Vorsa, Nicholi

Diabetics tend to have inadequate fruit consumption, elevated plasma glucose and insulin, and increased cardiovascular disease risk. Dried fruit may represent one way to increase fruit consumption among diabetics. Polydextrose is a commonly used soluble fiber and bulking agent providing very little available carbohydrate energy. The glycemic and insulinemic response of type 2 diabetics (n=13) to a single serving of white bread (57g; 160 Cal; 1 g fiber), raw cranberries (RC; 55g; 21 Cal; 1 g fiber), sweetened dried cranberries‐original (SCDO; 40g, 138 Cal; 2.1g fiber), and SDC‐less sugar (SDCLS; 40g; 113 Cal; 1.8g fiber + 10g polydextrose) was measured in a single cross‐over design. Plasma glucose (mg/dl) and insulin ( μU/ml) was measured prior to consumption, then 30, 60 and 120 minutes postprandially. Plasma glucose peaked at 30 or 60 min following bread, RC, SDCO, and SDCLS at 175 ± 10, 127 ± 7, 175 ± 10 and 158 ± 9 min, respectively, and remained significantly elevated 120 min following bread consumption. Peak plasma insulin for SDCO (15 ± 2) and RC (10 ± 1) was significantly less than bread (22 ± 2) or SDCO (22 ± 4), and remained slightly elevated at 120 minutes. The area under the curve values reflected similar changes. SDCLS consumption could be useful for improving fruit consumption by type 2 diabetics in a manner that provides glycemic and insulinemic benefits. Sponsor: Ocean Spray Cranberries Inc.

Persons with metabolic syndrome could benefit from improved fruit consumption and reduced caloric intake. A cranberry fruit containing reduced titratable acidity was developed and used to create a 27% reduced calorie cranberry juice (RCCBJ) containing less added sugar (74 Cal/240 ml) relative to the 110 Cal/240 ml industry standard cranberry juice (CBJ). Subjects were recruited for metabolic syndrome (n=18; 53 16 years; BMI=34.4 ± 3.9) and their metabolic response to CBJ and RCCBJ was evaluated in single cross‐over fashion. Plasma glucose for CBJ at 0‐, 30‐, 60‐, and 120‐min was 105.6±12.3, 149.5±22.6, 127.9±30.3, and 98.6±14.6 (mg/dl). Plasma glucose for RCCBJ was 104.6±13.3, 140.3±22.5, 116.0±27.23, and 100.4±13. Plasma insulin for CBJ at 0‐, 30‐, 60‐, and 120‐ min was 10.21±5.1, 41.5±22.6, 30.3±19.7, and 12.0± (µIU/ml). Plasma insulin for RCCBJ was 12.2±8.4, 34.8±21.6, 20.7±13.9, and 12.3±9.8. For CBJ and RCCBJ plasma glucose and insulin significantly increased relative to baseline at 30‐ and 60‐min. At 60 min RCCBJ glucose and insulin were significantly less than CBJ. Plasma adiponectin and glucagon like peptide‐1 responses were also measured for CBJ and RCCBJ at 0‐, 30‐, 60‐, and 120‐min. Reduced acidity cranberry fruit was associated with RCCBJ containing 33% fewer calories and a beneficial metabolic response in persons with metabolic syndrome.