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Impact on MPN Symptoms and Quality of Life of Front Line Pegylated Interferon Alpha-2a Vs. Hydroxyurea in High Risk Polycythemia Vera and Essential Thrombocythemia: Interim Analysis Results of Myeloproliferative Disorders Research Consortium (MPD-RC) 112 G
Harrison, Claire , Yacoub, Abdulraheem , Rambaldi, Alessandro , Berenzon, Dmitriy, Ewing, Joanne, Winton, Elliott F., Leibowitz, D , Arcasoy, Murat O. , Catchatorian, Rosalind, Rondelli, Damiano , Silver, Richard T. , Ritchie, Ellen K. , Nagler, Arnon , Kremyanskaya, Marina , Schlenk, Richard F. , Weinberg, Rona Singer , Salama, Mohamed E. , Tognoni, Gianni , Prosperini, Giuseppe, Lelio, Alessandra Di, Serone, Eliseo , Marfisi, Lorenzo, Orellana, Alicia, Barbui, Tiziano , Rambaldi, Alessandro , Mesa, Ruben A. , Hoffman, Ronald, Kosiorek, Heidi , Prchal, Josef T. , McMullin, Mary Frances , Vannucchi, Alessandro M. , O'Connell, Casey Lee , Kiladjian, Jean‐Jacques , Mead, Adam J. , Stefano, Valerio De , Kessler, Craig M. , Orellana, Alicia, Dueck, Amylou C. , Mascarenhas, John

