Martin, William

The in vitro activity of minocycline against 1,028 bacterial strains was determined in parallel in Mueller Hinton Agar and Trypticase Soy Agar. The broad antibacterial effect of minocycline against gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli is confirmed. Minimal inhibitory concentrations for gram-positive bacteria in Mueller Hinton Agar were at least twofold less than in Trypticase Soy Agar. Minimal inhibitory concentrations for gram-negative bacilli in Mueller Hinton Agar were usually fourfold less than in Trypticase Soy Agar.

Abstract Sterol excretion in the spontaneously atherosclerosis‐susceptible White Carneau (WC) pigeon, the Silver King (SK) pigeon and the Show Racer (SR) pigeon was studied by thin layer chromatography (TLC), argentation TLC and gas liquid chromatography. Unlike man and the chicken, these pigeons excreted no coprostanol or coprostanone derivatives of sterols. Moreover incubation of 14 C‐labeled cholesterol with pigeon feces indicated that, also unlike man and the chicken, these pigeons are unable to convert it to coprostanol. Bacteriologic examination revealed the absence of gram‐negative anaerobic flora and of members of the genus Bifidobacterium in both the WC and SR pigeons. On the other hand, one of the two SK pigeons examined showed evidence of the presence of both Bacteroids fragilis and B. bifidum in the upper intestinal tract. Although no qualitative experiments were performed, no unusual characteristics of the aerobic flora were noted in these pigeons. In addition, analysis of human stool specimens indicated a “normal” bowel flora. The flora of the intestinal tract of the chicken is similar to that of the human. Because of this similarity, it appears that differences in environment (living conditions, diets) between the human and the chicken are of little consequence. The results obtained in this study suggest the possibility that the anaerobic gram‐negative flora and sponsible, at least in part, for the chemical conversion of cholesterol to coprostanol.