studies and four cohort studies) with a total of 14 806 420 patients were enrolled. When compared with nonNSAIDs users, the pooled RR of AF in patients with NSAIDs use was 1.29 (95% CI 1.19–1.39). Meta-analyses based on the type of study were additionally performed. Subgroup analysis by study design revealed a significant association between the use of NSAIDs and AF for both case–control studies (pooled RR 1.37; 95% CI, 1.15–1.63) and cohort studies (pooled RR 1.22; 95% CI, 1.14–1.31). Sub-analyses based on specific NSAIDs showed pooled RRs of AF in patients using ibuprofen of 1.30 (95% CI 1.22–1.39), naproxen of 1.44 (95% CI 1.18–1.76) and diclofenac of 1.37 (95% CI 1.10–1.71), respectively. Funnel plot and Egger’s regression asymmetry tests were performed and showed no publication bias. Conclusion NSAID use is associated with incident AF. Our study also demonstrated a consistent result among different NSAIDs.

Abstract Background There are controversial data regarding the relationship between hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and arrhythmias. This meta‐analysis was performed to evaluate the incidence of arrhythmias in patients following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods A literature search was conducted utilizing MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Databases from inception through April 2019. Pooled incidence with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using random‐effects meta‐analysis. The protocol for this meta‐analysis is registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews; no. CRD42019131833). Results Thirteen studies consisting of 10,587 patients undergoing HSCT were enrolled in this systematic review. Overall, the pooled estimated incidence of all types of arrhythmias following HSCT was 7.2% (95% CI: 4.9%‐10.5%). With respect to the most common type of arrhythmia, the pooled estimated incidence of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF/AFL) within 30 days following HSCT was 4.2% (95% CI: 1.7%‐9.6%). Egger's regression test demonstrated no significant publication bias in this meta‐analysis of post‐HSCT arrhythmia incidence. Conclusion The overall estimated incidence of arrhythmias following HSCT was 7.2%. Future large scale studies are needed to further elucidate the significance and clinical impact of arrhythmias in post‐HSCT patients.