Lathiya, Maulik K

Abstract Emphysematous gastritis (EG) is a rare form of gastritis characterized by gastric wall pneumatosis. It is associated with a high mortality rate. Our case report describes a patient with a history of atrial fibrillation treated with apixaban, prior stroke, and schizoaffective disorder who showed epigastric tenderness on examination. However, no peritonitis signs were recorded, and laboratory values revealed high lactate levels and the presence of adenovirus F40/41. Abdominal computed tomography scan showed extensive portal venous gas in the left hepatic lobe of the liver, as well as pneumatosis involving the entire stomach, indicating EG. The diagnosis was histologically confirmed and initially managed medically, which proved inefficacious, necessitating surgical intervention in the form of a laparotomy and esophagojejunostomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction. This case report suggests a potential association between EG and adenovirus F40/41–induced gastroenteritis, thereby emphasizing the challenging nature of EG. It underscores the need for comprehensive research to enhance our understanding of its underlying causes and effective treatment strategies.

Background. Aortic dissection (AD) is a rare but serious medical emergency where the aorta’s inner layer tears. Females are less likely to develop it than males, and AD cases with unusual symptoms can be hard to diagnose. Diagnosing AD can be further complicated as its symptoms and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes can mimic acute coronary syndrome, and it is challenging to distinguish it without risk factors. Case Report. This case report describes a 60-year-old female patient who presented with unusual symptoms, including pain in her chest, neck, left arm, and lower extremities. An electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed ST elevation in leads aVR and V1, as well as severe ST depression and T wave inversion in the inferior and lateral leads, which can mimic acute coronary syndrome. Despite initial treatment with nitroglycerin, the patient’s pain worsened, and a CT angiography revealed type A aortic dissection extending from the aortic root to the right external iliac artery. Immediate surgery was recommended, which significantly improved the patient’s condition. Conclusions. Be aware of aortic dissection and its symptoms, even if there are no risk factors or recognizable symptoms. Consider aortic dissection as a potential diagnosis if ECG changes are present. Ongoing education can help decrease mortality and increase awareness.

Key Clinical MessageDaptomycin causes serious side effects like rhabdomyolysis at high doses. At lower doses it can cause isolated hyperkalemia without frank rhabdomyolysis. Checking BMP along with CK helps taking timely measures to prevent adverse consequences.AbstractHyperkalemia is a common yet challenging clinical condition faced daily by physicians worldwide. Accurate etiology and timely management are paramount in correcting this preventable yet life‐threatening electrolyte imbalance. Very seldom has Daptomycin been implicated as a culprit for hyperkalemia. We present one such unique case where a low dose of Daptomycin led to hyperkalemia, and timely identification improved patient outcomes. We present a 69‐year‐old woman with multiple comorbidities admitted to the intensive care unit to manage diabetic ketoacidosis and sepsis. She developed acute kidney injury due to intravenous contrast, volume depletion, and obstructive uropathy. Interestingly although initially normokalemic, as her renal function started improving with sound urine output, she developed recurrent hyperkalemia, which required medical management. The etiology of hyperkalemia was initially unclear, but on closer review, it was discovered that Daptomycin was the potential culprit. Although case studies with high‐dose Daptomycin causing rhabdomyolysis and hyperkalemia have been reported, low‐dose Daptomycin causing hyperkalemia without rhabdomyolysis has never been reported, bringing forth the uniqueness of our article.