Citations

ABSTRACTIntroductionLung transplantation has become increasingly utilized in patients with COVID‐19. While several single‐center and UNOS database studies have been published on lung transplants (LTs) for end‐stage lung disease (ESLD) from Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), there is a lack of multi‐center and international data.MethodsThis is a multicenter analysis from 11 high‐volume lung transplant centers in the United States and Europe. Data were collected through the Multi‐Institutional ECLS Registry and stratified by ESLD due to COVID‐19 versus other etiologies. Demographics and clinical variables were compared using Chi‐square test and Fisher's exact test. Survival was assessed by Kaplan‐Meier curves and compared by log‐rank test with propensity score matching.ResultsOf 1606 lung transplant recipients, 46 (2.9%) were transplanted for ESLD from COVID‐19 compared to 1560 (97.1%) without a history of COVID‐19. Among COVID‐19 patients, 30 (65.2%) had COVID‐19‐associated ARDS and 16 (34.8%) had post‐COVID‐19 fibrosis. COVID‐19 patients had higher lung allocation scores (78.0 vs. 44.4, p < 0.0001), had severely limited functional status (37.0% vs. 2.9%, p < 0.0001), had higher preoperative ECMO usage (65.2% vs. 5.4%, p < 0.0001), and spent less time on the waitlist (32 vs. 137 days, p < 0.0001). A 30‐day survival was comparable between COVID‐19 and non‐COVID‐19 patients before (100% vs. 98.7%, p = 0.39) and after propensity matching (p = 0.15).ConclusionsPatients who received LTs due to COVID‐19 had short‐term survival comparable to that of patients without COVID‐19. Our findings support the idea that lung transplantation should be considered for select patients with ESLD due to COVID‐19.

Abstract Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic impacted many higher education institutions. Understanding the personal protective beliefs and behaviors surrounding public health measures such as facemasking, social distancing, and handwashing helps to inform public health outreach measures. Objective This study evaluates the beliefs and occurrences of facemasking, social distancing, and handwashing behaviors among people at a multi-campus, public university in Pennsylvania. Methods From October 5 - November 30, 2021, a 10-minute REDCap survey was available to students, faculty, and staff 18 years of age and older at the Pennsylvania State University (PSU). Recruitment included targeted email, social media, digital advertisements, and university newspapers. 4,231 responses were received. Simple percentage associations between the selected factors and facemasking behaviors as well as beliefs on the origin of the COVID-19 virus were made with IBM SPSS Statistics, version 29.0.2.0 (20). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed using R statistical software to identify factors associated with facemasking, social distancing, and handwashing behaviors. Results Of 3,662 completed surveys, 65.2% of respondents were positive that facemasks prevented the transmission of airborne disease, 49.9% of the respondents stated that they wore facemasks always (27.9%), almost always (26.9%), or often (11.1%). 65.3% believed social distancing prevented transmission of COVID-19, 57.5% reported social distancing while on-campus or out in public (always: 18.8%, almost always: 20.3%, often: 18.4%). The response rate for some level of conscientiously washing hands for the 20 second duration was 87.5% (always: 26.0%, almost always: 31.9%, sometimes: 19.9%, only after being out in public: 4.9%, and only when convenient: 4.8%). Belief in effectiveness of personal protective measures was the strongest predictor of masking and social distancing behaviors. Faculty were more likely than students to report consistent masking, while other behaviors lacked this role-based significance. Social distancing was strongly associated with age and political views, and handwashing was strongly associated with gender. Conclusions Beliefs in public health and safety measures during the COVID-19 pandemic did not always match the behaviors of individuals surveyed. Understanding barriers to performing behaviors or public health safety may help inform future areas for targeted intervention. Adherence to personal protective behaviors varied across age, gender, institutional role, and political leaning, further emphasizing the importance of targeted public health education.

AbstractThe tauopathies are defined by pathological tau protein aggregates within a spectrum of clinically heterogeneous neurodegenerative diseases. The primary tauopathies meet the definition of rare diseases in the United States. There is no approved treatment for primary tauopathies. In this context, designing the most efficient development programs to translate promising targets and treatments from preclinical studies to early‐phase clinical trials is vital. In September 2022, the Rainwater Charitable Foundation convened an international expert workshop focused on the translation of tauopathy therapeutics through early‐phase trials. Our report on the workshop recommends a framework for principled drug development and a companion lexicon to facilitate communication focusing on reproducibility and achieving common elements. Topics include the selection of targets, drugs, biomarkers, participants, and study designs. The maturation of pharmacodynamic biomarkers to demonstrate target engagement and surrogate disease biomarkers is a crucial unmet need.Highlights Experts provided a framework to translate therapeutics (discovery to clinical trials). Experts focused on the “5 Rights” (target, drug, biomarker, participants, trial). Current research on frontotemporal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal syndrome therapeutics includes 32 trials (37% on biologics) Tau therapeutics are being tested in Alzheimer's disease; primary tauopathies have a large unmet need.

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Abstract As the prevalence of hip arthroscopy increases, hip capsular defects are increasingly recognized as a source of recurrent symptoms in the young athletic hip. The hip capsule is of substantial importance in providing joint stability and normal biomechanics. Several recent studies have demonstrated that capsular closure at the time of primary hip arthroscopy improves both short‐ and long‐term patient‐reported outcomes, revision rates, and conversion to arthroplasty. Similarly, capsular insufficiency has been shown to be a source of recurrent pain and microinstability. Arthroscopic hip capsular management in the setting of chronic defects can be technically challenging, and far medial defects along the iliopsoas bursa are historically difficult to successfully repair because of challenging access and common lack of a proximal cuff of tissue for repair. We present an effective method for arthroscopic management of far medial hip capsular defects that consistently allows for reproducible capsular repair even in the absence of proximal capsular tissue. Technique Video video See video under supplementary data.