Blood | October 12, 2019 | Volume: 128 | Issue: 22 | Pages: 4271-4271

10.1182/blood.v128.22.4271.4271 Get It

Abstract Background: Patients (pts) with polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) suffer from disease related events linked to risk of vascular events, splenomegaly, progression to myelofibrosis/acute leukemia, and disease related symptoms arising from both elevated cytokines and issues of vascular flow. Impact of front line therapy on ET/PV symptoms has not been reported in a systematic fashion. Methods: MPD-RC 112 trial (NCT01258856) enrolled cytoreductive therapy naïve (hydroxyurea [HU] <3 mo) pts with high risk ET or PV within 3 years of diagnosis. Pts were randomized (1:1, stratified by ET vs PV) to either response adjusted pegylated interferon alpha 2a (PEG) or HU. MPN symptoms, treatment toxicities, and quality of life (QoL) were measured by the MPN-SAF and EORTC QLQ-C30 at baseline and 3, 6, 9, and 12 mo. PEG related toxicities were assessed with 5 questions on PEG arm only. European Leukemia Net (ELN) complete hematological responses (CHR) at 12 mo were determined by central blinded review. Individual time point and longitudinal group comparisons were based on mixed models adjusting for age. T-tests were used to compare change scores at 12 mo between pts with and without CHR. Results: Patients: MPD-RC 112 enrolled 168 pts from 9/2011 to 7/2016, with 75 pts included in the interim analysis. 73 (97%; HU 37, 95%; PEG 36, 100%) completed surveys at baseline of which 66 (90%; HU 30, 81%; PEG 36, 100%) completed at least 1 survey during treatment. Median age was 60 (range 19-84) with 32 (44%) females; 30 (41%) / 43 (59%) with ET / PV; 19 (26%) had a history of thrombosis; and 16 (22%) had palpable spleen. Baseline characteristics where balanced between arms with the exception of age (median age: HU 66, PEG 54; p<0.001). Baseline Symptom Burden/QoL: Mean MPN-SAF Total Symptom Score (TSS, scale 0 [absent]-100 [worst imaginable]) was 15.4 (SD 12.5; range 0-52.2) with means of 12.6 (SD 11.7) / 17.3 (SD 12.7) for ET / PV which were somewhat better than reported means of a previous cohort receiving any line of treatment (ET mean 18.7, SD 15.3; PV mean 21.8, SD 16.3; Emanuel RM, JCO 2012). Symptoms (scale 0 [absent]-10 [worst imaginable]) with the highest prevalence (score >0) included fatigue (65/73, 89%) and insomnia (47/73, 64%). The symptom with the lowest prevalence was fever (8/72, 11%). Mean QLQ-C30 global health status/QoL (GHS/QoL) was 73.3 (SD 19.1) which is comparable to a general healthy population (mean 71.2, SD 22.4) and better than a general cancer population (mean 61.3, SD 24.2; QLQ-C30 Reference Manual 2008). TSS, symptoms, and QoL did not differ between arms. Impact of Therapy on Symptom Burden/QoL: On HU, pts initially experienced worsening of TSS, fatigue, early satiety, itching, bone pain, and fever (all p<0.05) with some symptoms returning to baseline after 6 mo (Table 1). On PEG, pts experienced improved abdominal pain and discomfort, but worsening of headache, cough, injection site irritation, blurry vision, and vision change (all p<0.05). Sad mood did not worsen on PEG, although this may be confounded by concurrent use of mood stabilizers. Concentration problems on PEG were significantly worse at 9 mo (p=0.04). Both arms experienced worsened QoL (MPN-SAF single item: HU p=0.009, PEG p=0.003). In comparing between arms, TSS significantly differed (p=0.009) with higher symptoms on HU vs PEG at 3 and 6 mo, but lower symptoms at 9 and 12 mo (Figure 1). Similar descriptive profiles were observed for most individual symptoms; however, the only symptom profiles which significantly differed between arms was early satiety (p=0.03). ELN Response and Symptom Burden/QoL: Among 62 pts with symptom and response data at 12 mo, CHR rate was 37% (23/62). Change in sad mood and sexuality were the only significant differences between pts with and without CHR regardless of arm though in the unanticipated direction (sad mood: mean change 1.5 vs -0.8, p<0.001; sexuality: mean change 2.33 vs 0.3, p=0.03). Conclusions: PEG was associated with an initial decrease in MPN symptom burden when compared to HU. However, with longer duration of therapy, this superiority dissipated. Patient-reported PEG toxicities worsened over time. On both arms, symptom worsening was observed in pts achieving an ELN CHR, possibly leading to the observed negative impact on mood and sexuality. Future research on the impact of PEG on disease progression and molecular features will be important to assess whether increased side effects with PEG are justified. Disclosures Mesa: CTI: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Promedior: Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Galena: Consultancy; Ariad: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy. Harrison:Incyte Corporation: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Baxaltra: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Shire: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel, accommodations, expenses, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. McMullin:Novartis: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Yacoub:Alexion: Honoraria; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Kiladjian:Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; AOP Orphan: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Mead:Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Kessler:Pfizer: Consultancy; Octapharma: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novo Nordisk: Consultancy, Research Funding; Grifols: Consultancy; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; Biogen: Consultancy; Bayer: Consultancy, Research Funding; Baxalta: Consultancy, Research Funding; LFB: Other: Member of DSMB. Ritchie:Pfizer: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Arian: Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Speakers Bureau. Schlenk:Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding. Mascarenhas:Promedior: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; CTI Biopharma: Research Funding; Novartis: Other: DSMB , Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding; Incyte: Other: Clinical Trial Steereing Committee, Research Funding.
Interim Analysis of the Myeloproliferative Disorders Research Consortium (MPD-RC) 112 Global Phase III Trial of Front Line Pegylated Interferon Alpha-2a Vs. Hydroxyurea in High Risk Polycythemia Vera and Essential Thrombocythemia
Rambaldi, Alessandro , Berenzon, Dmitriy, Yacoub, Abdulraheem , Harrison, Claire , Ewing, Joanne, Winton, Elliott F., Leibowitz, D , Arcasoy, Murat O. , Catchatorian, Rosalind, Rondelli, Damiano , Silver, Richard T. , Ritchie, Ellen K. , Nagler, Arnon , Kremyanskaya, Marina , Schlenk, Richard F. , Weinberg, Rona Singer , Salama, Mohamed E. , Tognoni, Gianni, Prosperini, Giuseppe, Lelio, Alessandra Di, Serone, Eliseo , Marfisi, Lorenzo, Kleczko, Jill, Barbui, Tiziano , Rambaldi, Alessandro , Mascarenhas, John , Prchal, Josef T. , Mesa, Ruben A. , McMullin, Mary Frances , Vannucchi, Alessandro M. , O'Connell, Casey Lee , Kiladjian, Jean‐Jacques , Mead, Adam J. , Stefano, Valerio De , Kessler, Craig M. , Kosiorek, Heidi , Dueck, Amylou C. , Hoffman, Ronald

