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Cohen, Jonathon B.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2723-6481

Mayo Clinic

Emory University

Citations 114

Understanding the Patient Perspective on Treatment Preferences for Follicular Lymphoma
Holets, Matthew, Yost, Kathleen J. , Cohen, Jonathon B. , Friedberg, Jonathan W. , Lossos, Izidore S., Flowers, Christopher R. , Casulo, Carla , Tsang, Mazie , Durani, Urshila , Day, Jonathan R, Larson, Melissa C. , Cohen, Jonathon B. , Lossos, Izidore S. , Martin, Peter, Kahl, Brad S. , Habermann, Thomas M. , Nastoupil, Loretta J. , Cerhan, James R. , Link, Brian K. , Casulo, Carla , Maurer, Matthew J.

Blood | December 5, 2024 | Volume: 144 | Issue: Supplement 1 | Pages: 7598-7598

10.1182/blood-2024-210968 Get It

Background: Due to recent advances, patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) have multiple treatment options with high response rates and durability. However, there is a gap in understanding how patient preferences influence treatment selection. To close this gap, we conducted a qualitative study using focus groups of adults with FL to understand their knowledge of treatment options, priorities, and decision-making process. We designed this study to inform the content of a planned discrete choice experiment in a larger population of patients with FL to better understand patient preferences and trade-offs around treatment delivery, side effects, outcomes, and quality of life. Methods: We conducted focus groups lasting 60-90 minutes, each with 3-5 participants recruited from the Lymphoma Epidemiology of Outcomes (LEO) Cohort Study. The LEO Cohort Study is a multi-institutional prospective cohort study of newly diagnosed adults with non-Hodgkin lymphoma from July 2015 to present. Each focus group was co-led by two investigators (U.D. and M.T.) and conducted using Zoom video technology. Participants were asked to comment on their understanding about FL and available treatments, their ideal treatment, their decision-making process about prior therapies, and quality of life and side effects associated with treatment. We performed exploratory content analysis of participant understanding of FL and their treatment preferences. We will continue to conduct focus groups until we reach thematic saturation, which we anticipate will occur with one additional focus group. Themes from all focus groups were identified and agreed upon by both investigators (U.D. and M.T.) and were verified by additional investigators (J.D., M.L, M.H., B.K.L, C.C., M.M.). Results: To date, we conducted five focus groups with a total of N=21 participants (median age 60 [range 41-88], 66.7% female, 71.4% non-Hispanic White, 14.3% Hispanic, 9.5% Asian, 4.8% Black/Hispanic). We identified the following themes and representative quotes: 1) Holistic approach:Participants wanted their oncologists to view their care from a holistic perspective, discussing their individual priorities and options that would accommodate their fitness routine and ability to work. “[I wish] if doctors can consider not just the physical choices, but also the mental and emotional choices as well, the holistic person.” - Participant 13 “There's zero chance I can go back to working in the type of career where other people rely on me for things. I can't keep things straight.” - Participant 16 2) Ideal treatment:An ideal treatment would limit impact on fatigue, cognitive function, and have minimal toxicity to preserve quality of life and an active lifestyle. “I would say something that has minimal impact on daily life would be ideal and something that would make you feel better.” - Participant 6 3) Shared decision-making: Participants wanted to be better informed about available treatment options and often utilized second opinions to inform their decisions. “It helped to get the second opinion versus not. It would've been a completely different set of events.” - Participant 17 4) Treatment burden:Financial impact and effort required by patients to receive care (e.g., travel, number of office visits, and duration of therapy) were key factors in patient decision-making. “Part of my quality of life went down because I had to fight with my insurance company consistently, and we pay a lot of money.” - Participant 11 “Really explain the time options and calendarize the treatment and be more specific about the amount of time that you're going to spend at the hospital and the process.” - Participant 20 5) Representation: Minority participants raised concerns about not knowing if the available treatment data pertained to them. “[My end-goal would be] having an understanding of how the treatment is going to be for minority people. Many times the treatments are tested, they are not tested for minorities.” - Participant 21 Conclusions: The patient perspective is critical for treatment decision-making and education. People living with FL expressed a desire for a holistic and individualized approach to treatment decision-making that incorporated their lifestyle, minimized side effects, and limited overall treatment burden. These focus groups identified emerging themes that warrant further investigation for survivors with FL.
Treatment patterns and outcomes in follicular lymphoma with POD24: an analysis from the LEO Consortium
Day, Jonathan R , Koff, Jean L. , Wang, Yucai , Lossos, Izidore S. , Nastoupil, Loretta J. , Strouse, Christopher , Chihara, Dai , Martin, Peter , Leonard, John P. , Cohen, Jonathon B. , Ruan, Jia , Friedberg, Jonathan W. , Flowers, Christopher R. , Koff, Jean L , Wang, Yucai , Lossos, Izidore S , Nastoupil, Loretta J , Chihara, Dai , Cohen, Jonathon B , Kahl, Brad S , Burack, W Richard , Cerhan, James R , Link, Brian K , Maurer, Matthew , Casulo, Carla , Strouse, Christopher S , Larson, Melissa C. , Durani, Urshila , Habermann, Thomas M. , Martin, Peter, Kahl, Brad S. , Burack, Richard , Cerhan, James R. , Link, Brian K. , Maurer, Matthew J. , Casulo, Carla

