Baldaranov, Dobri

AbstractINTRODUCTIONCerebral microhemorrhages (CMHs) are detectable by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CMHs in deep brain regions are linked to hypertensive vasculopathy, while those in lobar regions with amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition in blood vessels. This study aims to determine the association between anti‐thrombotic treatment and CMH prevalence among cognitively asymptomatic adults, and to assess the role of Aβ markers, apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carrier status, and cardiovascular risk factors in CMH development.METHODSUsing baseline data from the Anti‐Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's Disease (A4) and Longitudinal Evaluation of Amyloid Risk and Neurodegeneration (LEARN) studies, we examined CMH presence via 3T MRI, along with medication use, APOE ε4 carrier status, medical history, and blood pressure.RESULTSOur analysis showed a significantly higher prevalence of CMHs in the A4 cohort (17.3%) compared to the LEARN cohort (2.6%).DISCUSSIONFactors such as male sex, age, Aβ markers, and APOE ε4 status were significantly associated with higher CMH prevalence in the A4 cohort. However, anti‐thrombotic treatment did not show association with overall CMHs.Highlights Male sex, age > 75, amyloid beta (Aβ) burden, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 homozygosity are significantly associated with higher prevalence of CMHs (cerebral microhemorrhages) in a cohort of cognitively asymptomatic individuals. Male sex, age > 75, Aβ burden, and APOE ε4 homozygosity are significantly associated with higher prevalence of lobar CMHs in a cohort of cognitively asymptomatic individuals. Anti‐platelet or anti‐coagulant usage were not associated with an increased prevalence of CMHs in either brain location or overall, in a cohort of cognitively asymptomatic individuals. History of a lipid disorder is associated with a higher prevalence of lobar CMHs in a cohort of cognitively asymptomatic individuals.

AbstractIntroductionLumbar puncture (LP) to collect and examine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an important option for the evaluation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers but it is not routinely performed due to its invasiveness and link to adverse effects (AE).MethodsWe include all participants who received at least one LP in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) Study. For comparison between groups, two‐sample t‐tests for continuous, and Pearson's chi‐square test for categorical variables were performed.ResultsTwo hundred twenty‐seven LP‐related AEs were reported by 172 participants after 1702 LPs (13.3%). The mean age of participants who reported at least one AE was 69.79 (standard deviation (SD) 6.3) versus none 72.44 (7.17) years (p < 0.001) with female predominance (115/172 = 67.4% vs 435/913 = 48%), and had greater entorhinal cortical thickness and hippocampal volume (3.903 (0.782) vs 3.684 (0.775) mm, p = 0.002; 7.38 (1.06) vs 7.05 (1.15) mm3, p < 0.001), respectively.DiscussionWe found that younger age, female sex, and greater thickness of the entorhinal cortex were associated with a higher rate of LP‐related AE reports.