Blood | October 10, 2019 | Volume: 128 | Issue: 22 | Pages: 479-479

10.1182/blood.v128.22.479.479 Get It

Abstract Background: Cytoreductive therapy with hydroxyurea (HU) has been considered first line therapy for patients with high risk polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) since the results of the PVSG-08 trial demonstrated thrombotic risk reduction (Fruchtman SM et al 1997) for PV and PT1 for ET (Harrison CN et al 2005). Although HU is well tolerated by most patients and has been shown to reduce thrombotic risk in this setting, concern regarding the leukemogenic potential of this oral ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor balanced by the observation of molecular responses with interferon-α (IFN-α) led us to compare the clinical response and tolerability of pegIFN-α (PEG) and HU in a global, randomized, phase III trial. Methods : MPD-RC 112 trial (NCT01258856) enrolled patients with high risk (age >60 years, history of thrombosis, extreme thrombocytosis, symptomatic splenomegaly, uncontrolled cardiovascular risk factors), newly diagnosed (<5 years), WHO defined ET/PV that were treatment naïve (HU <3 months) and randomized (1:1) to PEG or HU. The primary endpoint was complete hematologic response (CHR) rate by European LeukemiaNet (ELN) criteria between the arms after 12 months of therapy. A planned interim analysis based on intent-to-treat with testing boundaries for efficacy and futility was conducted after 75 patients were on study for 12 months. Response assessment by ELN criteria were conducted by blinded review by 4 investigators (JM, RAM, AY, RH). Intent-to-treat analysis was conducted for efficacy endpoints (HU n=39; PEG n=36). Safety analysis included all patients who received treatment (HU n=36; PEG n=36). Results: Patients: The MPD-RC 112 trial involved 24 centers in 6 countries; enrollment began 09/2011 and concluded 7/2016 prior to full accrual due to study drug availability with 168 patients enrolled (Table 1 for 75 patients in the interim analysis). There was no imbalance between arms with respect to history of thrombosis, erythromelalgia, diabetes, hypertension, but age was significantly older on HU. This remained true when analyzing by ET/PV disease strata with the exception of diabetes which was slightly imbalanced within the PV cohort (HU 5/23, 22%; PEG 0/21, 0%; p<0.05). Response: CHR and PHR were observed in 13 (33%) and 14 (36%) patients for an overall response rate (ORR) of 69% (27/39) for HU, and 10 (28%) and 19 (53%) for an ORR of 81% (29/36) for PEG (CHR comparison p=0.60 based on z-test which did not cross either testing boundary). 10 patients randomized to HU were not evaluable for 12-month response due to never initiating treatment (n=3) or early study discontinuation for AEs (n=1), patient withdrawal (n=5), or treatment non-compliance (n=1). 3 patients were not evaluable for response on PEG due to early study discontinuation for AEs (n=1), physician decision (n=1), or patient withdrawal (n=1). Excluding patients who never initiated treatment did not impact the primary endpoint comparison (HU 13/36, 36%; PEG 10/36, 28%; p=0.45). For ET, CHR and PHR were observed in 7 (44%) and 4 (25%) patient on HU, and 6 (40%) and 6 (40%) for PEG (CHR comparison p=0.83). For PV, CHR and PHR were observed in 6 (26%) and 10 (44%) patients on HU, and 4 (19%) and 13 (62%) for PEG (CHR comparison p=0.58). Normalization of spleen by palpation at 12 months was seen in 2/7 (29%) and 5/7 (71%) of the HU and PEG treated patients with palpable spleen at baseline, respectively. Among 38 PV patients, rate of phlebotomy use at 12 months was 0/18 (0%) vs 5/20 (20%) on HU and PEG (p=0.02). From baseline to best score through 12 months, 9/28 (32%) and 12/34 (35%) patients with data on HU and PEG, respectively, had a ≥50% reduction in MPN-SAF Total Symptom Score (p=0.79). Toxicity: No Grade 4 AEs occurred in either treatment arm. Overall, Grade 3 AEs occurred in 5/36 (14%) HU patients and 16/36 (44%) PEG patients (Grade 3 