Tierney, Seda

The novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, created a need for evidence-based guidelines for the evaluation, management, and follow-up after infection. Data have become rapidly available, creating a challenge for medical providers to stay abreast of the ever-evolving recommendations. This article, written collaboratively by pediatric cardiovascular experts, pediatricians, and sports medicine specialists, is focused on SARS-CoV- 2-related pediatric cardiac manifestations. It aims to provide a systematic review of high-yield literature related to all cardiovascular entities as a tool for primary pediatric clinicians to utilize as they consider the cardiac consequences of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, MIS-C, vaccine-related myocarditis, return-to-play, and long COVID-19 syndrome.

While significant progress has been made in reducing disparities within the US health care system, notable gaps remain. This article explores existing disparities within pediatric congenital heart disease care. Congenital heart disease, the most common birth defect and a leading cause of infant death, has garnered substantial attention, revealing certain disparities within the US health care system. Factors such as race, ethnicity, insurance coverage, socioeconomic status, and geographic location are all commonalities that significantly affect health disparities in pediatric congenital heart disease. This comprehensive review sheds light on disparities from diverse perspectives in pediatric care, demonstrates the inequities and inequalities leading to these disparities, presents effective solutions, and issues a call to action for providers, institutions, and the health care system. Recognizing and addressing these disparities is imperative for ensuring equitable care and enhancing the long‐term well‐being of children affected by congenital heart disease. Implementing robust, evidence‐based frameworks that promote responsible and safe interventions is fundamental to enduring change.