Citations 1
Long-term clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 and chronic liver disease: US multicenter COLD study
Aby, Elizabeth S. , Moafa, Ghady, Sultan, Mohammad T., Cacioppo, Paula A., Kumar, Sonal , Chung, Raymond , Bloom, Patricia P. , Gustafson, Jenna , Daidone, Michael , Reinus, Zoe, Debes, José D. , Sandhu, Sunny , Khalid, Sameeha , Roytman, Marina , Catana, Andreea M. , Wegermann, Kara , Carr, Rotonya M. , Saiman, Yedidya , Kassab, Ihab , Chen, Vincent , Rabiee, Atoosa , Rosenberg, C. E., Nguyen, Veronica , Gainey, Christina S. , Chavin, Kenneth D. , Chascsa, David M. , Varelas, Lee , Moghe, Akshata , Dhanasekaran, Renumathy , Latt, Nyan , Bloom, Patricia P , Debes, Jose D , Sandhu, Sunny , Sohal, Aalam , Khalid, Sameeha , Roytman, Marina , Catana, Andreea Maria , Wegermann, Kara , Carr, Rotonya M , Chen, V L , Rabiee, Atoosa , Nguyen, Veronica , Gainey, Christina , Zhou, Kali , Chavin, Kenneth , Lizaola-Mayo, Blanca , Chascsa, David M , Varelas, Lee , Dhanasekaran, Renumathy , Lizaola‐Mayo, Blanca
Hepatology Communications | January 24, 2023 | Volume: 7 | Issue: 1 | Pages: e8874-e8874
10.1097/01.hc9.0000897224.68874.de
Background: COVID-19 is associated with higher morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLDs). However, our understanding of the long-term outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with CLD is limited. Methods: We conducted a multicenter, observational cohort study of adult patients with CLD who were diagnosed with COVID-19 before May 30, 2020, to determine long-term clinical outcomes. We used a control group of patients with CLD confirmed negative for COVID-19. Results: We followed 666 patients with CLD (median age 58 years, 52.8% male) for a median of 384 (interquartile range: 31–462) days. The long-term mortality was 8.1%; with 3.6% experiencing delayed COVID-19-related mortality. Compared to a propensity-matched control group of patients with CLD without COVID-19 (n=1332), patients with CLD with COVID-19 had worse long-term survival [p<0.001; hazards ratio (HR): 1.69; 95% CI: 1.19–2.41] and higher rate of hospitalization (p<0.001, HR: 2.00, 1.62–2.48) over a 1-year follow-up period. Overall, 29.9% of patients reported symptoms of long-COVID-19. On multivariable analysis, female sex (p=0.05, HR: 2.45, 1.01–2.11), Hispanic ethnicity (p=0.003, HR: 1.94, 1.26–2.99), and severe COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation (p=0.028, HR: 1.74, 1.06–2.86) predicted long-COVID-19. In survivors, liver-related laboratory parameters showed significant improvement after COVID-19 resolution. COVID-19 vaccine status was available for 72% (n=470) of patients with CLD and history of COVID-19, of whom, 70% (n=326) had received the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusions: Our large, longitudinal, multicenter study demonstrates a high burden of long-term mortality and morbidity in patients with CLD and COVID-19. Symptoms consistent with long-COVID-19 were present in 30% of patients with CLD. These results illustrate the prolonged implications of COVID-19 both for recovering patients and for health care systems.