hematologic: 4/36 [11%] HU vs 8/36 [22%] PEG; Grade 3 non-hematologic: 5/36 [14%] HU vs 16/36 [44%] PEG). See Table 2 for Grade 3 AEs regardless of attribution occurring in >10% of patients in either arm. Conclusions: This interim analysis does not show a clear difference in primary endpoint of CHR between HU and PEG. A comparative analysis of the quality of life and symptom burden will provide further insight into the tolerability of these agents (Mesa et al ASH 2016). The final results of this pivotal trial will provide necessary data required to firmly establish the optimal first line therapy for patients with high risk ET/PV. Disclosures Mascarenhas: CTI Biopharma: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Promedior: Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding; Novartis: Other: DSMB , Research Funding; Incyte: Other: Clinical Trial Steereing Committee, Research Funding. Mesa:Celgene: Research Funding; Promedior: Research Funding; CTI: Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Galena: Consultancy; Ariad: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy. Yacoub:Alexion: Honoraria; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Harrison:Baxaltra: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Incyte Corporation: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Shire: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel, accommodations, expenses, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. McMullin:Novartis: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Vannucchi:Novartis: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Kiladjian:Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; AOP Orphan: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Mead:Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Kessler:Incyte: Honoraria. Ritchie:Celgene: Consultancy, Other: Travel, Accomodations, Expenses, Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Other: Travel, Accommodations, Expenses, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Ariad: Speakers Bureau; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding; Astellas Pharma: Research Funding; Bristol-Meyers Squibb: Research Funding; NS Pharma: Research Funding. Schlenk:Amgen: Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding.
Large scale multifactorial likelihood quantitative analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants: An ENIGMA resource to support clinical variant classification
Parsons, Michael T. , Tudini, Emma , Hahnen, Eric, Wappenschmidt, Barbara, Feliubadaló, Lídia , Aalfs, Cora M. , Agata, Simona, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Alducci, Elisa, Alonso‐Cerezo, María Concepción , Arnold, Norbert, Auber, Bernd , Austin, Rachel , Azzollini, Jacopo , Balmañà, Judith , Bartram, Claus R., Blümcke, Britta, Bonache, Sandra , Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Åke , Bortesi, Beatrice, Brunet, Joan , Bruzzone, Carla, Bucksch, Karolin , Cagnoli, Giulia , Caldés, Trinidad, Caliebe, Almuth , Calvello, Mariarosaria , Capone, Gabriele Lorenzo, Caputo, Sandrine M. , Carrasco, Estela , Caux‐Moncoutier, Virginie, Cavalli, Pietro, Cini, Giulia , Clarke, Edward , Cops, Elisa J., Cortesi, Laura , Couch, Fergus J., Darder, Esther , Debatin, Irmgard, Valle, Jesús Del , Delnatte, Capucine, Derive, Nicolas , Ditsch, Nina, Domchek, Susan M., Dutrannoy, Véronique, Eccles, Diana , Ehrencrona, Hans , Enders, Ute, Evans, D. Gareth , Farra, Chantal, Faust, Ulrike , Felbor, Ute , Feroce, Irène , Fine, Miriam, Galvão, Henrique C.R. , Gambino, Gaetana , Gehrig, Andrea, Gensini, Francesca , Germani, Aldo , Giesecke, J, Gómez, Carolina, Garcia, Encarna B., González, Sara , Grau, Èlia, Grill, Sabine , Groß, Eva, Guillaud‐Bataille, Marine , Gutiérrez‐Enríquez, Sara , Haaf, Thomas, Hackmann, Karl , Hansen, Thomas van Overeem , Harris, Marion, Hauke, Jan , Heinrich, T., Hellebrand, Heide, Herold, Karen, Honisch, Ellen, Horváth, Judit , Houdayer, Claude , Hübbel, Verena, Iglesias, Sílvia, Izquierdo, Á. , James, Paul