Blood Advances | November 27, 2024 | Volume: 9 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 1013-1023

10.1182/bloodadvances.2024014053 Get It

Abstract Progression of disease within 24 months of initial immunochemotherapy (POD24) is a negative prognostic factor for patients with follicular lymphoma (FL). There is no standard treatment after POD24. Assembling an academic-based cohort from the Lymphoma Epidemiology of Outcomes Consortium for Real World Evidence, we evaluated patterns of care and outcomes for 220 patients with FL with POD24 and retained FL histology. Therapy after POD24 was heterogeneous, with no treatment category accounting for >25% of the total. Among patients initially treated with bendamustine-rituximab, rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone (R-CHOP) was the predominant second-line choice (48%). Among patients initially treated with R-CHOP, aggressive salvage therapy was the predominant second-line choice (38%). Overall response rate to therapy after POD24 was 64% (95% confidence interval [CI], 56-70); complete response rate was 39% (95% CI, 32-46). The median event-free survival for therapy after POD24 was 9.8 months (95% CI, 7.3-12.1); 5-year overall survival (OS) was 71% (95% CI, 65-78). OS was inferior for patients aged >70 years (hazard ratio [HR], 2.31; 95% CI, 1.27-4.20) and those with high-risk FL International Prognostic Index scores at diagnosis (HR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.23-3.60). No treatment category stood out with more favorable results. Cause of death was predominantly lymphoma related. Patients with follicular histology at their POD24 event had a low cumulative incidence of transformation (1.1% at 5 years). Our study is among the largest cohorts describing contemporary patterns of care for patients with POD24, providing a focused data set useful for interpreting and designing prospective clinical trials in this population.
Real-world impact of differences in the WHO and ICC classifications of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a LEO cohort study analysis
Abro, Brooj , Maurer, Matthew J. , Burack, Richard , Chapman, Jennifer R. , Cohen, Jonathon B. , Friedberg, Jonathan W. , Inghirami, Giorgio , Lossos, Izidore S. , Martin, Peter W., McDonnell, Timothy J. , Riska, Shaun M., Flowers, Christopher R. , Burack, W Richard , Cohen, Jonathon B , Inghirami, Giorgio , Link, Brian K , Lossos, Izidore S , Nastoupil, Loretta J , Vega, Francisco , Cerhan, James R , Feldman, Andrew L , Maurer, Matthew , Habermann, Thomas M. , Kahl, Brad S. , Larson, Melissa C. , Link, Brian K. , Martin, Peter, Nastoupil, Loretta J. , Syrbu, Sergei , Vega, Francisco , Vij, Kiran R , Cerhan, James R. , Jaye, David L. , Feldman, Andrew L.

Blood | September 10, 2024 | Volume: 144 | Issue: 19 | Pages: 2063-2066

10.1182/blood.2024025681 Get It

Abstract Recent introduction of 2 different lymphoma classifications has raised concerns about consistency in diagnosis, management, and clinical trial enrollment. Data from a large cohort reflecting real-world clinical practice suggest that differences between the classifications will affect <1% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
Evaluation of prognostic factors in patients with high-risk classical Hodgkin lymphoma undergoing autologous transplantation
Huang, Ying , Cashen, Amanda F. , Vaughn, John L, Badar, Talha , Sethi, Tarsheen , Reddy, Nishitha , Bello, Celeste, Kothari, Shalin , Hernandez‐Ilizaliturri, Francisco J. , Svoboda, Jakub , Glenn, Martha, Cohen, Jonathon B. , Sorge, Caryn, Christian, Beth , Herrera, Alex F. , Vaughn, John L. , Epperla, Narendranath , Badar, Talha , Karmali, Reem , Cohen, Jonathon B , Herrera, Alex F , Hamadani, Mehdi , Costa, Luciano J , Xavier, Ana C , Epperla, Narendranath , Hanel, Walter G. , Barta, Stefan K , Caimi, Paolo F. , Karmali, Reem , Chavez, Julio C , Lansigan, Frederick , Hamadani, Mehdi , Costa, Luciano J.

