Gococo-Benore, Denise A.

Abstract Background: This study reports incidence, timing, characteristics, and surveillance imaging of mammographic axillary adenopathy following COVID-19 vaccination. As COVID-19 immunizations continue, with possible booster vaccines upcoming, this study offers timing considerations and potential follow-up recommendations for breast imaging after vaccination. Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients (pts) who received at least one COVID-19 vaccine prior to screening (SM) or diagnostic mammography (DM) at Mayo Clinic Florida between January 15 to May 31, 2021. Vaccine-related information was queried by mammography technologists. Adenopathy was assessed by interpreting radiologists and follow-up studies were collated. Mammogram adenopathy included single enlarged node, multiple enlarged nodes, and adenopathy with soft tissue stranding. Ultrasound adenopathy included mildly prominent nodes with preserved fatty hila to rounded nodes with apparent loss of a fatty hilum. Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Fisher’s exact test were used to compare continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between days from vaccine and adenopathy. Results: Of 2349 pts, 34 (1.4%) had adenopathy (DM=6; SM=28) and 3 (0.1%) were symptomatic. Presence of axillary symptoms was associated with abnormal imaging (p<0.001) with an odds ratio of 33 in multivariable model. Median time after vaccine for pts with adenopathy was significantly shorter at 14 days compared to 33 days for pts without adenopathy (p<0.001). Incidence of adenopathy decreased as days from vaccine increased (3.4% for 0-14 days, 2.1% for 15-28 days, and 0.4% for > 28 days, p<0.001). After adjusting for being symptomatic, days from vaccine still had a significant impact on finding mammographic adenopathy (for each day after vaccine, OR=0.96, p<0.001). No significant difference was seen based on age (p=0.66), vaccine brand (p=0.66), vaccine dose (p=0.18). ROC analysis to identify a cutoff value for presence/absence of adenopathy was 0.74 (95% CI 0.67-0.81) at 22.5 days following vaccination. Additional imaging with mammogram and/or ultrasound was requested for 31 pts. These included no follow-up (n=4, 12.9%), repeat ultrasound with or without mammogram in 1-3 months (n=26, 83.9%), and biopsy (n=1, 3.2%, pt with ipsilateral breast cancer with negative results, presumably vaccine induced). To date, all pts who underwent surveillance imaging demonstrated normalization of lymph node appearance. The median time for abnormal imaging related to adenopathy to return to BI-RADS 1 or 2 was 84 (range 13-157) days. Conclusion: The incidence of COVID-19 vaccine-induced adenopathy in this study (1.4%) appeared to be lower than self-reported axillary swelling in COVID-19 vaccine trials (16%) but is still higher than the reported incidence of adenopathy on an otherwise normal SM (0.02-0.04%). The incidence of adenopathy decreased significantly over time and was not present in most pts 28 days after the vaccine. In patients with abnormal adenopathy, followup imaging showed resolution of vaccine-induced adenopathy in most patients by 3 months. Adenopathy(N=34)No Adenopathy (N=2315)P valueAge0.66N342314Median (Range)63.5 (35.0, 83.0)64.0 (30.0, 94.0)Q1, Q351.5, 72.555.0, 71.0Exam type<0.001DM6 (13.3%)39 (86.7%)SM28 (1.2%)2276 (98.8%)Symptomatic<0.001Missing032Yes3 (23.1%)10 (76.9%)No31 (1.3%)2273 (98.7%)Vaccine brand0.66Missing119mRNA-127319 (1.7%)1117 (98.3%)BNT162b214 (1.2%)1138 (98.8%)Other0 (0.0%)41 (100.0%)Vaccine dose0.18Missing0181st9 (2.2%)409 (97.8%)2nd25 (1.3%)1888 (98.7%)Days from vaccine<0.001Median (Range)14.0 (1.0, 91.0)33.0 (0.0, 239.0)Q1, Q38.2, 20.816.0, 61.0Days from Vaccine<0.0010-1418 (3.4%)519 (96.6%)15-2811 (2.1%)513 (97.9%)>285 (0.4%)1283 (99.6%) Citation Format: Kristin Robinson, Santo Maimone, Pooja P Advani, Zhuo Li, Denise Gococo-Benore, Neda Qosja, Ashita Mummareddy, Ahmed M Ashai, Annamaria Wilhelm, Robert Maxwell, Martha Wasserman, Neema Patel, Andrey Morozov, Saranya Chumsri. Incidence and time to resolution of axillary adenopathy on mammography after COVID-19 vaccination [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-03-19.