A. , Janssen, Linda A.M., Jeschke, Udo, Kaulfuß, Silke , Keupp, Katharina, Kiechle, Marion , Kölbl, Alexandra C., Krieger, Sophie , Kruse, Torben A., Kvist, Anders , Lalloo, Fiona, Larsen, Mirjam, Lattimore, Vanessa , Lautrup, Charlotte Kvist , Ledig, Susanne, Leinert, Elena , Lim, Joanna , Loeffler, Markus, López‐Fernández, Adrià , Lucci‐Cordisco, Emanuela , Maass, Nicolai, Manoukian, Siranoush, Marabelli, Monica , Matricardi, Laura , Meindl, Alfons , Michelli, Rodrigo D., Moghadasi, Setareh , Moles‐Fernández, Alejandro , Montagna, Marco , Montalban, Gemma , Monteiro, Álvaro N.A. , Montes, Eva, Mori, Luigi , Müller, Clemens R., Mundhenke, Christoph , Naldi, Nadia, Nathanson, Katherine L. , Navarro, Matilde, Nichols, Cassandra , Niederacher, Dieter , Nielsen, Henriette Roed, Ong, Kai‐Ren , Pachter, Nicholas , Palmero, Edenir Inêz , Pedersen, Inge Søkilde , Peissel, Bernard , Pfeifer, Katharina, Pineda, Marta , Pohl‐Rescigno, Esther, Quante, Anne S. , Ramser, Juliane, Reis, Rui Manuel , Révillion, Françoise, Rhiem, Kerstin, Riboli, Barbara, Ritter, Julia, Rivera, Daniela , Rofes, Paula , Rump, Andreas , Salinas, Mónica, Abajo, A.M. SÁnchez De, Schmidt, Gunnar, Schoenwiese, Ulrike, Seggewiß, Jochen, Solanes, Ares, Stiller, Mathias , Sullivan, Kelly J., Susman, Rachel , Sutter, Christian , Tavtigian, Sean V. , Teo, Soo‐Hwang , Thomassen, Mads, Tibiletti, Maria Grazia , Tognazzo, Silvia , Tornero, Eva , Törngren, Therese , Torres‐Esquius, Sara , Trainer, Alison, Tucker, Kathy , Asperen, Christi J. van, Mackelenbergh, Marion van , Varesco, Liliana, Vargas‐Parra, Gardenia , Varon, Raymonda, Vega, Ana , Velasco, Ángela, Vesper, Anne‐Sophie, Viel, Alessandra , Vreeswijk, Maaike P.G. , Wagner, Sebastian , Waha, Anke, Walker, Logan C., Walters, Rhiannon, Wang‐Gohrke, Shan , Weber, Bernhard , Weichert, Wilko , Wieland, Kerstin, Wöckel, Achim , Woodward, Emma R. , Zachariae, Silke , Zampiga, Valentina , Zeder-Göß, C, Investigators, KConFab, Lázaro, Conxi, Nicolo, Arcangela De , Radice, Paolo , Engel, Christoph , Schmutzler, Rita K., Goldgar, David E. , Manoukian, Siranoush , Gómez, E. , Houdayer, Claude , de la Hoya, Miguel , Diez, Orland , Eccles, Diana , Gutiérrez-Enríquez, Sara , Susman, Rachel , Tavtigian, Sean V , Toland, Amanda Ewart , Toss, Angela , Vega, Ana , Vreeswijk, Maaike P G , Woodward, Emma R , Radice, Paolo , Spurdle, Amanda B , James, Paul , Parsons, Michael T , Teo, Soo H , Monteiro, Alvaro N , Auber, Bernd , Azzollini, Jacopo , Brunet, Joan , Darder, Esther , Ehrencrona, Hans , Evans, D Gareth , Matricardi, Laura , Palmero, Edenir I , Nathanson, Katherine L , Pineda, Marta , Cini, Giulia , Cortesi, Laura , Del Valle, Jesús , Engel, Christoph , Izquierdo, Angel , Montagna, Marco , Rump, Andreas , Viel, Alessandra , Reis, Rui Manuel , Montalban, Gemma , Calvello, Mariarosaria , Feliubadaló, Lidia , Gómez-García, Encarna B , González, Sara , Hansen, Thomas van Overeem , Hauke, Jan , Zampiga, Valentina , De Nicolo, Arcangela , Manoukian, Siranoush , Li, Hongyan , Hahnen, Eric , Agata, Simona , Barbieri, Elena , Blanco, Ana , Bonanni, Bernardo , Bruzzone, Carla, Caligo, Maria A. , Carnevali, Ileana Wanda , Cavalli, Pietro , Concolino, Paola , Hoya, Miguel de la , Dean, Michael , Dı́ez, Orland , Farra, Chantal, Foulkes, William D. , Gerdes, Anne‐Marie , Gismondi, Viviana , Garcia, Encarna B., Guerrieri‐Gonzaga, Aliana , Guillaud-Bataille, Marine , Jeschke, Udo , Lewis, Alexandra L. , Loeffler, Markus, Meindl, Alfons , Moserle, Lidia , Navarro, Matilde, Nevanlinna, Heli , Papi, Laura , Perez-Segura, Pedro , Pohl‐Rescigno, Esther, Poplawski, Nicola Kazia , Porfirio, Berardino , Révillion, Françoise, Rhiem, Kerstin , Steinemann, Doris , Stoppa‐Lyonnet, Dominique , Sullivan, Kelly J., Teulé, Àlex , Tischkowitz, Marc D. , Asperen, Christi J. van , Varesco, Liliana , Velasco, Àngela , Weber, Bernhard H. F., Wiesmüller, Lisa , Witzel, Isabell , Investigators, kConFab, Lázaro, Conxi, Spurdle, Amanda B. , Balmaña, Judith , Austin, Rachel