Blood Advances | August 30, 2024 | Volume: 8 | Issue: 21 | Pages: 5458-5466

10.1182/bloodadvances.2024013743 Get It

Abstract There are limited data assessing the risk scores for primary treatment failure (PTF) in patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL; PTF-cHL) undergoing autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT). ECLIPSE (Evaluation of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma patients wIth Primary treatment failure and analySis of outcomEs) is a multicenter retrospective cohort of patients with PTF-cHL (aged ≥15 years) diagnosed on or after 1 January 2005, at 15 US medical centers. PTF was defined as 1 of the following patterns of failure: (1) progressive disease by imaging during or within 6 weeks of completion of frontline chemotherapy (primary progression [PP]); (2) partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD) by imaging after completion of frontline treatment (PR/SD); (3) progression of disease by imaging (and confirmed by biopsy) within 12 months of frontline therapy completion after prior documentation of complete response (CR; early relapse [ER]). A total of 478 patients were included in the analysis. Among these, 217 (45%) were PP, 86 (18%) were PR/SD, and 175 (37%) were ER. The 6-month and 1-year cumulative incidence of nonrelapse mortality after auto-HCT were 0.9% and 1.1%, respectively. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after auto-HCT were 4.33 and 10.09 years, respectively. Although those not in CR at the time of auto-HCT were associated with inferior PFS and OS, advanced age and diagnosis before 2011 were associated with inferior OS. This study showcases the safety and long-term efficacy of auto-HCT, even in patients with high-risk disease who are traditionally considered chemotherapy refractory, and will serve as a benchmark for the ongoing transplant vs no transplant trials.
Benefit of rituximab maintenance after first-line bendamustine-rituximab in mantle cell lymphoma.
Kumar, Anita , Hill, Brian T. , Danilov, Alexey V. , Pongas, Georgios , Greenwell, Irl Brian , Cohen, Jonathon B. , Martin, Peter , Wang, Yucai , Larson, Melissa C. , Bond, David A. , Kahl, Brad S. , Merryman, Reid W. , Grover, Natalie S. , Tun, Aung M. , Ayyappan, Sabarish Ram , Portell, Craig A. , Muñoz, Javier , Reagan, Patrick Michael , Moustafa, Muhamad Alhaj , Pophali, Priyanka A.

Journal of Clinical Oncology | June 28, 2024 | Volume: 42 | Issue: 16_suppl | Pages: 7006-7006

