Citations 2
Migraine and Stroke Risk in Postmenopausal Women in the Women's Health Initiative
Madsen, Tracy E. , Raker, Christina , Pavlović, Jelena , Harrington, Laura B. , Schnatz, Peter F. , Shadyab, Aladdin H. , Liu, Simin , Penzien, Donald , Wild, Robert , Saquib, Nazmus , Wactawki-Wende, J, Ikramuddin, Farha, LaMonte, Michael J. , Manson, J E, Raker, Christina A , Pavlovic, Jelena M. , Shadyab, Aladdin H , Liu, Simin , Penzien, Donald B , Liu, Longjian , Manson, JoAnn E , Silver, Brian , Harrington, Laura B. , Stefanick, Marcia L , Allison, Matthew, Haring, Bernhard , Wild, Robert A. , Ikramuddin, Farha S. , Manson, JoAnn E.
Neurology | June 5, 2026 | Volume: 107 | Issue: 1 | Pages: No page available
SARS-CoV-2 Positivity, Indicators of COVID-19 Severity, COVID-19 Hospitalization, and Diabetes Risk in the Women’s Health Initiative
Beydoun, Hind A. , Allison, Matthew , Mouton, Charles P., Nuño, Tomas , Tinker, Lesley F. , Ikramuddin, Farha, Allison, Matthew A , Manson, JoAnn E. , Beydoun, May A. , Tsai, Jack , Shadyab, Aladdin H , Jung, Su Yon , Liu, Simin , Ikramuddin, Farha S. , Zonderman, Alan B.
Journal of Women's Health | October 7, 2025 | Volume: 34 | Issue: 11 | Pages: 1416-1425
Objective: To examine prospective associations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) test positivity, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) symptom severity, and COVID-2019 hospitalization with incident clinical diabetes among aging women. Methods: A cohort study was conducted using data from 34,405 eligible Women’s Health Initiative participants who completed ≥1 COVID-2019 surveys (Survey 1: June–December 2020; Survey 2: June 2021–February 2022) and were followed up for an average of 1.86 (±0.49) years, yielding 399 incident diabetes cases. Results: SARS-CoV-2 test positivity was associated with diabetes risk in the age-adjusted Cox regression model (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10, 2.82), but not when fully adjusted (HR = 1.43, 95% CI: 0.88, 2.31). Diabetes risk was higher among those with 1–2 COVID-19 symptoms (HR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.77) and those with 3± COVID-2019 symptoms (HR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.22) compared with those without COVID-2019 symptoms in fully-adjusted models, irrespective of self-reported SARS-CoV-2 testing. COVID-2019 hospitalization was associated with 2–3 times the risk of clinical diabetes in age-adjusted (HR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.52, 5.72) and fully-adjusted (HR = 1.90, 95% CI: 0.97, 3.72) models. Conclusions: Age-adjusted self-reported SARS-CoV-2 test positivity was associated with a higher incidence of diabetes. Reporting of COVID-2019 symptoms and being hospitalized for COVID-2019 were each associated with higher incidence of diabetes in aging women, after controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and health characteristics.