Brisou, Gabriel

Abstract Introduction: The prognosis of patients (pts) with histological transformation (HT) of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) remains dismal with standard chemoimmunotherapy. CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies (CAR-T) can lead to durable responses in relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) and are approved in the second or third line settings. Pts with HT-WM were largely excluded from CAR-T trials. We previously reported high response rates in a series of 23 pts. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a larger cohort of pts with R/R HT-WM treated with CAR-T with a longer follow-up. Methods: We performed a multicenter retrospective study of pts with biopsy-proven transformed WM/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma treated with CAR-T in the French DESCAR-T registry (NCT04328298), 4 centers from ECWM and 4 US centers. This study includes updated data from previously published cases (Durot et al, Blood, 2024). Responses were assessed according to the Lugano 2014 criteria. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) were graded according to the ASTCT 2019 consensus criteria. Hematological toxicity and infections were graded according to the NCI CTCAE (version 5.0). Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated from the date of CAR-T infusion and estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: 50 pts were included (39 from DESCAR-T centers, 7 from US centers and 4 from ECWM centers). Median age was 60 (range: 32-72) and 68 (range: 42-82) years at WM diagnosis and CAR-T infusion, respectively. MYD88L265P and CXCR4 mutations were present in 79% (23/29) and 15% (2/13) of patients with available data, respectively. The median time from WM to HT diagnosis was 5.3 years (range: 0-32). Median prior lines of therapy was 1 (range: 0-9) for WM and 2 for HT (range: 0-4). Twenty (40%) pts previously received a BTK inhibitor for WM or HT, 12 (24%) underwent prior autologous SCT and 1 pt allogeneic SCT. 40% of pts presented primary refractory disease and 44% were refractory to last treatment before CAR-T. 40 pts (80%) received bridging therapy, of whom 17 (44%) responded (7 complete responses (CR)). 35 (70%), 10 (20%), and 5 (10%) pts received axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel), tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel), and lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel), respectively. The best overall response rate (ORR) was 94%, with 44 (88%) pts reaching CR. With a median follow-up of 25.7 months (range: 1-69) from CAR-T infusion, the median PFS was 1.2 years (95% CI: 0.5-4.5) and median OS was 4.2 years (95% CI: 1.2-not reached). Median duration of response was 1.5 years (95% CI: 0.4-4.4), with a median of 4 years (95% CI: 1.5-NR) for pts still in CR at 6 months after CAR-T. 22 pts experienced relapse/progression after CAR-T, 19 related to LBCL and 3 to WM. Median survival after relapse was 7.9 months (95% CI: 3.8-25.3). At LBCL relapse after CAR-T, salvage therapy consisted of CD20xCD3 bispecific antibodies for 9 pts, lenalidomide +/- anti-CD20 or anti-CD19 antibody for 6 pts, and BTKi for 3 pts. Among 19 pts who died, 14 (74%) were due to progressive disease and 5 (26%) from infections. 37 (76%) pts experienced CRS, including 2 (4%) grade 3 events, and 22 (45%) had ICANS, with 2 (4%) ≥ grade 3 events. 17 (35%) pts presented infections, including 12 ≥ grade 3. 21 (43%) pts developed ≥ grade 3 prolonged cytopenias (ie, not resolved within 30 days post infusion). CNS involvement due to LBCL was present in 11 pts (22%) at the time of CAR-T. 6 of them had ICANS, with 1 grade 4. The best ORR was 91% (best CR 91%). Only 1 patient did not obtain a response, with stable disease at 1 month and progression at 3 months. The median PFS was 1.2 year (95% CI: 0.2-NR) and median OS was NR (95% CI: 0.5-NR). On univariate analysis, only elevated LDH was correlated with worse PFS (HR 2.5, p=0.04) and OS (HR 3.3, p=0.04). Other variables, including number of prior lines of therapy, MYD88 mutation status, primary refractory disease, refractory to last treatment, CNS involvement before CAR-T, response after bridging therapy and type of CAR-T received, were not associated with inferior PFS or OS. Conclusion: This cohort represents the largest series of pts with transformed WM treated with anti-CD19 CAR-T. We confirm the high efficacy previously reported with an acceptable safety profile, including for pts with CNS involvement due to LBCL at CAR-T infusion.

