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Background: Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) is an extremely rare, high-grade, and aggressive tumor of the sinonasal tract. Due to the rarity of this malignancy, current treatment guidelines are based on small and often/mainly single-center retrospective datasets. In the absence of a universally accepted standard of care for SNUC, treatment approaches vary across countries and institutions, reflecting real-world clinical practice. The primary aim of this study was to describe real-world treatment and outcomes for patients with confirmed SNUC. Methods: This was an international, multi-center, retrospective, observational cohort study that pooled patients into the largest SNUC dataset to date. Fifteen centers were enrolled to contribute data, including seven from Europe, four from the United States, three from the United Kingdom, and one from Canada. In the absence of a universally accepted standard of care for SNUC, treatment approaches varied across countries and institutions, reflecting real-world clinical practice. Patients included were those with histologically confirmed SNUC who were treated between 1997 and 2021. Results: This study yielded 485 patients treated for SNUC. The median age at diagnosis was 55.6 years (IQR: 44.5–67.6), and 63.7% were male. Most cases presented at advanced stages, with 70.8% as T4a or T4b. Overall survival (OS) outcomes were available for 412 patients, with a median follow-up of 26.0 months. The 5- and 10-year OS were 47.2% (95% CI: 40.8–53.3%) and 39.6% (95% CI: 32.5–46.6%), respectively. Advanced age, dichotomized T-stage (T4a/b vs. T1–3), M-stage, and orbital involvement were significant poor prognostic factors on univariable analysis (p’s < 0.01). On multivariable analysis, orbital involvement (HR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.42–5.27, p = 0.003) and distance metastasis stage (HR: 3.00, 95% CI: 1.25–7.21, p = 0.014) were both independently associated with worse OS. Conclusions: This observational study presents the largest multi-center cohort analysis of SNUC to date, providing new insights into prognostic factors for a rare cancer treated at global centers of excellence. Orbital involvement and the presence of metastases are candidate independent risk factors associated with poorer OS.

Abstract Oncogenic translocations involving the MET gene have been reported in several cancer types, but detailed clinicogenomic characterization of these cancers is not well defined. In addition, prospective clinical trials evaluating the antitumor activity of MET inhibitors in MET rearrangement–positive cancers are limited. In this study, in a pan-cancer analysis of &gt;46,000 solid tumors with comprehensive genomic profiling, we identified oncogenic MET rearrangements in ∼0.04% of cancers. Preliminary analysis from a phase II clinical trial of the type I MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) vebreltinib in MET fusion–positive solid tumors demonstrated an objective response rate of 50% and disease control rate of 79%, with antitumor activity seen in diverse cancer types, including lung adenocarcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, among others. Similar to MET exon 14–altered lung cancer, secondary mutations in the kinase domain can confer resistance to MET TKIs in MET fusion–positive cancers. Overall, these data categorize MET rearrangements as actionable targets in solid tumors. Significance: MET rearrangement–positive cancers are not well-characterized, and optimal treatment strategies are yet to be defined. Through comprehensive genomic analysis, preclinical modeling, and preliminary results of a phase II clinical trial, we demonstrate that MET fusions are a unique molecular subtype of cancers targetable with vebreltinib, a TKI in development.

Background: Bimiralisib is a pan-PI3K/mTOR inhibitor demonstrating antitumor efficacy in preclinical models. The objectives of this study were to identify a maximum tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetics (PK), a dosing schedule, and adverse events (AEs) in patients with advanced solid tumors. Patients and Methods: Patients received oral bimiralisib to determine the MTD of one continuous (once daily) and two intermittent schedules (A: Days 1, 2 weekly; B: Days 1, 4 weekly) until progression or unacceptable AEs occurred. Results: The MTD for the continuous schedule was 80 mg, with grade three fatigue as the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). No MTD was reached with intermittent schedules, with only one DLT in schedule B. PK analysis suggested that 140 mg (schedule A) was within the biologically active dose range and was selected for further exploration. The most frequent treatment-emergent AEs were hyperglycemia (76.2%) in the continuous schedule, and nausea (56–62.5%) in schedules A and B. The most frequent treatment-emergent > grade three AE for all schedules combined was hyperglycemia (28.6%, continuous schedule; 12.0%, schedule A; 12.5%, schedule B). There was one partial response in a head and neck squamous cancer patient with a NOTCH1T1997M mutation. Conclusions: Bimiralisib demonstrated a manageable AE profile consistent with this compound class. Intermittent schedules had fewer > grade three AEs, while also maintaining favorable PK profiles. Intermittent schedule A is proposed for further development in biomarker-selected patient populations.

9058 Background: Breast cancer gene 1 (BRCA1)-associated protein 1 (BAP1), a nuclear deubiquitinase, is commonly inactivated in malignant mesothelioma. Preclinical data showed that BAP1 inactivation sensitizes mesothelial cells to inhibition of enhancer of zeste-homolog 2 (EZH2), a methyltransferase implicated as an oncogenic driver in this tumor. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of tazemetostat (TAZ), a potent and selective EZH2 inhibitor, in relapsed/refractory (R/R) malignant mesothelioma with BAP1-inactivation. Methods: EZH-203 (NCT02860286) was a 2-part, open-label, phase 2 study that assessed the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, and efficacy of TAZ in pts with R/R malignant mesothelioma. In part 1, pts received TAZ 800 mg QD on day 1 (D1) and 800 mg BID, beginning day 2 of cycle 1 (C1). In part 2, pts received 800 mg of TAZ BID on D1 of C1. A two-stage Green-Dahlberg design was used for part 2. Primary endpoints were PK profiling of TAZ in all pts (part 1), and disease control rate (DCR) at week 12 in pts with BAP1-deficient R/R malignant mesothelioma (part 2). Secondary endpoints included safety, overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival, overall survival, and duration of response (DOR). Results: The study enrolled 74 pts with R/R malignant mesothelioma, 70 pts (95%) were centrally confirmed to be BAP1-deficient. Median prior lines of therapy were 2 (range, 1-9). Observed clinical data in the presence of CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers suggest a low DDI potential of TAZ. The 12 week DCR was 47% (n = 35). The ORR per RECIST version 1.1 was 3% [complete response: 0%; partial response (PR): 3% (n = 2)]. Of the 2 patients with PR, 1 had a DOR of 21 weeks and the other is ongoing (15.3 weeks at data cut off). 47 pts (64%) and 21 pts (28%) had stable disease (SD) and progressive disease, respectively. Overall, 91% pts discontinued, either due to disease progression (n = 65), death (n = 5), or treatment discontinuation (n = 1). Grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred in ≤5% of patients, most commonly anemia (5%) and dyspnea (4%). No pts discontinued due to TEAEs. There were no treatment related deaths. Conclusions: Based on disease control rate and stable disease, TAZ showed antitumor activity in pts with BAP1-deficient R/R malignant mesothelioma. TAZ monotherapy was generally well-tolerated. The current data support further clinical evaluation of TAZ in these pts. Furthermore, this trial presents an optimal paradigm for drug development in molecularly-enriched cohorts in mesothelioma. Clinical trial information: NCT02860286.