Potluri, Geethika

Abstract Disclosure: V. Adedara: None. K. Maddineni: None. A. Dekhne: None. M. Chinthapalli: None. G. Potluri: None. A. Parisapogu: None. K. Markandu: None. H. Desai: None. Background: Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) stands as the foremost cause of mortality globally, contributing to 9.6 million deaths. Elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) consistently feature among the risk factors associated with IHD. Methods: Employing the Global Burden of Disease framework, we computed mortality and DALYs linked to IHD attributable to LDL-C, stratified by age-sex, year, and covering 204 countries and territories during the period from 1990 to 2019. Non-fatal health outcomes were estimated using DISMOD MR 2.1, Bayesian meta-regression tool for epidemiological modelling. Results were expressed in absolute counts and age-standardized rates (ASR) per 100,000 person-years. Results: The total number of deaths attributed to IHD due to elevated LDL-C increased from 2.5 million (95% Uncertainty Interval: 2-3.1 million) in 1990 to 3.7 million (95% UI: 2.8-4.8 million) in 2019. Concurrently, DALYs increased from 60.4 million (95% UI: 50.4-70.7 million) in 1990 to 84.9 million (95% UI: 69.5-101.3 million) in 2019. In terms of ASR, the annual percentage change (APC) in death rates decreased by 36%, and DALY rates decreased by 32% from 1990 to 2019. Regionally, East Asia exhibited the highest increase in APC in death counts by 191%, followed by Commonwealth Low-Income countries at 164%, and Oceania at 160% during the same period. Conversely, the Commonwealth High-Income region experienced the highest decrease at 41%. Males displayed higher APC in death (48% vs. 44%) and DALYs (42% vs. 38%) compared to females over the last three decades. In terms of ASR, males observed a higher decrease compared to females. In 2019, the age group 80-84 years had the highest number of deaths at 534,079 (264,177-813,898), while DALYs were most pronounced in the 55-59 year age group, reaching 10.6 million (8.9-12.3 million). Conclusion: IHD remains a significant global health challenge, with high LDL-C levels being a crucial modifiable risk factor. Age-sex disparities in the burden of IHD are evident, driven by variations in LDL-C metabolism, hormonal changes, and lifestyle factors. Recognizing and addressing these disparities is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies tailored to different populations and age groups. Presentation: 6/2/2024

Abstract Disclosure: V. Adedara: None. M. Chinthapalli: None. A. Parisapogu: None. G. Potluri: None. K. Markandu: None. K. Maddineni: None. H. Desai: None. Introduction: Thyroid cancer (TC) is an increasingly pressing health issue worldwide, particularly within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, which account for 36.57% of all global TC cases. This study focuses on the impact of high Body Mass Index (h-BMI), paralleling rising obesity rates, on the burden of TC across 38 OECD countries. Method: Employing the Global Burden of Disease framework, we analyzed the trends in deaths, Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), and Years Lived with Disabilities (YLDs) attributable to TC attributable to h-BMI, considering variables such as age, sex, year, and location over the past three decades. Results: Our findings show a significant increase in the total number of TC deaths attributable to h-BMI, rising from 873 (95%UI: 422-1471) in 1990 to 1646 (95%UI: 819-2703) in 2019. Similarly, DALYs escalated from 22041 (95%UI: 10576-37075) in 1990 to 39485 (95%UI: 19952-63534) in 2019, with YLDs increasing from 2360 (95%UI: 1082-4179) to 6170 (95%UI: 3036-10416). The age-standardized rate (ASR) showed an annual percentage change (APC) in the death rate of 5% (95%UI: -0.07-20%), and a 10% increase (95%UI: 2-10) in DALYs rate over three decades. The United States reported the highest number of deaths at 449 (95%UI: 233-703) in 2019. Regarding ASR, Iceland had the highest death rate of 0.16 per 100,000, followed by Mexico (0.13), Estonia (0.11), and Latvia (0.11). Males exhibited a higher APC in deaths (131% vs. 60%) and DALYs (112% vs. 52%) compared to females over the last three decades. Additionally, an increase in deaths was observed with advancing age, with the highest DALYs noted in the 75-79 year age group. Conclusion: To effectively address the rising thyroid cancer rates linked to high BMI, a unified approach is essential: public health policies must focus on obesity prevention, clinicians should integrate BMI management in thyroid cancer care, collaboration between policymakers and healthcare providers needs strengthening, and public awareness about the risks of high BMI must be increased to promote early screening and lifestyle changes. Presentation: 6/3/2024

10575 Background: Cancer stands as the 2nd leading cause of deaths and disability in the United States (US), and among the numerous contributing factors, modifiable risk factors play a significant role in exacerbating this burden. Within the spectrum of cancers, alcohol consumption ranks as the second leading attributable cause of death, as per the Global Burden of Disease Cancer Attributable Risk Factor Study. Methods: Employing the GBD protocol, we conducted an estimation of deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to cancer caused by alcohol consumption in the US. This comprehensive analysis was stratified by age, gender, year, and geographical location throughout the US, from 1990 to 2019. To project future trends, we utilized time-series regression techniques to forecast deaths until the year 2040. Results: The total number of cancer-related deaths in the US surged from 19,898 (95%UI: 17,791-22,149) in 1990 to 34,455 (30,542-38,388) in 2019. Concurrently, DALYs increased from 532,533 (480,249-586,646) in 1990 to 854,351 (764,549-949,378) in 2019, and YLLs rose from 501,639 (452,446- 554,400) in 1990 to 802,493 (717,123-891,789) in 2019. The highest annual percentage change (APC) in ASR for mortality was observed in West Virginia, with a 32% increase, followed by Tennessee at 27%. Conversely, the District of Columbia witnessed the most significant decrease, with a 30% reduction from 1990 to 2019. In terms of DALYs rates, the highest increases were observed in West Virginia (27%) and Oklahoma (21%). Males bore a greater overall burden compared to females, with an APC in deaths of 97% vs 40% and an APC in DALYs of 87% vs 26%. The highest number of deaths occurred in the 60-64 age group, with 5,228 cases in 2019, while DALYs reached 154,034 in the same year. Projections indicate that the total number of deaths is expected to increase by 49,230 by the year 2040. Conclusions: In 2019, cancer-related deaths attributed to alcohol use represented 4.42% of all cancer mortality cases. From both a public health and clinician perspective, the study's results highlight the urgent need for comprehensive strategies to address the growing burden of cancer associated with alcohol use. Efforts should focus on prevention, early intervention, and support for individuals struggling with alcohol-related cancer risks. [Table: see text]