10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.7006 Get It

7006 Background: Rituximab maintenance (RM) after first-line (1L) bendamustine and rituximab (BR) in MCL did not improve progression-free survival in the MAINTAIN trial (Rummel et al, ASCO 2016) but was associated with improved survival outcomes in a North American observational study (Martin et al, JCO 2023). We sought to examine the potential benefit of RM after BR using a large observational cohort from 26 US academic centers. Methods: Patients with MCL who received 1L BR (without stem cell transplant) outside of clinical trials were included. At the landmark of 3 months after the end of BR, patients who achieved a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) to BR and had no evidence of progressive disease (PD) or second-line (2L) therapy were deemed eligible for RM. Event-free survival (EFS) was defined as time from landmark to progression, relapse, retreatment, or death. EFS2 was defined as time from landmark to progression, relapse, or retreatment following 2L therapy or death. RM was not considered a line of therapy for either endpoint. OS was defined as time from landmark to death. Survival analysis was done with Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression models adjusting for sex and simplified MIPI. Results: Among 796 patients who received 1L BR in 2007-2020, 693 achieved a CR or PR. At the 3-month post-BR landmark, 613 had no evidence of PD, among whom 318 (52%) received RM and 295 did not. The RM group was younger (median age 70 vs 72, p = 0.010) and more predominantly male (78% vs 69%, p = 0.047). There was no statistical difference in stage, simplified MIPI, histology (blastoid or pleomorphic vs classic), Ki-67, TP53 alteration, complex karyotype, year of BR start, or best response to BR between the two groups. The median follow-up after the 3-month post-BR landmark was 61.3 months (95% CI 62.6-70.4). The median number of doses of RM was 10 (IQR 5-12). RM was associated with improved EFS (median 47.1 vs 29.7 months, adjusted HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.48-0.73), EFS2 (median 89.1 vs 48.3 months, adjusted HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.50-0.81), and OS (median 136.1 vs 74.3 months, adjusted HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.44-0.75) (all p values < 0.001). In patients with CR to 1L BR (n=527), 271 (51%) received RM, for a median of 11 (IQR 6-12) doses. In this subgroup, RM was associated with improved EFS (median 60.6 vs 31.5 months, adjusted HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.44-0.71), EFS2 (median 89.1 vs 48.3 months, adjusted HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.48-0.81), and OS (median 136.1 vs 75.6 months, adjusted HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.44-0.79) (all p values < 0.001). Analysis in patients with PR to 1L BR was limited by the sample size (n=86, 47 received RM). The numeric differences in median EFS (20.8 vs 11.5, log-rank p = 0.370), EFS2 (48.9 vs 30.3, log-rank p = 0.210) and OS (87.3 vs 46.9, log-rank p = 0.067) were not statistically significant. Conclusions: In this large multicenter study, RM after 1L BR was associated with improved EFS and OS, supporting its use in routine practice for patients with newly diagnosed MCL.
Defining primary refractory large B-cell lymphoma
Bock, Allison M. , Mwangi, Raphael , Wang, Yucai , Khurana, Arushi , Maurer, Matthew J. , Ayers, Amy , Cohen, Jonathon B. , Casulo, Carla , Lossos, Izidore S. , Reicks, Tanner W., Flowers, Christopher R. , Nowakowski, Grzegorz S. , Cohen, Jonathon B , Casulo, Carla , Lossos, Izidore S , Farooq, Umar , Reicks, Tanner, Witzig, T.E. , Cerhan, James R , Nastoupil, Loretta J , Maurer, Matthew , Wang, Yucai , Kahl, Brad S. , Martin, Peter, Ayyappan, Sabarish Ram , Habermann, Thomas M. , Witzig, Thomas E. , Cerhan, James R. , Nastoupil, Loretta J.

Blood Advances | April 26, 2024 | Volume: 8 | Issue: 13 | Pages: 3402-3415

10.1182/bloodadvances.2024012760 Get It

Abstract Patients with large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) that fail to achieve a complete response (CR) or who relapse early after anthracycline-containing immunochemotherapy (IC) have a poor prognosis and are commonly considered to have “primary refractory disease.” However, different definitions of primary refractory disease are used in the literature and clinical practice. In this study, we examined variation in the time to relapse used to define refractory status and association with survival outcomes in patients with primary refractory LBCL in a single-center prospective cohort with validation in an independent multicenter cohort. Patients with newly diagnosed LBCL were enrolled in the Molecular Epidemiological Resource cohort (MER; N = 949) or the Lymphoma Epidemiology of Outcomes cohort (LEO; N = 2755) from September 2002 to May 2021. Primary refractory LBCL was defined as no response (stable disease [SD]) or progressive disease (PD) during, or by the end of, frontline (1L) IC (primary PD; PPD); partial response at end of treatment (EOT PR); or relapse within 3 to 12 months after achieving CR at EOT to 1L IC (early relapse). In the MER cohort, patients with PPD had inferior overall survival (OS; 2-year OS rate: 15% MER, 31% LEO) when compared with other subgroups considered in defining primary refractory disease, EOT PR (2-year OS rate: 38% MER, 50% LEO) and early relapse (2-year OS rate: 44% MER, 58% LEO). Among patients receiving 1L IC with curative intent, we identified that patients with PPD are the key subgroup with poor outcomes. We propose a definition of primary refractory LBCL as SD or PD during, or by the end of, 1L treatment.
The Lymphoma Epidemiology of Outcomes cohort study: Design, baseline characteristics, and early outcomes
Cerhan, James R. , Maurer, Matthew J. , Link, Brian K. , Feldman, Andrew L. , Habermann, Thomas M. , Jaye, David L. , Burack, Richard , McDonnell, Timothy J. , Vega, Francisco , Chapman, Jennifer R. , Leonard, John P. , Bernal‐Mizrachi, Leon , Alderuccio, Juan Pablo , Riska, Shaun M., Gysbers, Brianna, Lunde, Julianne J. , Reicks, Tanner W., Ayers, Amy , O’Leary, Colin B. , Yost, Kathleen J. , Nowakowski, Grzegorz S. , Ruan, Jia , Koff, Jean L. , Thompson, Carrie A. , Cohen, Jonathon B. , Lossos, Izidore S. , Friedberg, Jonathan W. , Martin, Peter W., Flowers, Christopher R. , Burack, W Richard , Syrbu, Sergei , Vij, Kiran R , Bernal-Mizrachi, Leon , Witzig, T.E. , Weiner, George , Wang, Yucai , Alderuccio, Juan Pablo , Slager, Susan L , Liu, Hongfang , Chihara, Dai , Koff, Jean L , Casulo, Carla , Thompson, Carrie A , Cohen, Jonathon B , Kahl, Brad S , Lossos, Izidore S , Feldman, Andrew L , Maurer, Matthew , Cerhan, James R , Vega, Francisco , Link, Brian K , Habermann, Thomas , Jaye, David L , Syrbu, Sergei , Inghirami, Giorgio , Farooq, Umar , Witzig, Thomas E. , Weiner, George J. , Wang, Yucai , Slager, Susan L. , Larson, Melissa C. , Liu, Hongfang , Chihara, Dai , Casulo, Carla , Kahl, Brad S. , Nastoupil, Loretta J. , Martin, Peter

