Citations

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveThere is limited information about the potential relationship of socioeconomic status (SES) with acne in preadolescents. Our objective was to assess the possible relationship between SES and preadolescent acne.MethodsA population‐based retrospective cohort study was conducted to identify Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents with an initial acne diagnosis between 7 and ≤12 years old during 2010 to 2018 using the Rochester Epidemiology Project. For each acne case, we randomly selected 2 sex‐ and age‐matched controls without an acne diagnosis from the county. Individual HOUsing‐based SocioEconomic Status index (HOUSES) derived from real property data was used to evaluate SES, represented as four quartiles with higher quartile representing higher SES.ResultsA total of 604 patients met the criteria. HOUSES distribution significantly differed between cases and controls (p = .001); a higher proportion of acne cases were in quartile 4 (42.2% vs. 32.7%), indicating higher SES. Race and ethnicity did not significantly differ between cases and controls. Among cases and controls, 74.5% and 72.3% were White, respectively. Study limitations include its retrospective design, only patients who visited a physician were included, and Olmsted County residents are largely non‐Hispanic White.ConclusionPreadolescents diagnosed with acne have a higher SES than those without diagnosed acne, highlighting a potential disparity in access to care and appropriate diagnosis.

Objective: Using a triage algorithm for primary cytoreductive surgery (PCS) reduces perioperative mortality, however, nonlethal complications are common. This study identified procedures associated with postoperative complications in triage-appropriate women, with the aim of guiding the next steps to foster surgical quality improvement. Materials and Methods: Consecutive triage-appropriate women with stage IIIC/IV ovarian cancer undergoing PCS, from January 2012 to April 2018, were included. The expanded Accordion scale was used to grade complications. Adjusted risk ratios ( RRs ) were calculated to quantify the association between concomitant procedures and risk of 30-day grade 3+ (G3+) complications by fitting Poisson regression models adjusted for performance status and age. Population-attributable risk (PAR) was calculated based on the adjusted RR s and prevalence of each procedure. Results: Of 214 women, 82.7% had intermediate- or high-complexity surgery, 68.7% had complete gross resection, 3.7% had residual disease >1 cm, and 18.7% experienced G3+ complications. In univariate analysis, operative time, surgical complexity, splenectomy, and bowel resection (any and extent of) were associated with G3+ complications. Operative time, bowel resection (any, extent of, and large) were associated with G4+ complications. In the adjusted analysis for G4+ complications, bowel resection (any, extent of, and large) had statistically significant PAR values of 60.7%, 54.7%, and 50.8%, respectively. PAR values associated with G3+ complications were 27.4% and 26.8% for any and multiple bowel resections, respectively. Conclusions: Bowel resection, upper abdominal procedures, and longer operative times are essential for PCS, but each contributes to the relatively constant rates of postoperative morbidity despite triage to prevent frail patients from undergoing PCS. Surgical-improvement research should focus on improving the safety of these procedures. (J GYNECOL SURG 39:123)

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of the Certified Child Life Specialist (CCLS) on pediatric pain and pain management during routine immunization administration in the pediatric primary care clinic. Children 4–12 years of age ( n = 125) presenting for a well child physical examination at a rural primary care clinic were selected to receive standard nursing care or standard nursing care plus CCLS support during routine immunization administration. Patient reported pain was measured using the Faces Pain Scale‐Revised (FPS‐R), and patient behavioral responses were measured during immunization administration using the Children's Emotional Manifestation Scale (CEMS). The performance of psychosocial interventions and administration of topical pain‐relieving interventions were measured between both groups. CCLS support was associated with fewer negative emotional behaviors during immunization administration among 7‐ to 12‐year‐old children and a significantly higher provision of psychosocial interventions and topical pain‐relieving interventions among all ages. This study demonstrates that the presence of a CCLS can increase the provision of psychosocial and pain‐relieving interventions and reduce distress during immunization administration in a busy pediatric primary care clinic.

Abstract Data evaluating change in body composition during treatment of advanced cancer are limited. Here we evaluated computed tomography (CT)–based changes in muscle mass during treatment for advanced ovarian cancer (OC) and association with outcomes. We analyzed the preoperative and posttreatment skeletal muscle index (SMI), skeletal muscle area normalized for height of 109 patients with advanced OC who underwent primary surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy from 2006 to 2016. Based on an SMI less than 39 cm2/m2, 54.1% of patients were never sarcopenic, 24.8% were sarcopenic on both CT scans, and 21.1% were newly sarcopenic upon treatment completion. Patients who lost muscle during treatment had the worst survival of the 3 groups identified: median survival 2.6 years vs 4.6 years if sarcopenic on both CT scans and 4.8 years if never sarcopenic. Loss of muscle portends a poor prognosis among patients with OC. Additional research is needed to better understand and best mitigate these changes.

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesLittle is known about acne incidence in preadolescents and its potential association with body mass index (BMI). Our study aims to determine acne incidence in preadolescents and its association with BMI.MethodsA population‐based retrospective cohort study identified 7‐ to ≤12 year‐olds with an initial acne diagnosis during 2010–2018, and incidence was calculated. Two age‐ and sex‐matched controls without acne were randomly selected per case, and BMI was recorded.ResultsA total of 643 acne patients were identified. Annual age‐ and sex‐adjusted incidence rate was 58.0 per 10,000 person‐years, higher in females vs. males (89.2 vs. 28.2 per 10,000 person‐years, p < .001), and increased with age (4.3, 24.4, and 144.3 per 10,000 person‐years among 7–8, 9–10, and 11–12 year‐olds, respectively, p < .001). Systemic medication use was associated with increasing BMI (odds ratio = 1.43 per 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI, 95% CI 1.07–1.92, p = .015). Median BMI percentile was higher among acne cases vs. controls (75.0 vs. 65.0, p < .001), as was the proportion with BMI ≥95th percentile (16.7% vs. 12.2%, p = .01).ConclusionAcne incidence is higher in preadolescent girls than boys and increases with age. Preadolescents with acne are more likely to be obese than those without acne. Those with higher BMIs are more likely to be given systemic treatment.

AbstractObjectiveTo compare perioperative costs and morbidity between open and robotic sacrocolpopexy after implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway.MethodsThe present retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing open or robotic sacrocolpopexy (January 1, 2014, through November 30, 2017) used an ERAS protocol with liposomal bupivacaine infiltration of laparotomy incisions. Primary outcomes were costs associated with index surgery and hospitalization, determined with Medicare cost‐to‐charge ratios and reimbursement rates and adjusted for variables expected to impact costs. Secondary outcomes included narcotic use, length of stay (LOS), and complications from index hospitalization to postoperative day 30.ResultsFor the total of 231 patients (open cohort, 90; robotic cohort, 141), the adjusted mean cost of robotic surgery was $3239 higher compared with open sacrocolpopexy (95% confidence interval [CI] $1331–$5147; P < 0.001). Rates were not significantly different for intraoperative complications (robotic, 4.3% [6/141]; open, 5.6% [5/90]; P = 0.754), 30‐day postoperative complications (robotic, 11.4% [16/141]; open, 16.7% [15/90]; P = 0.322), or readmissions (robotic, 5.7% [8/141]; open, 3.3% [3/90]; P = 0.535). The percentage of patients dismissed on postoperative day 1 was greater in the robotic group (89.4% [126/141] vs. 48.9% [44/90], P < 0.001).ConclusionsDecreased LOS associated with ERAS provided significant cost savings with open sacrocolpopexy versus robotic sacrocolpopexy without adverse impacts on perioperative complications or readmissions.