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Introduction The rapidly growing population of older adults (individuals aged 65 years and older) presents a new set of challenges for healthcare providers in the emergency department (ED), given the prevalence of severe and life-threatening conditions among this group, such as chronic cancer, Alzheimer’s disease/dementia and congestive heart failure. ED encounters often represent a critical point in an older patient’s trajectory of care and can thus be an important opportunity for various interventions such as palliative care consultation. Therefore, identifying those who will benefit most from palliative care is of high importance, especially in determining the course of future treatment. Thus, we aim to conduct a systematic review assessing the efficacy of palliative care screening in the ED by assessing inpatient length of stay as the primary outcome and quality of life, percentage of hospitalisation and cost of care as secondary outcomes. Methods This study will use Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, EBSCO CINAHL, Web of Science and Cochrane as databases. The study population comprises adults aged 60 years and older, with no focus on any specific clinical specialty or disease. Patients who have not received palliative care screening will serve as the comparator. Only studies with an applicable comparator will be considered. Studies published from 1 January 2000 to 1 July 2025 will be included. All articles will be reviewed independently and in duplicate, and every author will participate in the review, data abstraction and conflict resolution process. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not required as it is a protocol for a systematic review. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. PROSPERO registration number CRD42024562389.

Abstract As Alzheimer's disease (AD) research advances, tau has emerged as both a critical biomarker and a promising therapeutic target, central to understanding disease mechanisms, tracking progression, and guiding treatment development. The Fall 2024 Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable convened experts from academia, industry, National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to explore current progress and future directions in tau‐centered diagnostics and therapeutics. Discussions addressed the integration of tau biomarkers into the 2024 Revised Diagnostic Criteria for AD, updates to amyloid and tau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and modeling of biomarker trajectories. Presenters highlighted tau‐targeting therapeutics including antisense oligonucleotides, monoclonal antibodies, and small molecules, alongside innovations in drug delivery. The interplay between anti‐amyloid and anti‐tau therapies and strategic design of combination trials were key themes. Regulatory insights facilitated discussions on drug approval pathways. The meeting highlighted the rapid evolution of tau research and emphasized opportunities to improve diagnostics, trial design, and treatment strategies in AD. Highlights The Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable (AARR) convened leaders from industry, academia, and government, to explore current progress and future directions in tau‐centered diagnostics and therapeutics. Tau has emerged as both a critical biomarker and a promising therapeutic target, central to understanding disease mechanisms, tracking progression, and guiding treatment development. Discussions addressed the integration of tau biomarkers into the 2024 revised diagnostic criteria for AD, updates to amyloid and tau PET imaging, modeling of biomarker trajectories, tau‐targeting therapeutics, and interplay between anti‐amyloid and anti‐tau therapies and strategic design of combination trials.

Background: Massive weight loss after bariatric surgery (BS) often results in excess skin, leading to physical discomfort and impaired quality of life (QoL). Body contouring surgery (BCS) addresses these issues by restoring body image, improving function, and enhancing overall QoL, but its added value on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) remains underexplored. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases was conducted from inception to March of 2025. Studies comparing PROMs between patients undergoing BS alone and those undergoing BS + BCS were included. Retrieved studies were assessed using the Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. Outcomes were pooled using random effects models. Results: Fifteen non-randomized studies involving 7339 patients were included (BS, 4339 [59.1%]; BS + BCS, 3000 [40.9%]). Patients undergoing BS + BCS had a significantly greater percentage of total weight loss (mean difference [MD], 4.40% [95% CI, 1.69, 7.10]; P < 0.01). BODY-Q improvements favored the BS + BCS group in body image, physical, psychological, sexual, and social function (MD, 16.07 [95% CI, 12.14, 20.0]; P < 0.01). Among patients receiving only BS, those desiring BCS reported lower body satisfaction (MD, −0.40 [95% CI, −0.70, −0.10]; P < 0.01) and lower appraisal of excess skin scores (standardized MD, −1.09 [95% CI, −1.83, −0.36]; P = 0.02) than those without desire for BCS. Conclusions: BCS after BS yields substantial improvements in overall QoL. These findings highlight the importance of BCS as a fundamental element of comprehensive postbariatric care that significantly enhances long-term patient satisfaction and drives durable multidimensional recovery.