American Journal of Hematology | January 13, 2024 | Volume: 99 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 408-421

10.1002/ajh.27202 Get It

AbstractTo address the current and long‐term unmet health needs of the growing population of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients, we established the Lymphoma Epidemiology of Outcomes (LEO) cohort study (NCT02736357; https://leocohort.org/). A total of 7735 newly diagnosed patients aged 18 years and older with NHL were prospectively enrolled from 7/1/2015 to 5/31/2020 at 8 academic centers in the United States. The median age at diagnosis was 62 years (range, 18–99). Participants came from 49 US states and included 538 Black/African‐Americans (AA), 822 Hispanics (regardless of race), 3386 women, 716 age <40 years, and 1513 rural residents. At study baseline, we abstracted clinical, pathology, and treatment data; banked serum/plasma (N = 5883, 76.0%) and germline DNA (N = 5465, 70.7%); constructed tissue microarrays for four major NHL subtypes (N = 1189); and collected quality of life (N = 5281, 68.3%) and epidemiologic risk factor (N = 4489, 58.0%) data. Through August 2022, there were 1492 deaths. Compared to population‐based SEER data (2015–2019), LEO participants had a similar distribution of gender, AA race, Hispanic ethnicity, and NHL subtype, while LEO was underrepresented for patients who were Asian and aged 80 years and above. Observed overall survival rates for LEO at 1 and 2 years were similar to population‐based SEER rates for indolent B‐cell (follicular and marginal zone) and T‐cell lymphomas, but were 10%–15% higher than SEER rates for aggressive B‐cell subtypes (diffuse large B‐cell and mantle cell). The LEO cohort is a robust and comprehensive national resource to address the role of clinical, tumor, host genetic, epidemiologic, and other biologic factors in NHL prognosis and survivorship.
Real-World Impact of Differences in the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification and International Consensus Classification (ICC) Systems on the Diagnosis of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: An Analysis from the LEO Cohort Study
Abro, Brooj , Chapman‐Fredricks, Jennifer R., Cohen, Jonathon B. , Friedberg, Jonathan W. , Lossos, Izidore S., Martin, Peter , McDonnell, Timothy J. , Riska, Shaun M., Flowers, Christopher R. , Feldman, Andrew L., Maurer, Matthew J. , Habermann, Thomas M. , Burack, Richard , Inghirami, Giorgio , Kahl, Brad S. , Larson, Melissa C. , Link, Brian K. , Lossos, Izidore S. , Nastoupil, Loretta J. , Syrbu, Sergei , Vega, Francisco , Vij, Kiran R , Cerhan, James R. , Jaye, David L. , Feldman, Andrew L.