Human Mutation | May 27, 2019 | Volume: 40 | Issue: 9 | Pages: 1557-1578

10.1002/humu.23818 | PMID 31131967 Get It

Abstract P4-01-21: Multiplexed targeted digital sequencing of circulating tumor DNA to detect minimal residual disease in early and locally advanced breast cancer
Br, McDonald, Contente‐Cuomo, Tania , Sammut, S-J, Odenheimer-Bergman, Ahuva, Perdigones, Nieves , Chin, S-F, Farooq, Maria , Cronin, Patricia A. , Anderson, KS, Northfelt, DW, McCullough, Ann E. , Patel, B , Pockaj, BA, Sammut, Stephen‐John , Ernst, Brenda , Chin, S-F, Kosiorek, Heidi , Patel, B, Caldas, Carlos , Murtaza, Muhammed

Cancer Research | May 11, 2019 | Volume: 79 | Issue: 4_Supplement | Pages: P4-01-21-P4-01-21

10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-01-21 Get It

Abstract Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis holds potential for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection in early stage breast cancer. However, sensitivity for MRD is limited due to low ctDNA levels in early stage patients and limited blood volumes. Loss of input DNA during library preparation, limited multiplexing or low sensitivity of current molecular methods further limit accuracy. To address this gap, we have developed TARgeted DIgital Sequencing (TARDIS), a novel method for simultaneous analysis of multiple patient-specific mutations in plasma DNA. Methods: Using tumor exome sequencing, we identify and prioritize somatic founder mutations, design nested primers and evaluate them for multiplex performance. Using 5-10 ng input plasma DNA, we perform 1) targeted linear pre-amplification to improve downstream molecular conversion, 2) single-stranded adapter ligation to incorporate unique molecular identifiers (UMIs) and 3) targeted PCR to prepare sequencing-ready libraries. The resulting sequencing reads have fixed target-specific ends and variable ligation ends. We utilize fragment size and UMIs to group sequencing reads into read families. To ensure specificity, we require targeted mutations are supported by 2 or more read families. Results: To assess analytical performance, we targeted 8 mutations in cell-free DNA reference samples with 0.25%-2% mutation allele fractions (AFs). Precision across 7-16 replicates at each AF level agreed with expectations of Poisson distribution, demonstrating effective analysis of ˜70% of input DNA. At 2%, 1%, 0.5% and 0.25% AFs, variant-level sensitivity was 96.4%, 96.4%, 91.1% and 65.8%, approaching the theoretical limit given input DNA. At 0.25% AF, 3-7 mutations were detected per sample, achieving 100% sample-level sensitivity. In 16 wild-type replicates, no targeted mutations were called (100% specificity). Averaging multiple mutations improved precision in sample-level AF estimates. Mean AFs from 8 mutations for the 2% sample were 2.34%-2.80% (5.8% CV). In 6 patients with breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant therapy (NAT), we analyzed 8-18 patient-specific mutations (mean 11.8). Before treatment, ctDNA was detected in 5/6 patients at mean AFs of 0.02%-1.19% (mean 0.40%), supported by 2-10 mutations (mean 5.6). Of these 5 patients, 4 had residual disease after NAT and ctDNA was detected pre-operatively or during NAT in 3/4 patients. 1 patient achieved pathological Complete Response and ctDNA was undetectable after NAT. Conclusions: Preliminary results suggest TARDIS enables accurate MRD detection after neoadjuvant therapy in patients with early stage breast cancer. On-going work is expanding this analysis to include additional patients and investigate the clinical validity of peri-operative ctDNA monitoring. Summary of clinical resultsPatientPre-NAT Stage (TNM)SubtypeNo. of Mutations TargetedBaseline ctDNA (AF%, No. of Mutations)ctDNA after or during NAT (AF%, No. of Mutations)Residual Tumor (TNM)1T3 N1ER+ PR+ HER2-8+ (0.02%, 2)-T2 N12T3 N0TNBC12+ (0.29%, 6)+ (0.01%, 1)T1a N03T2 N1TNBC18+ (1.19%, 10)+ (0.01%, 1)T1mi N04T3 N1TNBC10+ (0.02%, 3)+ (0.05%, 3)T3 N15T2 N0TNBC9+ (0.46%, 7)-pathCR6T1c N1TNBC14--pathCR Citation Format: McDonald BR, Contente-Cuomo T, Sammut S-J, Ernst B, Odenheimer-Bergman A, Perdigones N, Chin S-F, Farooq M, Cronin PA, Anderson KS, Kosiorek H, Northfelt D, McCullough A, Patel B, Caldas C, Pockaj B, Murtaza M. Multiplexed targeted digital sequencing of circulating tumor DNA to detect minimal residual disease in early and locally advanced breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-01-21.
Safety and Efficacy of a Five-Fraction Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Schedule for Centrally Located Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: NRG Oncology/RTOG 0813 Trial
Bezjak, Andrea , Paulus, Rebecca , Gaspar, Laurie E., Timmerman, Robert , Straube, William L., Ryan, William F., Garces, Yolanda I. , Pu, Anthony T. , Singh, Anurag K. , Videtic, Gregory M.M. , McGarry, Ronald C., Iyengar, Puneeth , Urbanic, James J., Sun, A. , Daly, Megan E. , Grills, Inga S., Sperduto, Paul W. , Bradley, Jeffrey D. , Choy, Hak, Bradley, Jeffrey , Paulus, Rebecca , Ryan, William F., Pantarotto, Jason R. , Normolle, Daniel Paul

Journal of Clinical Oncology | April 3, 2019 | Volume: 37 | Issue: 15 | Pages: 1316-1325

10.1200/jco.18.00622 | PMID 30943123 Get It

PURPOSE Patients with centrally located early-stage non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are at a higher risk of toxicity from high-dose ablative radiotherapy. NRG Oncology/RTOG 0813 was a phase I/II study designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), efficacy, and toxicity of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for centrally located NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medically inoperable patients with biopsy-proven, positron emission tomography–staged T1 to 2 (≤ 5 cm) N0M0 centrally located NSCLC were accrued into a dose-escalating, five-fraction SBRT schedule that ranged from 10 to 12 Gy/fraction (fx) delivered over 1.5 to 2 weeks. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined as any treatment-related grade 3 or worse predefined toxicity that occurred within the first year. MTD was defined as the SBRT dose at which the probability of DLT was closest to 20% without exceeding it. RESULTS One hundred twenty patients were accrued between February 2009 and September 2013. Patients were elderly, there were slightly more females, and the majority had a performance status of 0 to 1. Most cancers were T1 (65%) and squamous cell (45%). Organs closest to planning target volume/most at risk were the main bronchus and large vessels. Median follow-up was 37.9 months. Five patients experienced DLTs; MTD was 12.0 Gy/fx, which had a probability of a DLT of 7.2% (95% CI, 2.8% to 14.5%). Two-year rates for the 71 evaluable patients in the 11.5 and 12.0 Gy/fx cohorts were local control, 89.4% (90% CI, 81.6% to 97.4%) and 87.9% (90% CI, 78.8% to 97.0%); overall survival, 67.9% (95% CI, 50.4% to 80.3%) and 72.7% (95% CI, 54.1% to 84.8%); and progression-free survival, 52.2% (95% CI, 35.3% to 66.6%) and 54.5% (95% CI, 36.3% to 69.6%), respectively. CONCLUSION The MTD for this study was 12.0 Gy/fx; it was associated with 7.2% DLTs and high rates of tumor control. Outcomes in this medically inoperable group of mostly elderly patients with comorbidities were comparable with that of patients with peripheral early-stage tumors.
The correlation between the severity of cetuximab-induced rash and clinical outcome for patients with head and neck carcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) plus cetuximab: The RTOG experience.
Bar‐Ad, Voichita , Axelrod, Rita , Rosenthal, D.I., Trotti, Andy, Jones, Christopher U. , Song, Guobin , Foote, Robert L. , Raben, David, Shenouda, George , Spencer, Sharon A., Zhang, Qiang , Harari, Paul M. , Garden, Adam S. , Harris, Jonathan , Le, Quynh‐Thu

