Establishes a robust long-term human adipocyte organoid culture system maintained for over 90 days. Recapitulates key features of OSA-related intermittent hypoxia in human adipocytes in vitro. Demonstrates IH-induced adipocyte aging, including ultrastructural damage and epigenetic reprogramming. Identifies impaired adipogenesis and insulin signaling under intermittent hypoxia. Provides a physiologically relevant platform for mechanistic studies and drug screening.
3D-printing technologies and biomaterial innovations for bone tissue engineering: current status and future perspectives
Enhancing stability is a crucial factor in selecting bioactive compounds in most applications, while encapsulation techniques have proven to be a promising solution.