Blood | December 1, 2023 | Volume: 142 | Issue: Supplement 1 | Pages: 3708-3708

10.1182/blood-2023-179303 Get It

Introduction: The use of standardized, evidence-based classification systems is crucial for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Moreover, standardized classification facilitates research and epidemiologic studies and promotes consistency in communication among healthcare professionals. Since 2016, the revised 4 th edition of the World Health Organization classification (WHO-HAEM4R) has been the global standard for diagnosis of lymphoid malignancies. With the emergence of new data, 2 new classification systems were developed and published in 2022: the 5 th edition of the WHO Classification (WHO-HAEM5) and the International Consensus Classification (ICC). Both WHO-HAEM5 and ICC maintain a shared fundamental concept of disease classification that integrates clinical, pathologic, and molecular data. However, they differ on nomenclature, establishment of new entities, and/or diagnostic criteria for some disease categories. To evaluate the impact of these differences on real-world diagnosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), we examined the diagnostic classification of NHL in the Lymphoma Epidemiology of Outcomes (LEO) Cohort Study (NCT02736357). Methods: Initiated in 2015, LEO is an ongoing prospective observational study of patients aged ≥18 years with newly diagnosed NHL. Patients are enrolled at 8 major U.S. medical centers. Clinical, epidemiologic, pathologic, and treatment data are abstracted at baseline and active follow-up is conducted for all patients. Lymphoma subtype is coded for each case based on expert hematopathology re-review of the diagnostic pathology slides, the pathology report, biomarker data, and clinical data. Of note, NHL subtype distribution is similar to SEER data. We studied all patients enrolled in LEO between 7/1/2016 (the date LEO pathology review started using WHO-HAEM4R diagnostic codes) and 5/31/2020. WHO-HAEM4R diagnoses and additional clinicopathologic data, when relevant, were used to map cases into the corresponding WHO-HAEM5 and ICC diagnoses. Differences between WHO-HAEM5 and ICC were annotated for each case as: None - same disease entity; Minor - difference in nomenclature with similar diagnostic criteria; Major - difference in disease category and/or diagnostic criteria; or Unevaluable - insufficient data to assign WHO-HAEM5 and/or ICC diagnosis. Results: LEO enrolled 6143 patients during the study period. Of these, comparison between WHO-HAEM5 and ICC was evaluable in 5730 (93.3%). Unevaluable cases included those without a specific WHO-HAEM4R diagnosis at enrollment (N=384; e.g., patients with a low-grade B-cell lymphoma that could not be definitively sub-classified) and those with a specific WHO-HAEM4R diagnosis, but with insufficient clinicopathologic data to assign a specific WHO-HAEM5 and/or ICC diagnosis (N=29). Of the 5730 evaluable cases, 5376 (93.8%) showed no difference between WHO-HAEM5 and/or ICC diagnosis, 311 (5.4%) showed minor differences (nomenclature only), and 43 (0.8%) showed major differences (Table 1). The 43 major differences all involved B-cell NHLs; 20 (46.5%) were attributable to different approaches to classifying double-hit lymphomas, 21 (48.9%) to classification of splenic/leukemic B-cell lymphomas, and 2 (4.6%) to classification of B-cell lymphomas occurring at specific anatomic sites (Table 2). Conclusion: In a large, prospective lymphoma cohort reflecting real-world clinical practice at 8 major U.S. medical centers, major diagnostic differences in the classification of NHL using WHO-HAEM5 or ICC classification criteria were seen in 0.8%, whereas the remaining 99.2% of diagnoses were either the same or showed differences in nomenclature only. The existence of 2 concurrent classification systems presents potential for discrepancies in pathologic diagnosis, clinical practice, clinical trials, and other lymphoma research. Furthermore, some of the differences between WHO-HAEM5 and ICC are clinically and potentially therapeutically significant, and their resolution requires further study. Nevertheless, our findings argue that the proportion of patients affected would be small in real-world practice settings. This appears largely related to incidence rates of specific lymphoma subtypes, with major differences between the 2 classifications predominantly affecting rare entities, while there is general concordance on the most common forms of NHL.
PET/CT Enables Appropriate Staging in Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma
Alderuccio, Juan Pablo , Koff, Jean L. , Saul, Eduardo Edelman , Zhao, Wei , Martin, Peter , Chapman‐Fredricks, Jennifer R., Cohen, Jonathon B. , Polar, Mark K., Sassi, R., Moskowitz, Craig H. , Friedberg, Jonathan W. , Kuker, Russ , Flowers, Christopher R. , Lossos, Izidore S. , Sassi, Rafael Hennemann , Koff, Jean L , Stanchina, Michele , Reis, Isildinha Marques dos , Larson, Melissa C. , Chihara, Dai , Habermann, Thomas M. , Nastoupil, Loretta J. , Feldman, Andrew L. , Link, Brian K. , Kahl, Brad S. , Cerhan, James R.

