Kimura, Yasuyuki

Is tau load associated with long-term outcomes of TBI? By using PET to assess tau deposits in patients with chronic TBI, Takahata et al. reveal elevated tau load compared to age-matched controls, and show that the abundance of tau in white matter is associated with late-onset neuropsychiatric symptoms.

AbstractBackground[11C]pyridinyl‐butadienyl‐benzothiazole 3 is a PET imaging agent designed for capturing pathological tau aggregates in diverse neurodegenerative disorders, and would be of clinical utility for neuropathological investigations of PSP.ObjectivesTo explore the usefulness of [11C]pyridinyl‐butadienyl‐benzothiazole 3/PET in assessing characteristic distributions of tau pathologies and their association with clinical symptoms in the brains of living PSP patients.MethodsWe assessed 13 PSP patients and 13 age‐matched healthy control subjects. Individuals negative for amyloid β PET with [11C]Pittsburgh compound B underwent clinical scoring, MR scans, and [11C]pyridinyl‐butadienyl‐benzothiazole 3/PET.ResultsThere were significant differences in binding potential for [11C]pyridinyl‐butadienyl‐benzothiazole 3 between PSP patients and healthy control subjects (P = 0.02). PSP patients exhibited greater radioligand retention than healthy control subjects in multiple brain regions, including frontoparietal white matter, parietal gray matter, globus pallidus, STN, red nucleus, and cerebellar dentate nucleus. [11C]pyridinyl‐butadienyl‐benzothiazole 3 deposition in frontoparietal white matter, but not gray matter, was correlated with general severity of parkinsonian and PSP symptoms, whereas both gray matter and white matter [11C]pyridinyl‐butadienyl‐benzothiazole 3 accumulations in the frontoparietal cortices were associated with nonverbal cognitive impairments. Autoradiographic and fluorescence labeling with pyridinyl‐butadienyl‐benzothiazole 3 was observed in gray matter and white matter of PSP motor cortex tissues.ConclusionsOur findings support the in vivo detectability of tau fibrils characteristic of PSP by [11C]pyridinyl‐butadienyl‐benzothiazole 3/PET, and imply distinct and synergistic contributions of gray matter and white matte tau pathologies to clinical symptoms. [11C]pyridinyl‐butadienyl‐benzothiazole 3/PET potentially provides a neuroimaging‐based index for the evolution of PSP tau pathologies promoting the deterioration of motor and cognitive functions. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.