Citations 2
Critical updates in neuroendocrine tumors: Version 9 American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Chauhan, Aman, Chan, Kelley , Ge, Phillip S. , Anaya, Daniel A. , Bergsland, Emily K. , Mittra, Erik , Flem, Sherlonda, Brierley, James D. , Asare, Elliot A. , Washington, Kay, Shi, Chanjuan , Kendi, Ayse T, Asare, Elliot A , Shi, Chanjuan , Chauhan, Aman , Hálfdánarson, Þorvarður R. , Bellizzi, Andrew M. , Rindi, Guido , O’Toole, Dermot , Jain, Dhanpat , Dasari, Arvind , Wei, Alice C. , Hope, Thomas A. , Kendi, A. Tuba , Thomas, Samantha Marie
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians | April 29, 2024 | Volume: 74 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 359-367
Abstract The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for all cancer sites, including gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP‐NETs), is meant to be dynamic, requiring periodic updates to optimize AJCC staging definitions. This entails the collaboration of experts charged with evaluating new evidence that supports changes to each staging system. GEP‐NETs are the second most prevalent neoplasm of gastrointestinal origin after colorectal cancer. Since publication of the AJCC eighth edition, the World Health Organization has updated the classification and separates grade 3 GEP‐NETs from poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma. In addition, because of major advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic technologies for GEP‐NETs, AJCC version 9 advocates against the use of serum chromogranin A for the diagnosis and monitoring of GEP‐NETs. Furthermore, AJCC version 9 recognizes the increasing role of endoscopy and endoscopic resection in the diagnosis and management of NETs, particularly in the stomach, duodenum, and colorectum. Finally, T1NXM0 has been added to stage I in these disease sites as well as in the appendix.
Aggressive PitNETs and Potential Target Therapies: A Systematic Review of Molecular and Genetic Pathways
Agostini, Ludovico , Pietrantoni, Alberto , Valeri, Federico , Costanza, Flavia , Buffoli, Barbara , Piazza, Amedeo , Poliani, Pietro Luigi , Peris‐Celda, Maria , Iavarone, Federica , Gaudino, Simona , Gessi, Marco , Schinzari, Giovanni , Mattogno, Pier Paolo , Marinis, Laura De , Pontecorvi, Alfredo , Fontanella, Marco Maria , Lauretti, Liverana , Doglietto, Francesco , Buffoli, Barbara , Piazza, Amedeo , Iavarone, Federica , Gaudino, Simona , Mattogno, Pier Paolo , Fontanella, Marco Maria , Lauretti, Liverana , Doglietto, Francesco , Serioli, Simona , Chiloiro, Sabrina , Giampietro, Antonella , Rindi, Guido , Olivi, Alessandro , Bianchi, Antonio
International Journal of Molecular Sciences | October 29, 2023 | Volume: 24 | Issue: 21 | Pages: 15719
Recently, advances in molecular biology and bioinformatics have allowed a more thorough understanding of tumorigenesis in aggressive PitNETs (pituitary neuroendocrine tumors) through the identification of specific essential genes, crucial molecular pathways, regulators, and effects of the tumoral microenvironment. Target therapies have been developed to cure oncology patients refractory to traditional treatments, introducing the concept of precision medicine. Preliminary data on PitNETs are derived from preclinical studies conducted on cell cultures, animal models, and a few case reports or small case series. This study comprehensively reviews the principal pathways involved in aggressive PitNETs, describing the potential target therapies. A search was conducted on Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science for English papers published between 1 January 2004, and 15 June 2023. 254 were selected, and the topics related to aggressive PitNETs were recorded and discussed in detail: epigenetic aspects, membrane proteins and receptors, metalloprotease, molecular pathways, PPRK, and the immune microenvironment. A comprehensive comprehension of the molecular mechanisms linked to PitNETs’ aggressiveness and invasiveness is crucial. Despite promising preliminary findings, additional research and clinical trials are necessary to confirm the indications and effectiveness of target therapies for PitNETs.