230 Background: Inpatient mortality review is commonly used to improve patient care. Individual review of outpatient deaths is less common, yet 30-day mortality after hospital stay is an important quality metric. In this study, we sought to identify opportunities for care improvement by reviewing outpatient mortalities for cancer patients who died within 30 days of hospitalization. Methods: We identified 48 patients at Mayo Clinic Florida, with a hematologic (heme) or solid tumor (onc) cancer, who died within 30 days of an index hospital stay in 2018. We created a 32-question review survey to address quality of care around the hospital stay. The review team consisted of 1) heme or onc attendings, 2) heme/onc fellows, and 3) palliative care attendings. Each case was reviewed by one member of each of the 3 groups, split into heme or onc cases. Discrepancies in objective data points were resolved by the research team. Results: Of 143 surveys sent to 13 physicians (3 heme), 112 responses from 11 physicians (1 heme) for 47 patients were received. Twenty-one patients (45%) received cancer therapy within 30 days of death, and 23 (49%) were admitted >2 times in 2 months prior to death. For onc cases, attendings rated prognosis as discussed 83% of the time, vs 65% of fellows and 39% of palliative care; in heme cases, the attending rated prognosis as discussed 11% of the time, vs 86% of fellows and 50% of palliative care. In heme cases, the attending rated expected survival <3 months in 33% of cases vs 71% by fellows and 89% by palliative care; in onc cases, the reviews were more consistent (79% attending, 85% fellow, 93% palliative care). See Table for timing of prognosis discussions and palliative care involvement. Conclusions: The most common improvement opportunities identified by reviewing heme/onc patients who died within 30 days of a hospital stay included documented prognosis discussion and involvement of palliative care. Opportunities differed between heme and onc patients. Future directions include identifying and mitigating barriers that providers face in reaching these goals for their patients. [Table: see text]

e21069 Background: Lobectomy remains the standard of care for definitive management of stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is considered primarily for patients who were either unwilling to have surgery or deemed to be medically unfit for surgery. Current NCCN guidelines indicate the use of CT for surveillance following curative-intent therapies and recommend CT every 6 months for 2-3 years followed by CT annually without clear guidance on how long to keep doing annual CT scans. This study aims to evaluate the patterns of lung cancer recurrence within and beyond five years post curative therapy. Methods: Patients diagnosed with stage I NSCLC and treated with either curative surgery or SBRT from 1998-2016 at Mayo Clinic Florida were identified. Through retrospective chart review, data was collected on clinical and demographic features, surveillance imaging, pathology, time to recurrence or new primary lung cancer, and location of recurrence (loco-regional vs. distant). Statistical analysis with chi-square test was performed to identify risk factors associated with recurrence. Results: In total, 203 patients with stage I NSCLC were identified with most patients treated with surgery (n = 181) compared with SBRT (n = 22). Median time of follow up is 85 months. Overall, 48 patients (23.6%) developed a recurrence, with the median time to recurrence of 22.3 (3.9-69.8) months. Most recurrences were identified within 5 years from curative therapy (42/48) with 6 patients having a recurrence between 5 and 10 years post curative therapy. Of the 37 patients followed for more than 10 years, there were no recurrences. Twenty seven patients had new primary lung cancers identified and among them, 15 were found within 5 years, 10 found between 5-10 years and 2 found beyond 10 years. Median time to new primary lung cancer was 58.1 months. A positive smoking history and stage IB were found significantly associated with lung cancer recurrence (chi-square test P = 0.007 and P = 0.04 respectively), while age, gender, histology, grade, and treatment type had no association. Conclusions: In this study of 203 patients with stage I NSCLC treated with curative intention, there was no evidence of recurrent disease after 10 years following curative therapy, questioning the utility of continued annual CT surveillance once patients hit this milestone.