Blood | December 1, 2023 | Volume: 142 | Issue: Supplement 1 | Pages: 5134-5134

10.1182/blood-2023-179478 Get It

Introduction: PET/CT is the standard-of-care for staging and therapy response assessment in lymphoma. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-avidity in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL) remains controversial with some variability by extranodal location. The current Lugano classification recommends the use of CT scans only in staging and follow-up for EMZL. However, emerging data from small studies have challenged this suggestion. In this study we aimed to determine the ability of PET/CT to detect FDG-avid EMZL during staging work-up. Methods: First, we retrospectively analyzed the University of Miami (UM) MZL database (period 2/2016-1/2023) searching for patients who underwent staging PET/CT. Images were reviewed by expert radiologists to ascertain avidity of tumor and not surrounding tissue, with specific attention to ocular and GI locations; if scans were not available (n=15), we retrieved data from reports (results presented in part at ICML2023). Next, we aimed to validate the initial UM results additionally analyzing data from imaging reports for patients prospectively enrolled in the Lymphoma Epidemiology of Outcomes (LEO) MZL cohort (period 7/2015-5/2020), excluding LEO patients from Miami to avoid overlap. Patients with high-grade transformation at diagnosis were excluded. For patients with &gt;1 extranodal site, each location was counted independently. We considered FDG-avid disease if SUVmax was ≥2 as this value is commonly observed between mediastinal blood pool (BP) and liver background. To normalize data, we calculated ratios of lymphoma SUVmax versus both BP and liver background, as available. Patients without measurable disease were excluded from analysis. Results: Among 210 patients with EMZL in the UM cohort, 152 had staging PET/CT and were analyzed. Twenty-two patients demonstrated &gt;1 extranodal site providing a total of 187 locations. The LEO cohort included 411 patients from 7 centers, with 235 having available imaging reports. Fifty-two patients in this cohort demonstrated &gt;1 extranodal site providing a total of 306 locations. Disease distribution is depicted in Table 1. Among 187 EMZL locations in the UM cohort, the most common were gastric (n=33, 17.6%), ocular (n=31, 16.6%), lung (n=30, 16%), skin and soft tissue (n=16, 8.6%, each). Similarly, lung (n=63; 20.6%), soft tissue (n=46; 15%), gastric and ocular (n=34 each; 11%) were common locations in the LEO cohort. EMZL demonstrated FDG-avidity (SUVmax ≥2) across all locations with identical values in both cohorts (UM= 78.1% & LEO= 76.5%). FDG-avidity by location is shown in Table 1A & B with salivary gland (100% & 100%), lung (93.3% & 95.2%), soft tissue (93.8% & 100%), and airways (90.9% & 100%) demonstrating high avidity in both cohorts. Contrarily, skin was commonly non-FDG avid (93.8% & 81%). The median size of FDG-avid lesions was 2.4cm (range, 0.7-17.4) in UM and 2.9cm (range, 0.1-12) in LEO cohorts. In patients with &gt;1 extranodal site FDG-avidity was nearly universal across sites (UM=93% & LEO=100%). We observed a significant correlation between lymphoma size and FDG-avidity for UM (r=0.33; P=0.001), and for LEO (r=0.55; P&lt;0.0001). In patients with background FDG-avidity data in the UM cohort (n=150), a BP index and liver index ≥1 detected lymphoma in 79.3% & 71.5% cases, respectively. We were unable to calculate indexes in LEO cohort since only limited data on BP (n=26) and liver (n=19) background was available in imaging reports. Conclusions: This study represents the largest analysis evaluating accuracy of PET/CT to determine initial tumor burden in 387 patients with EMZL. We demonstrate that EMZL is largely an FDG-avid disease across two cohorts, and PET/CT should be included in the staging of these patients while acknowledging possible limited sensitivity in GI locations due to physiologic uptake. Furthermore, we observed that patients with multiple extranodal locations demonstrate uniform FDG-avidity across all sites except for skin involvement. Based on our results we recommend the incorporation of PET/CT into standard staging of EMZL in planned revised Lugano classification guidelines. In those demonstrating initial FDG-avidity, a lower SUVmax threshold of SUVmax ≥2, comparison to mediastinal BP rather than to liver background activity and evaluating for resolution of focal FDG-avidity should be considered to assess treatment response in routine care and clinical trials.
Lymphoma-Related Quality of Life (QOL) Is Not Impacted By Initial Treatment Choice in Patients with Marginal Zone Lymphoma (MZL): Results from the Prospective Lymphoma Epidemiology of Outcomes (LEO) Cohort
Thompson, Carrie A. , Yost, Kathleen J. , Gysbers, Brianna, Martin, Peter , Cohen, Jonathon B. , Lossos, Izidore S. , Strouse, Christopher , Flowers, Christopher R. , Strouse, Christopher S , Bommier, Côme , Tsang, Mazie , Noble, Brie N. , Casulo, Carla , Hildebrandt, Michelle A.T. , Rosenthal, Allison , Mou, Eric , Durani, Urshila , Williams, Annalynn M , Larson, Melissa C. , Maurer, Matthew J. , Feldman, Andrew L. , Jaye, David L. , Chihara, Dai , Kahl, Brad S. , Habermann, Thomas M. , Dueck, Amylou C. , Cerhan, James R.

