Citations 2
A precise atlas of the human subcortex
Friedrich, Helen, Sahin, Ilkem Aysu , Alho, Eduardo Joaquim Lopes , Holanda, Vanessa Milanese, Brammerloh, Malte , Matthies, Cordula , Volkmann, Jens, Meyer, Garance M. , Kirilina, E. ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1304-4363, Pijar, Julianna , Garimella, Arun , Fox, Michael D, Friedrich, Maximilian, Edlow, Brian L., Neudorfer, Clemens, Horn, Andreas, Li, Ningfei , Edlow, Brian L , Horn, Andreas , Rajamani, Nanditha , Oxenford, Simón , Mustin, Maike, Zvarova, Patricia , Krüger, Lara, Demann, Richard, Goede, Lukas L. , Kirilina, Evgeniya P. , Volkmann, Jens , Horisawa, Shiro , Howard, Calvin, Fox, Michael , Friedrich, Maximilian, Bochtler, Anja, Edlow, Brian L. , Neudorfer, Clemens , Horn, Andreas
No container title available | February 15, 2026 | Volume: No volume available | Issue: No issue available | Pages: No page available
Abstract Clinical interventions and neuroimaging in the subcortex require anatomical definitions that exceed the resolution and anatomical detail of currently available deformable brain atlases. Here, we introduce a high-resolution human brain atlas comprising 95 manually segmented grey and white matter structures as well as 82 white matter tracts compiled from a multitude of resources including ex-vivo MRI, histology, fibre dissections, and neuroanatomy textbooks. The atlas is defined at an isotropic resolution of 100 μm and can be precisely deformed to individual subject brain anatomy. By providing precise definitions of both grey and white matter structures within and around the basal ganglia, thalamus, subthalamus, midbrain and cerebellum, the atlas provides a foundational resource for stereotactic surgery and subcortical brain imaging research, as well as for development of next-generation neuromodulation strategies.
Rationale for the Development of a Novel Clinical Grading Scale for Postoperative Facial Nerve Function: Results of a Multidisciplinary International Working Group
Carlson, Matthew L. , Lohse, Christine M. , Babu, Seilesh C. , Barker, Frederick G., Barnett, Samuel , Biggs, Nigel, Boahene, Kofi , Breen, Joseph T. , Brown, Kevin D. , Cayé‐Thomasen, Per , Cosetti, Maura K. , Deep, Nicholas L. , Dornhoffer, James R. , Forner, David , Hansen, Marlan R. , Kalamarides, Michel , Kim, Irene A., Kircher, Matthew L., Link, Michael J., Lloyd, Simon , Lund‐Johansen, Morten , Marinelli, John P. , Matthies, Cordula , Moore, Eric J. , Nassiri, Ashley M. , Neff, Brian A., Patel, Neil S. , Celda, María Peris, Plitt, Aaron , Sweeney, Alex D. , Tasche, Kendall K. , Tatagiba, Marcos , Tveiten, Øystein Vesterli , Vrabec, Jeffrey T. , Wanna, George B. , Weisskopf, Peter A., Tatagiba, Marcos , Agazzi, Siviero , Bi, Wenya Linda , Dey, Jacob K. , Gurgel, Richard Klaus , Hunter, Jacob B. , King, Andrew Thomas , Lassaletta, Luis , Mehta, Vikas , Nelson, Rick F , Olson, Jeffrey J. , Price, Daniel L. , Roland, J. Thomas , Gompel, Jamie J. Van
Otology & Neurotology | October 24, 2023 | Volume: 44 | Issue: 10 | Pages: e747-e754
Objective The objective of the current study was to present the results of an international working group survey identifying perceived limitations of existing facial nerve grading scales to inform the development of a novel grading scale for assessing early postoperative facial paralysis that incorporates regional scoring and is anchored in recovery prognosis and risk of associated complications. Study Design Survey. Setting A working group of 48 multidisciplinary clinicians with expertise in skull base, cerebellopontine angle, temporal bone, or parotid gland surgery. Results House-Brackmann grade is the most widely used system to assess facial nerve function among working group members (81%), although more than half (54%) agreed that the system they currently use does not adequately estimate the risk of associated complications, such as corneal injury, and confidence in interrater and intrarater reliability is generally low. Simplicity was ranked as the most important attribute of a novel postoperative facial nerve grading system to increase the likelihood of adoption, followed by reliability and accuracy. There was widespread consensus (91%) that the eye is the most critical facial region to focus on in the early postoperative setting. Conclusions Members were invited to submit proposed grading systems in alignment with the objectives of the working group for subsequent validation. From these data, we plan to develop a simple, clinically anchored, and reproducible staging system with regional scoring for assessing early postoperative facial nerve function after surgery of the skull base, cerebellopontine angle, temporal bone, or parotid gland.