Citations

Abstract We evaluated outcomes by management type for patients with stage IA nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) in the Global NLPHL One Working Group retrospective database of 2243 patients with stages I to IV disease diagnosed from 1992 to 2021 at 38 international institutions. A total of 779 patients had stage IA disease with median age of 35 years (range, 3-89) and median follow-up of 6.1 years. The 6-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were 86.3% and 97.7%, respectively. Outcomes were analyzed for the 2 groups: complete resection and unresected disease. Patients with a complete resection and observation alone (n = 99) had a 6-year PFS of 65.5% vs 90.5% for those who received radiotherapy (RT) (n = 53). Patients with unresected disease (n = 627; 80.5%) had a 6-year PFS of 62.0% for rituximab alone (n = 31), 89.6% for RT alone (n = 325), 76.8% for ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) alone (n = 40), and 94.3% for ABVD plus RT (n = 130). A total of 127 patients relapsed (16.3%), of which 25 (19.7%) had transformation. Our analysis suggests the following: (1) RT improves the PFS in patients with completely resected disease; (2) rituximab or ABVD alone does not appear to achieve a durable response; and (3) chemotherapy was not observed to add additional PFS benefit when used in combination with RT. Thus, for stage IA NLPHL, RT alone is likely sufficient for definitive treatment.

Abstract Purpose The aim was to evaluate the ability of four large language models (LLMs) (OpenAI's ChatGPT‐3.5, Microsoft 365 Copilot, DeepSeek‐R1, and Google Gemini 2.5 Pro) to develop treatment options when presented with clinical cases published in the maxillofacial prosthodontics literature. Materials and Methods Six maxillofacial case reports were fed to the LLMs following a prompt that requested prosthodontic treatment options from the perspective of a prosthodontist. Expert evaluators scored the relevance, clarity, depth, focus, and coherence of the responses. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, two‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), post hoc Tukey tests, Pearson correlation analyses, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), were performed ( α < 0.05). Results There were significant differences among the total mean relevance ( p = 0.003), clarity ( p = 0.006), depth ( p < 0.001), focus ( p < 0.001), and coherence ( p < 0.001) scores of chatbots. Copilot consistently scored the lowest, and Gemini or DeepSeek scored the highest for all five factors. Depth ( p = 0.006), focus ( p = 0.024), and coherence ( p = 0.013) scores of senior prosthodontists were slightly higher than those of junior prosthodontists. Pearson correlation analysis revealed positive correlations between the total mean scores for all five factors ( p < 0.001). Conclusions The study demonstrates the ability of LLMs to develop maxillofacial prosthetic treatment plans tailored to specific clinical scenarios. There were significant differences between the abilities of the LLMs evaluated in this study. Copilot scored the lowest for all factors evaluated, and Gemini and/or DeepSeek scored the highest.

Abstract The Bridging the Gaps (BTG) in Leukemia, Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma Consensus Conference 2025 brought together a multidisciplinary group of oncology experts to address the complexities of lymphoma management, focusing on mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This article presents consensus recommendations developed through a modified Delphi process, which emphasize the need for tailored therapeutic strategies in light of recent advancements in treatment options. Key recommendations include the screening for high‐risk features in MCL, use of the BOVen regimen (zanubrutinib, obinutuzumab, and venetoclax) for TP53 ‐aberrant cases, and integration of chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy for patients with mantle cell lymphoma that is refractory to covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors. For CLL, recommendations include consideration of time‐limited therapies for younger patients and a “watch and wait” strategy for asymptomatic patients despite the improved activity and safety of current treatment regimens. For DLBCL, this article highlights the challenges in treatment sequencing and the role of circulating tumor DNA and minimal residual disease testing in monitoring disease progression. Overall, the conference describes the importance of ongoing research to refine management strategies and improve patient outcomes in lymphoma care, addressing the gaps in clinical practice where high‐level evidence is lacking.

These NCCN Guidelines for Distress Management discuss the identification and treatment of psychosocial problems in patients with cancer. They are intended to assist oncology teams to identify patients who require referral to psychosocial resources and to give oncology teams guidance on interventions for patients with significant distress. These guidelines also provide guidance for social workers, certified chaplains, and mental health professionals by describing treatments and interventions for various psychosocial problems as they relate to patients with cancer. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize the panel’s most recent recommendations regarding standards of care for distress management in patients with cancer and implementation of these standards, including application of evidence-based care delivery models, such as the collaborative care model.

