Sabbagh, Aliaa Al

Key Clinical MessageEctopic pituitary adenoma is a rare neoplasm located in the clivus and could mimic other clival tumors. Diagnosis and treatment could be challenging. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis of clival tumors.AbstractEctopic pituitary adenomas (EPAs) are isolated adenomas that can be located in variable locations outside the sella turcica and have a normal‐appearing pituitary gland. These tumors are rare and are thought to often arise from embryological remnants along the route of Rathke's pouch migration. EPAs are associated with a wide range of clinical manifestations depending on hormonal activity and involvement of adjacent structures, which can represent a challenge in making the diagnosis and deciding on the most appropriate management. In this case study, we report a 47‐year‐old male who presented with visual disturbances, a headache, and generalized weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a 2 cm mass located in the clivus invading the sphenoid sinus with an intact pituitary gland. The patient underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery to eradicate the mass while maintaining the integrity of the pituitary gland, which was successful and uneventful. Pathological studies were consistent with prolactinoma, with no cytological malignant features. Post‐surgery, symptoms notably improved, and serum prolactin levels significantly dropped, The patient's condition was satisfactory on follow‐up with no long‐term complications reported. This paper contributes to the existing literature by sharing the clinical management of a challenging and uncommon case.

Background: Congenital mesoblastic nephroma is the most common renal tumor in children under the age of 6 months, comprising 3–10% of all kidney tumors in children. It is a rare and mostly benign tumor. It divides into cellular, classic, and mixed subtypes. It is typically detected in the third trimester of pregnancy using ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. The best treatment is surgically by completely removing the tumor. Case presentation: We reported a case of a one-day-old female who was born at 31 weeks gestation weighing 1670 g. Preterm labor was due to polyhydramnios, which was diagnosed predelivery. A large mass was detected in the left hypochondrium using computerized tomography, total nephrectomy was performed, and the histopathological examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of congenital mesoblastic nephroma. Clinical discussion and conclusion: Early polyhydramnios could be the most significant sign of renal tumors in infants, especially congenital mesoblastic nephroma.