Abstract eSource – particularly EHR-to-EDC – is an emerging paradigm in clinical research that enables automated transfer of electronic health record (EHR) data into electronic data capture (EDC) systems, with the potential to reduce site burden, improve data quality and accelerate oncology clinical trial workflows. However, widespread implementation remains limited due to technical, regulatory and operational barriers. To address these challenges, the European Institute for Innovation through Health Data (i~HD) launched the eSource Scale-Up Task Force in 2024. This multi-stakeholder initiative brings together leading oncology centres and pharmaceutical sponsors to establish a consensus-driven roadmap for eSource adoption. Central to this effort are three foundational resources: readiness criteria for early adopters, a performance indicator framework for monitoring success and an operational playbook to guide implementation. This article provides a structured overview of the Task Force’s objectives, collaborative model and outputs, with specific attention to its focus on interoperability, regulatory alignment and real-world validation. While initially developed for oncology, the Task Force’s framework is applicable across therapeutic areas characterized by data-intensive workflows.

Goals: A systematic review and meta-analysis of published clinical validity studies was conducted to evaluate the predictive performance of the TSP-9 test. Background: Identifying patients with Barrett’s esophagus (BE) who will progress to high-grade dysplasia (HGD) or esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is challenging. The tissue systems pathology (TSP-9) test can predict risk of progression to HGD/EAC in BE patients. Study: Databases were searched for studies that assessed the clinical validity of TSP-9, and data describing progressors, non-progressors, TSP-9 results, and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted. Odds ratios (OR), sensitivity, specificity, and prevalence-adjusted positive and negative predictive values (PPV adj /NPV adj ) were calculated and used for meta-analysis. Results: Six studies met eligibility criteria, comprising 699 patients. ORs and HRs for TSP-9 had mean common effect size estimates of 6.52 (95% CI: 4.40-9.66, P <0.0001, I 2 =33%) and 6.66 (95% CI: 4.59-9.66, P <0.0001, I 2 =0%), respectively, for predicting progression to HGD/EAC. Mean common effect size estimates were 61% (95% CI: 54%-68%) for sensitivity, 81% (95% CI: 78%-84%) for specificity, 28% (95% CI: 17%-42%) for PPV adj (high risk), 14% (95% CI: 9%-21%) for PPV adj (high/int risk), and 97% (95% CI: 96%-98%) for NPV adj with minimal inter-study heterogeneity ( I 2 =79%, 21%, 0%, 0%, and 0%, respectively). Conclusions: Effect estimates of TSP-9 performance demonstrate that the test provides risk stratification for BE patients. The TSP-9 test can provide clinically impactful results to enable escalation of care for high-risk patients or to identify low-risk patients who can be safely managed with routine surveillance.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort analysis. Objective: To determine the effect of long-segment posterior cervical decompression and fusion (PCDF) on perioperative changes in vertebral Hounsfield Units (HUs) and the impact of these changes on radiographic outcomes and fusion status. Summary of Background Data: Low preoperative CT HUs have been associated with adverse outcomes after spinal fusion, including hardware complications and reoperation. No existing studies have investigated the preoperative to postoperative change in HUs after cervical spinal fusion. Stress shielding may decrease bone quality within the fusion construct. Whereas, altered junctional loading and increased segmental mobility may precipitate bony hypertrophy in the terminal and adjacent levels. Methods: All adult patients who underwent C2-T2 PCDF for myelopathy/ myeloradiculopathy at an academic center between 2013 and 2020 were retrospectively identified. Preoperative and postoperative HUs were assessed on axial CT images in the cranial, middle, and caudal C2, C6, T2, and T3 vertebral bodies, outside of the region of instrumentation and artifact by 2 independent reviewers. Paired t test compared preoperative to postoperative changes in HUs. Preoperative and long-term postoperative cervical alignment, fusion, and revision rates were assessed. Univariate and regression analysis compared patient factors and outcomes between groups with perioperative increase versus decrease in vertebral HUs. Results: One hundred patients were included. The average preoperative to postoperative change in HUs in the C2, C6, T2, and T3 vertebral bodies were −19.80 (P=0.008), −52.63 (P<0.001), 15.15 (P=0.014), and 9.41 (P=0.346), respectively. Perioperative increase in C2 HUs was predictive of increased postoperative distal junctional angle (β=3.41, P=0.048) and increased T1–T4 kyphosis (β=6.50, P=0.003). Perioperative increase in C6 HU predicted pseudoarthrosis (fusion odds ratio: 0.19, P=0.007). Conclusions: Significant perioperative decreases in C6 HUs within a long-fused construct may demonstrate stress shielding. The significant association between greater distal kyphosis and an increase in C2 HUs may be attributed to a stress riser effect. Level of Evidence: Level III.