Abstract The B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)–targeting bispecific T-cell engager pavurutamab (AMG 701) directs the cytotoxic T-cell response toward multiple myeloma (MM) cells. This phase 1/1b, open-label, dose-exploration and dose-expansion study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of pavurutamab monotherapy in patients with triple-class relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM). Pavurutamab (5-18 000 μg) was administered IV weekly with step-up dosing in week 1. Overall, 172 patients received at least 1 dose of pavurutamab; 73 received the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D; 18 000 μg), with 2 different step-up dosing regimens in phase 1b. Twelve patients had dose-limiting toxicities, which included cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and increased transaminases; none of which occurred at the RP2D. The most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse events included CRS (74.4%), anemia (61.0%), neutropenia (47.1%), and hypophosphatemia (45.3%). Grade ≥3 infections were noted in 60 patients (34.9%). The overall response rate (ORR) was 46.5% among all patients and 65.8% (very good partial response [VGPR] or better, 60.3%) among 73 patients treated at the RP2D. At median follow-up of 17.2 months, median duration of response (DOR) was 36.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 22.3 to not estimable). Median progression-free survival (PFS) for all patients was 5.5 months (95% CI, 2.8-10.1) and 16.8 months (95% CI, 5.0 to not estimable) with the RP2D. Pavurutamab exposure generally increased in a dose-proportional manner, with high soluble BCMA levels correlating with lower exposure level. The acceptable safety profile, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary efficacy of pavurutamab supports anti-BCMA T-cell engager therapy in heavily pretreated patients with RRMM. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03287908.

ABSTRACT Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is most often idiopathic or related to benign conditions such as Meniere's disease. However, SSNHL caused by vertebrobasilar ischemia is rare and may precede life‐threatening neurological deficits. We present the case of a 67‐year‐old male with hypertension and hyperlipidemia who developed acute vertigo, left‐sided hearing loss, dysarthria, right facial droop, and right‐sided weakness. Initial non‐contrast CT was unremarkable, but computed tomography angiography (CTA) revealed a near‐occlusive thrombus in the mid‐basilar artery. MRI showed an acute infarct in the left cerebellum within the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) distribution, which supplies the internal auditory artery. Subsequent audiometry confirmed bilateral SSNHL, more severe on the left. The patient was outside the thrombolysis window but underwent cerebral angiography, which confirmed chronic left vertebral occlusion and high‐grade basilar stenosis. He was started on dual antiplatelet therapy and high dose statin therapy and discharged to rehabilitation with residual vertigo and hearing loss. This case emphasizes that SSNHL and vertigo can be early signs of posterior circulation stroke. High‐grade basilar stenosis affecting AICA flow may compromise perfusion to the auditory and vestibular systems. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for vertebrobasilar ischemia in patients presenting with audiovestibular symptoms, even in the absence of classic stroke findings. Early imaging with MRI and CTA is critical for diagnosis. Recognizing these atypical presentations enables timely management and may reduce long‐term neurologic impairment.

Abstract Modern radiation therapy (RT) technologies allow for improved sparing of normal tissues, decreasing the risk of both acute and long-term toxicities. Existing RT dose constraints for prospective trials within the National Clinical Trials Network (NCTN) were formulated in the context of solid malignancies. As patients with hematologic malignancies are often treated with lower RT doses and are usually younger with more favorable prognoses, customized dose constraints are needed. The NRG Oncology Hematologic Malignancies Working Group (NRG HEME) commissioned a review of existing organ-at-risk (OAR) constraints from published primary literature, the NRG Center for Innovation in Radiation Oncology (CIRO), and national guidelines. Customized constraints were developed by iterative review by NRG HEME. Final recommendations were approved by radiation oncology representatives from all the lymphoma NCTN groups (NRG Oncology, Children’s Oncology Group, Alliance, ECOG-ACRIN, SWOG, Canadian Cancer Trials Group). For 49 OARs, a strict recommended constraint was determined, of which 20 were not present in CIRO. Of the remaining 29 constraints, 20 were lower, 2 were the same, and 5 used different metrics; 2 were higher than at least 1 CIRO trial constraint. Acceptable variations were determined and unacceptable variations were added for select critical OARs for plan scoring. While doses to OARs without explicit unacceptable variations should not exceed acceptable variations, violations should not be considered for plan quality assessment on trials. This consensus list of standard OAR constraints should be incorporated for all future NCTN trials in hematologic malignancies. Strict dose constraints will minimize long-term toxicities in this patient population.