Levi, Miriam E

Abstract Reproductive events beginning with pregnancy and ending with remodeling of the breast after cessation of breastfeeding alter breast structure and function and produce dramatic changes in systemic biology. In aggregate, these processes lower overall risk for breast, tubo-ovarian and endometrial cancers, albeit differentially by molecular subtypes of these tumors. Herein, we explore opportunities for research on protective mechanisms operative during this period of the life course, with the goal of encouraging studies to advance cancer prevention. See related article by Getz et al., p. 353

AbstractTraveler's diarrhea (TD) is a common occurrence when people travel to foreign countries and can affect individuals of all ages, including those who are pregnant. This clinical syndrome is caused by a variety of intestinal pathogens, and treatment is based on the acuity of the patient's symptoms. This case report describes the clinical presentation and management of a pregnant woman with a history of TD who requests an antibiotic prescription for the potential need of empiric self‐treatment of TD for an upcoming business trip outside of the United States. The clinical presentation of TD, differential diagnoses, treatment plan options, prevention recommendations, and empiric self‐treatment are reviewed. Current evidence‐based guidelines are discussed, and high‐risk conditions such as pregnancy are considered.