Journal of Clinical Oncology | January 3, 2019 | Volume: 32 | Issue: 15_suppl | Pages: 6025-6025

10.1200/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.6025 Get It

Time Interval to Biochemical Failure as a Surrogate End Point in Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer: Analysis of Randomized Trial NRG/RTOG 9202
Dignam, James J., Hamstra, Daniel A. , Lepor, Herbert , Grignon, David J. , Brereton, Harmar D., Zeitzer, Kenneth L. , Venkatesan, Varagur, Horwitz, Eric M. , Pisansky, Thomas M. , Currey, Adam D. , Rosenthal, Seth A. , Sandler, Howard M.

Journal of Clinical Oncology | December 7, 2018 | Volume: 37 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 213-221

10.1200/jco.18.00154 | PMID 30526194 Get It

Background In prostate cancer, end points that reliably portend prognosis and treatment benefit (surrogate end points) can accelerate therapy development. Although surrogate end point candidates have been evaluated in the context of radiotherapy and short-term androgen deprivation (AD), potential surrogates under long-term (24 month) AD, a proven therapy in high-risk localized disease, have not been investigated. Materials and Methods In the NRG/RTOG 9202 randomized trial (N = 1,520) of short-term AD (4 months) versus long-term AD (LTAD; 28 months), the time interval free of biochemical failure (IBF) was evaluated in relation to clinical end points of prostate cancer–specific survival (PCSS) and overall survival (OS). Survival modeling and landmark analysis methods were applied to evaluate LTAD benefit on IBF and clinical end points, association between IBF and clinical end points, and the mediating effect of IBF on LTAD clinical end point benefits. Results LTAD was superior to short-term AD for both biochemical failure (BF) and the clinical end points. Men remaining free of BF for 3 years had relative risk reductions of 39% for OS and 73% for PCSS. Accounting for 3-year IBF status reduced the LTAD OS benefit from 12% (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79 to 0.98) to 6% (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.07). For PCSS, the LTAD benefit was reduced from 30% (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.82) to 6% (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.72 to 1.22). Among men with BF, by 3 years, 50% of subsequent deaths were attributed to prostate cancer, compared with 19% among men free of BF through 3 years. Conclusion The IBF satisfied surrogacy criteria and identified the benefit of LTAD on disease-specific survival and OS. The IBF may serve as a valid end point in clinical trials and may also aid in risk monitoring after initial treatment.
Longitudinal Screening Detects Cognitive Stability and Behavioral Deterioration in ALS Patients
Woolley, Susan , Goetz, Ray, Factor‐Litvak, Pam , Murphy, Jennifer , Hupf, Jonathan , Lomen‐Hoerth, Catherine , Andrews, Howard , Heitzman, Daragh, Bedlack, Richard , Katz, Jonathan, Barohn, Richard J., Sorenson, Eric J. , Oskarsson, Björn , Filho, Americo Fernandes, Kasarskis, Edward J. , Mozaffar, Tahseen , Nations, Sharon , Swenson, Andrea , Koczon-Jaremko, Agnes, Christodoulou, Georgia , Mitsumoto, Hiroshi , Garofalo, Diana C. , Sorenson, Eric, Oskarsson, Björn , Bedlack, Richard S , Christodoulou, Georgia

Behavioural Neurology | October 31, 2018 | Volume: 2018 | Issue: No issue available | Pages: 1-7