Abstract Introduction: Plamotamab (XmAb13676) is a humanized bispecific antibody that binds both CD20 and CD3 to recruit cytotoxic T cells to kill CD20 expressing malignant cells. Interim results of an ongoing first-in-human (FIH), dose-escalation study (XmAb13676-01; NCT02924402) in subjects with relapsed/refractory (R/R) non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) are reported. Methods: The study is an FIH, multi-center, open-label, phase 1, dose-escalation study in subjects with R/R NHL with a standard 3 + 3 design. The primary objectives are to determine safety, tolerability, and the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) or recommended dose of plamotamab. Secondary objectives include preliminary anti-tumor activity and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of plamotamab. This study has 3 Parts: Part A, escalating dose cohorts that establish an initial priming dose as part of repeated weekly infusions at a fixed, weight-based dose in a 28-day cycle; Part B, with a dosing schedule consisting of a priming dose on Cycle 1 Day 1, established in Part A, followed by step-up dosing (SUD) on subsequent weeks; and Part C is an SUD regimen with flat and less frequent dosing. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) prophylaxis with dexamethasone, antihistamine, and acetaminophen was mandated prior to each administration of plamotamab. Treatment was continued for 2 cycles or longer if there was evidence of therapeutic benefit. Results: At data cut-off (01Jul2021), 80 subjects with NHL have been treated. Subjects had a median age of 62 years (range 32-89), a median of 4 prior therapies (range 1-10), and had been diagnosed a median of 28 months (range 6-353) prior to treatment in the study. The most common treatment-related adverse event was CRS. Overall, 50 subjects (62.5%) experienced CRS, with 4 (5.0%) experiencing Grade ≥ 3 CRS. No related neurotoxicity >Grade 2 has been observed. Treatment responses for NHL were assessed by the Lugano criteria or International Working Group criteria for Waldenström Macroglobulinemia. There have been 23 objective responses (43.4% overall response rate [ORR]) and 13 (38.2%) at doses of ≥ 80 µg/kg or flat dosing in all evaluable subjects with NHL and diffuse large cell B-cell lymphoma, respectively. In the efficacy-evaluable, follicular lymphoma population, at doses of 80-360 µg/kg or flat dosing, objective responses were observed in 8/10 (80%) subjects. After implementation of flat dosing, as opposed to weight-based dosing, a 50% ORR (4/8 evaluable subjects) has been observed in NHL subjects in that cohort. An MTD has not been reached, and dose escalation is ongoing. Overall, 4 out of 16 (25%) evaluable subjects with prior CAR-T therapy responded to plamotamab. Conclusions: Plamotamab demonstrated evidence of clinical activity in heavily pretreated subjects with R/R NHL. CRS was generally manageable with premedication. The study is ongoing with further optimization of dose and schedule. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Patel: Kite Pharma: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Genentech: Consultancy; Morphosys: Consultancy; Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; BeiGene: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy; Abbvie: Consultancy; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; MEI Pharma: Consultancy; ADC Therapeutics: Consultancy; Lilly: Consultancy. Michot: GSK: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; MSD: Consultancy, Honoraria; Innate Pharma: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; H3 biomedecine: Research Funding; GSK: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; Gamamabs: Research Funding; Forma: Research Funding; Exelixis: Research Funding; Eos: Research Funding; Eisai: Research Funding; Debiopharm: Research Funding; Daiichi Sankyo,: Research Funding; Clovis: Research Funding; Chugai: Research Funding; Boeringer Ingelheim: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Blueprint: Research Funding; Beigene: Research Funding; Bayer: Research Funding; Argen-x: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding; Agios: Research Funding; Aduro: Research Funding; Abbvie: Research Funding; ASTEX: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Astra Zeneca: Honoraria, Research Funding; Roche: Honoraria; Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Chanan-Khan: Alpha2 Pharmaceuticals, NonoDev, Starton: Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company; Ascentage: Research Funding; Cellectar: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Alpha2 Pharmaceuticals: Patents & Royalties: Tabi; Ascentage, Starton, Cellectar, NonoDev, Alpha2 Pharmaceuticals: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BeiGene, Jansen, Ascentage: Honoraria; BieGene, Jansen, Ascentage: Consultancy. Ghesquieres: Janssen: Honoraria; Mundipharma: Consultancy, Honoraria; Roche: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Gilead Science: Consultancy, Honoraria. Byrd: Vincerx Pharmaceuticals: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis, Trillium, Astellas, AstraZeneca, Pharmacyclics, Syndax: Consultancy, Honoraria; Newave: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Cartron: Roche, Celgene-BMS: Consultancy; Danofi, Gilead, Novartis, Jansen, Roche, Celgene-BMS, Abbvie, Takeda: Honoraria. Portell: Acerta/AstraZeneca: Research Funding; Xencor: Research Funding; SeaGen: Research Funding; Targeted Oncology: Honoraria; Aptitude Health: Honoraria; Abbvie: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Honoraria; Kite: Honoraria, Research Funding; Merck: Honoraria, Research Funding; BeiGene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Morphosys: Honoraria; TG Therapeutics: Honoraria, Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; VelosBio: Research Funding. Solh: Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Partner Therapeutics: Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy; ADCT Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding. Wierda: Loxo Oncology, Inc.: Research Funding; GSK/Novartis: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company: Research Funding; Miragen: Research Funding; Sunesis: Research Funding; Gilead Sciences: Research Funding; KITE Pharma: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Juno Therapeutics: Research Funding; Acerta Pharma Inc.: Research Funding; Xencor: Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Research Funding; Cyclacel: Research Funding; Oncternal Therapeutics, Inc.: Research Funding; Karyopharm: Research Funding; Genzyme Corporation: Consultancy; AbbVie: Research Funding. Johnson: Xencor: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Divested equity in a private or publicly-traded company in the past 24 months, Ended employment in the past 24 months. Garcha: Xencor: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company; Promedim: Ended employment in the past 24 months. Ribrag: AstraZeneca: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; GSK: Research Funding; MSD Pharmaceuticals: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Infinity Pharmaceuticals: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Servier: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Argen-X: Research Funding; Bristol Myers Squibb: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Astex Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Incyte: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Nanostring: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; PharmaMar: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Epizyme: Honoraria, Research Funding; Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Liebowitz: Xencor: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Divested equity in a private or publicly-traded company in the past 24 months. Phillips: Incyte: Consultancy, Other: received travel expenses from Incyte, Research Funding; ADCT, BeiGene, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cardinal Health, Incyte, Karyopharm, Morphosys, Pharmacyclics, Seattle Genetics: Consultancy; AbbVie: Consultancy, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Genentech: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Bayer: Consultancy, Research Funding.