Background: Housing instability and HIV are both associated with early onset of aging-related health conditions, including frailty. However, little is known about the relationship between housing and frailty among people with HIV. Methods: We analyzed data on adults in HIV care collected during routine clinical visits at 6 sites within the US Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) between 2019 and 2024. We measured frailty using a previously validated approach, defined as having at least three of four components (fatigue, weight loss, immobility, inactivity) vs. less than three components. Housing status was based on self-perceived living situation in the past month (“Stable,” “Unstable,” “Homeless,” or “Don’t know”). We estimated the association between most recent housing status and frailty with prevalence ratios from relative risk regression adjusted for sociobehavioral and clinical characteristics. Results: Among 6961 people with HIV (84% men, 16% women) with a median age of 52 years (IQR: 40–60), 11% ( n = 760) were frail and 9% ( n = 625) were unstably housed (5% unstable, 3% homeless, 1% do not know). Compared to individuals with stable housing, the prevalence of frailty more than doubled among those experiencing unstable housing [prevalence ratio = 2.41, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.95–2.97] or homelessness (prevalence ratio = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.56–2.69). Stratified analyses indicated stronger associations among younger vs. older individuals and among those virally suppressed vs. unsuppressed. Conclusion: Housing instability and frailty were both prevalent and strongly associated among adults in HIV care, including within younger and virally suppressed subgroups. These findings highlight the importance of social determinants of health for clinical outcomes among all people with HIV.

465 Background: Molecular testing is crucial in advancing precision medicine, enabling oncologists to tailor targeted treatment strategies for cancer patients (pts). The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and ASCO guidelines recommend comprehensive biomarker testing for pts with mPC. However, compliance can vary considerably among institutions. This study aimed to assess current practices of molecular testing in diverse healthcare settings across the state of Florida and identify opportunities for improvement to optimize outcomes for pts diagnosed with mPC. Methods: We conducted a detailed 12-question survey, distributed both electronically and in-person to evaluate the molecular testing practices of healthcare providers throughout the state. The survey assessed multiple parameters including adherence to testing, reviewing test results to guide treatment decisions, and the availability of different supportive resources in biomarker testing. This initiative was executed in partnership with the Florida Society of Clinical Oncology and industry partners. Results: A total of 40 responses were collected from 11 institutions in Florida, including 5 academic centers and 6 community-based hospitals. Notably, 22.5% of respondents reported that their institutions either do not fully comply with NCCN guidelines or lack protocols to identify eligible pts and 67.5% stated they are responsible for their own biomarker education and updates. Only 56.4% consistently review molecular testing results during disease progression to guide treatment decisions. Nearly all institutions lack clinical decision support tools in the electronic medical records (EMR) to support testing, and 82.5% receive biomarker results outside the EMR. Additionally, 38.5% lack a standard process for obtaining prior authorization for testing. Furthermore, 38.5% lack a multidisciplinary review process for genetic test results, and 76.3% reported that their biomarker testing process does not involve geneticists or genetic counselors. Conclusions: Our study identified critical gaps in adherence to biomarker testing guidelines with many practices lacking decision support tools across healthcare institutions in Florida. Potential areas for improvement include better standardization of result integration into EMR, targeted educational initiatives, and stronger multidisciplinary collaborations. The implementation of these measures aims to improve the quality of care and outcomes for pts with mPC.