Blood | December 1, 2023 | Volume: 142 | Issue: Supplement 1 | Pages: 2395-2395

10.1182/blood-2023-187056 Get It

Background: QOL can be affected by disease burden, side effects of treatment, and psychosocial effects of living with cancer. Although MZL is considered incurable, we previously found that patients diagnosed from 2002-2015 had a good QOL both at baseline (BL) and the first decade after diagnosis, regardless of treatment choice (Bommier et al., submitted). Here, we evaluate whether these findings can be extended to the 2015-2020 treatment era and a more diverse US cohort. Methods: Adults with newly diagnosed MZL from 8 academic centers were prospectively enrolled within 6 months of diagnosis from 2015-2020 in the LEO cohort (NCT02736357). Participants were actively followed for disease progression/relapse, retreatment and death. QOL was measured at BL, and at 1, 2, 3 and 5 years after diagnosis using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lymphoma (FACT-Lym) scale (range 0-164), which consists of the FACT-General (FACT-G, range 0-104) plus a lymphoma-specific scale (range 0-60). Total FACT-G measures 4 QOL domains (range): physical (0-28), social/family (0-28), emotional (0-24), and functional (0-28) well-being (WB). We also used the Trial Outcome Index (TOI; range 0-112), which consists of FACT-G physical and functional WB plus the lymphoma-specific scale and is commonly used as an endpoint in treatment trials. All MZL patients with both BL and at least one follow-up QOL questionnaire were eligible for analysis. Patients were grouped by initial management: active surveillance (observation), local/antibiotic therapy (radiation, surgery, or anti- H. pylori therapy), or systemic therapy (chemotherapy, targeted agents, or antibody therapy). Change in QOL scores over time was analyzed using mixed models for repeated measurements, and initial treatment groups were compared. Results: Of 384 patients, 60% were female, 91% were White, 6.6% were Black/African American, and 13% were Hispanic (all races). The median age was 64 years (range 19-94). For initial management, 28% (N=106) were observed, 31% (N=118) received local/antibiotic therapy, and 42% (N=160) received systemic therapy. Across treatment groups, there were no significant differences by age, gender, race, or performance status, while there were differences by Hispanic ethnicity (p=0.006), Ann Arbor stage (p&lt;0.001) and MALT-IPI score (p&lt;0.001) (Table). At BL, patients receiving systemic therapy had lower physical WB (p=0.008), emotional WB (p=0.04), functional WB (p=0.03), FACT-G total score (p=0.008), lymphoma subscale (p&lt;0.001), FACT-Lym (p=0.001) and TOI (p&lt;0.001) compared to observation and local/antibiotic therapy (Table). While FACT-G total scores were largely stable through 5 years after diagnosis, social/family WB declined from BL for patients initially receiving either local/antibiotic therapy (mean at 1-year -1.4, p&lt;0.05; 2-year -2.1, p&lt;0.05; 3-year -1.6, p&lt;0.05; 5-year-2.9, p&lt;0.05) or systemic therapy (mean at 2-year -1.2 , p&lt;0.05; 3-year -1.4, p&lt;0.05; and 5-year -1.2, p&lt;0.05), while this was stable for observed patients. In patients receiving initial systemic therapy, there was a transient improvement in the lymphoma-specific scale (mean +1.7, p&lt;0.05) and TOI (mean +3.7, p&lt;0.05). Otherwise, QOL remained stable over time and global QoL (FACT-G, FACT-Lym), TOI, Lymphoma-specific scale (Figure), and the other FACT-G subscales (physical, emotional, or functional WB) did not differ by initial treatment strategy. Conclusions: In the diverse LEO cohort from the recent treatment era, we confirm our prior findings for newly diagnosed MZL patients that QOL is globally stable over the first 5 years after diagnosis; emotional WB is not associated with initial treatment type, providing evidence that being initially observed does not negatively impact emotional health; and there is a decline in social/family WB (support from friends and family, family acceptance of illness, family communication, close to partner), which supports the need to consider interventions for patients to address these unmet needs. In addition, this study extends these findings to the lymphoma-specific scale, FACT-Lym, and TOI, which all showing largely stable trends in the 5 years after diagnosis and suggest that recent MZL treatment strategies, including systemic therapies, neither impair nor improve QOL.