10.1155/2018/5969137 | PMID 30515252 Get It

Objective. To evaluate longitudinal cognitive/behavioral change over 12 months in participants enrolled in the ALS Multicenter Cohort Study of Oxidative Stress (ALS COSMOS). Methods. We analyzed data from 294 ALS participants, 134 of whom were studied serially. Change over time was evaluated controlling for age, sex, symptom duration, education, race, and ethnicity. Using multiple regression, we evaluated associations among decline in ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) scores, forced vital capacity (FVC), and cognitive/behavioral changes. Change in cognitive/behavioral subgroups was assessed using one-way analyses of covariance. Results. Participants with follow-up data had fewer baseline behavior problems compared to patients without follow-up data. We found significant worsening of behavior (ALS Cognitive Behavioral Screen (ALS CBS) behavioral scale, p<0.001; Frontal Behavioral Inventory-ALS (FBI-ALS) disinhibition subscale, p=0.044). Item analysis suggested change in frustration tolerance, insight, mental rigidity, and interests (p<0.05). Changes in ALSFRS-R correlated with the ALS CBS. Worsening disinhibition (FBI-ALS) did not correlate with ALSFRS-R, FVC, or disease duration. Conclusion. We did not detect cognitive change. Behavioral change was detected, and increased disinhibition was found among patients with abnormal baseline behavioral scores. Disinhibition changes did not correlate with disease duration or progression. Baseline behavioral problems were associated with advanced, rapidly progressive disease and study attrition.
Improving Medical Communication in Migraine Management: A Modified Delphi Study to Develop a Digital Migraine Tracker
Tepper, Stewart J. , Buse, Dawn C. , Stewart, Walter F. , Bayliss, Martha , Desai, Pooja , Sapra, Sandhya, Anderson, Karla M., McInerney‐Prichard, Erin, Dodick, David W. , Lipton, Richard B.

Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain | October 26, 2018 | Volume: 58 | Issue: 9 | Pages: 1358-1372

10.1111/head.13426 | PMID 30362524 Get It

Objective This study aimed to identify the essential content and amount of information to be collected from people with migraine via a patient‐facing smartphone‐based migraine tracker for them to share with clinicians during live discussions to assist in optimizing migraine management. The proposed tracker is intended for use in non‐interventional research to evaluate disease burden in episodic migraine and chronic migraine patients as assessed by demographic and clinical characteristics and health resource utilization in an integrated delivery network setting. The proposed tracker is not intended for commercial purposes. Background Epidemiological studies suggest migraine is underdiagnosed and undertreated. Studies of patient‐clinician interactions suggest that effective medical communication may help address these issues. Methods Four migraine practice leaders, an epidemiologist with extensive migraine experience, and a measurement expert took part in a modified Delphi panel process to identify data elements that could be collected from people with migraine through a smartphone‐based migraine tracker. Importantly, the proposed tracker would not be intended to replace the patient‐clinician encounter but to support the encounter through enabling the patient to document migraine symptoms and experiences in a timely and accurate manner for sharing with a clinician as part of a broader face‐to‐face discussion. The panel reviewed questions derived from the existing migraine diaries in the public domain, those used in clinical trials, and patient‐centric surveys assessing the impact of migraine on physical function and other related concepts. Key considerations included identification of the most clinically useful data elements for a shared communication tool for people with migraine under the care of a clinician. The panel also identified numerous functionality requirements for such a tool and provided recommendations on the most effective way to present results to a clinician. Results The expert panel opined that people with migraine may value the ability to capture a relatively broad range of information for their own migraine‐tracking purposes, while clinicians will likely find greater value in a small set of data relevant to the management of migraine. The panel identified the 3 most essential concepts in categories of data for a clinician, for which they coined the term “The 3 Fs”: F requency of days with headache; F requency of acute medication usage; and F unctional impairment. Information on the frequency of days with headache was felt to combine with the information on the frequency of acute medication usage to provide essential insights into current migraine management strategy and its outcomes, and to assist considerations of preventive measures. Functional impairment was treated as an effective surrogate for headache severity and was assessed based on the following: degree of difficulty in performing activities of daily living, impact on absenteeism (taking leave from work or cancelling/avoiding other activities) and presenteeism (performing work or other daily activities, with reduced productivity/capability), and amount of rest required as a result of a migraine attack. The modified Delphi panel process resulted in the selection of 13 questions in 8 categories to elicit sufficient and meaningful data comprising headache occurrence, symptoms, daily/preventive and as‐needed/acute medication usage, triggers, ability to concentrate, and functional impairment. The panel also agreed that the tracker should generate 2 distinct reports: one for people with migraine that would include a wider range of data about symptoms and perceived triggers, and a targeted report for the clinician that would place prime emphasis on the 3 Fs for aggregating the results of each headache occurrence and the trend over time. Conclusions A system that easily captures critical data elements about migraine, with specific feedback displays for patients to share with clinicians during live discussions, may offer some benefit to people with migraine and their clinicians by facilitating more objective communication and optimizing management. The tracker’s output may enable people with migraine to track a wide range of data for their own purposes, allowing them to better understand their condition, while a synthesized view of the selected data may support more informed clinical decision‐making for the clinician and individualized, evidence‐based discussion with the patient. As a result, this shared decision‐making tool may enable patients to more accurately convey essential migraine information during live patient‐clinician discussions to drive improved management and patient outcomes.