Citations

Primary pulmonary Hodgkin lymphoma (PPHL) is a rare entity. Most reported cases occurred before the availability of PET scan for accurate staging of the disease. We report a case of PPHL for which PET/CT scan was used and surgery was performed to confirm the diagnosis. A review of cases of PPHL since 1990 suggests that adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy after surgical resection of the lung lesions achieve better disease control than surgical resection alone. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 110:341–344. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The purpose of this pictorial essay is to demonstrate the imaging features (ultrasound, mammogram, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) of AlloDerm®(LifeCell Corp.; Branchburg, NJ), an acellular dermal matrix sometimes used in both primary and reconstructive breast surgeries. AlloDerm®is derived from cadaveric dermis and provides an immunologically inert scaffold in tissue reconstruction. Since there is little literature on the imaging of this substance, radiologists may be unfamiliar with its appearance in breast imaging. For this manuscript,ex vivoandin vivoimages of AlloDerm®in postmastectomy patients were evaluated using different imaging modalities. The appearance of AlloDerm®can vary based on length of time postsurgery and incorporation into the host. AlloDerm®appears as an isodense to glandular tissue on a mammogram and isoechoic to glandular tissue on ultrasound imaging. On MRI, in comparison with normal breast parenchyma, AlloDerm®is hyperintense on T2-weighted imaging and isointense on T1-weighted imaging and demonstrates mild enhancement. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first multimodality imaging description of AlloDerm®used in postmastectomy patients. The conformation of AlloDerm®at surgical placement and the degree of host cell migration and neoangiogenesis are factors to take into consideration when performing diagnostic evaluations; and, familiarity with the various imaging appearances of AlloDerm®can be helpful to exclude residual or recurrent disease.

Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is implicated in cognitive functions. Altered concentrations of the compound are found in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Further studies to determine whether KYNA serves as a biomarker for cognitive decline and dementia progression are required. In this study, we measured CSF KYNA levels in AD patients (n = 19), patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) (n = 18), and healthy age-matched controls (Ctrls)) (n = 20) to further explore possible correlations between KYNA levels, cognitive decline, and well-established AD and inflammatory markers. Neither DLB patients nor AD patients showed significantly altered CSF KYNA levels compared to Ctrls. However, female AD patients displayed significantly higher KYNA levels compared to male AD patients, a gender difference not seen in the Ctrl or DLB group. Levels of KYNA significantly correlated with the AD-biomarker P-tau and the inflammation marker soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in the AD patient group. No associations between KYNA and cognitive functions were found. Our study shows that, although KYNA was not associated with cognitive decline in AD or DLB patients, it may be implicated in AD-related hyperphosphorylation of tau and inflammation. Further studies on larger patient cohorts are required to understand the potential role of KYNA in AD and DLB.

AbstractTo better understand early adolescent emotion talk within close same‐sex friendships, this observational study examined emotion talk, as measured by emotion term use, in relation to friend supportive and dismissive responses to such terms among 116 adolescents (58 friend dyads) in Grades 7–8 (56.9% female, M = 13.08, SD = .61). Partial intra‐class correlation coefficients derived by using actor partner interdependence models revealed similarities in the frequency of dyad mates use of positive and negative emotions terms. Chi‐square analyses indicated that when friends responded to participants' emotion talk supportively, rather than dismissively, participants were more likely to disclose emotions in subsequent utterances. Research and clinical implications for early adolescent emotional development are discussed.

AbstractOrbital meningiomas can be classified as primary optic nerve sheath (ON) meningiomas, primary intraorbital ectopic (Ob) meningiomas and spheno‐orbital (Sph‐Ob) meningiomas based on anatomic site. Single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐based array analysis with the Illumina 300K platform was performed on formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue from 19 orbital meningiomas (5 ON, 4 Ob and 10 Sph‐Ob meningiomas). Tumors were World Health Organization (WHO) grade I except for two grade II meningiomas, and one was NF2‐associated. We found genomic alterations in 68% (13 of 19) of orbital meningiomas. Sph‐Ob tumors frequently exhibited monosomy 22/22q loss (70%; 7/10) and deletion of chromosome 1p, 6q and 19p (50% each; 5/10). Among genetic alterations, loss of chromosome 1p and 6q were more frequent in clinically progressive tumors. Chromosome 22q loss also was detected in the majority of Ob meningiomas (75%; 3/4) but was infrequent in ON meningiomas (20%; 1/5). In general, Ob tumors had fewer chromosome alterations than Sph‐Ob and ON tumors. Unlike Sph‐Ob meningiomas, most of the Ob and ON meningiomas did not progress even after incomplete excision, although follow‐up was limited in some cases. Our study suggests that ON, Ob and Sph‐Ob meningiomas are three molecularly distinct entities. Our results also suggest that molecular subclassification may have prognostic implications.