Citations
92 citation(s) found for "Yang, Liu".
Per-pass analysis of recanalization and good neurological outcome in thrombectomy for stroke: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Larco, Jorge Arturo , Abbasi, Mehdi , Liu, Yang , Kadirvel, Ramanathan , Brinjikji, Waleed , Arturo Larco, Jorge L , Madhani, Sarosh Irfan , Shahid, Adnan Hussain , Kadirvel, Ram , Brinjikji, Waleed , Savastano, Luis E., Liu, Yang , Savastano, Luis
Interventional Neuroradiology | July 7, 2021 | Volume: 28 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 358-363
10.1177/15910199211028342
| PMID 34229523
Background and aim First pass effect (FPE) is defined as achieving a complete recanalization with a single thrombectomy device pass. Although clinically desired, FPE is reached in less than 30% of thrombectomy procedures. Multiple device passes are often necessary to achieve successful or complete recanalization. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the recanalization rate after each pass of mechanical thrombectomy and its association with good neurological outcome. Methods A literature search was performed for studies reporting the number of device passes required for either successful (mTICI 2b or higher) or complete (mTICI 2c or higher) recanalization. Using random-effect meta-analysis, we evaluated the likelihood of recanalization and good neurological outcome (measured with the modified Rankin Score <2 at 90 days) after each device pass. Results Thirteen studies comprising 4197 patients were included. Among cases with failed first pass, 24% of them achieved final complete recanalization and 45% of them achieved final successful recanalization. Independently to the total number of previously failed attempts, the likelihood of achieving successful recanalization was 30% per pass, and the likelihood to achieve complete recanalization was about 20% per pass. The likelihood of good neurological outcome in patients with final successful recanalization decreased after each device pass: 55% after the first pass, 48% after the second pass, 42% after the third pass, 36% after the fourth pass, and 26% for 5 passes or more. Conclusion Each pass is associated with a stable likelihood of recanalization but a decreased likelihood of good neurological outcome.
Nonselective beta‐blockers are associated with a lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among cirrhotic patients in the United States
Wijarnpreecha, Karn , Li, Fang , Xiang, Yang , Zhu, Cong , Maroufy, Vahed , Tao, Wei , Pham, Huy Anh, Zhou, Yujia , Li, Jianfu , Zhang, Xinyuan , Xu, Hua , Tao, Cui , Xu, Hua , Taner, C. Burcin , Tao, Cui , Wijarnpreecha, Karn , Li, Fang , Xu, Xun, Wang, Qing , Tao, Wei, Dang, Yifang , Yang, Liu
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics | July 5, 2021 | Volume: 54 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 481-492
10.1111/apt.16490
| PMID 34224163
SummaryBackgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated an association between nonselective beta‐blockers (NSBBs) and lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhosis. However, there has been no population‐based study investigating the risk of HCC among cirrhotic patients treated using carvedilol.AimsTo determine the risk of HCC among cirrhotic patients with NSBBs including carvedilol.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study utilised the Cerner Health Facts database in the United States from 2000 to 2017. Kaplan‐Meier estimate, Cox proportional hazards regression, and propensity score matching (PSM) were used to test the HCC risk among the carvedilol, nadolol, and propranolol groups compared with no beta‐blocker group.ResultsThe final cohort comprised 107 428 eligible patients. The 100‐month cumulative HCC incidence of NSBBs was significantly lower than the no beta‐blocker group (carvedilol (11.24%) vs no beta‐blocker (15.69%), nadolol (27.55%) vs no beta‐blocker (32.11%), and propranolol (26.17%) vs no beta‐blocker (28.84%) (P values < 0.0001). NSBBs were associated with a significantly lower risk of HCC (Hazard ratio: carvedilol 0.61 (95% CI 0.51‐0.73), nadolol 0.74 (95% CI 0.63‐0.87), propranolol 0.75 (95% CI 0.66‐0.84) after PSM in the multivariate cox analysis. In subgroup analysis, NSBBs reduced the risk of HCC in cirrhosis with complications and non‐alcoholic cirrhosis.ConclusionsNSBBs, including carvedilol, were associated with a significantly decreased risk of HCC in patients with cirrhosis when compared with no beta‐blocker regardless of complications status. Future randomised‐controlled studies comparing the incidence of HCC among NSBBs should elucidate which NSBB would be the best option to prevent HCC in cirrhosis.
Failure modes and effects analysis of mechanical thrombectomy for stroke discovered in human brains
Liu, Yang, Gebrezgiabhier, Daniel, Reddy, Adithya S., Davis, Evan, Zheng, Yihao, Larco, Jorge L. Arturo, Shih, Albert J., Pandey, Aditya S., Savastano, Luis E., Gebrezgiabhier, Daniel , Larco, Jorge Arturo , Arturo Larco, Jorge L , Liu, Yang, Reddy, Adithya S., Davis, Evan, Zheng, Yihao, Shih, Albert J., Pandey, Aditya S., Savastano, Luis E.
Journal of Neurosurgery | June 4, 2021 | Volume: 136 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 197-204
10.3171/2020.11.jns203684
| PMID 34087793
OBJECTIVE Despite advancement of thrombectomy technologies for large-vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke and increased user experience, complete recanalization rates linger around 50%, and one-third of patients who have undergone successful recanalization still experience poor neurological outcomes. To enhance the understanding of the biomechanics and failure modes, the authors conducted an experimental analysis of the interaction of emboli/artery/devices in the first human brain test platform for LVO stroke described to date. METHODS In 12 fresh human brains, 105 LVOs were recreated by embolizing engineered emboli analogs and recanalization was attempted using aspiration catheters and/or stent retrievers. The complex mechanical interaction between diverse emboli (elastic, stiff, and fragment prone), arteries (anterior and posterior circulation), and thrombectomy devices were observed, analyzed, and categorized. The authors systematically evaluated the recanalization process through failure modes and effects analysis, and they identified where and how thrombectomy devices fail and the impact of device failure. RESULTS The first-pass effect (34%), successful (71%), and complete (60%) recanalization rates in this model were consistent with those in the literature. Failure mode analysis of 184 passes with thrombectomy devices revealed the following. 1) Devices loaded the emboli with tensile forces leading to elongation and intravascular fragmentation. 2) In the presence of anterograde flow, small fragments embolize to the microcirculation and large fragments result in recurrent vessel occlusion. 3) Multiple passes are required due to recurrent (15%) and residual (73%) occlusions, or both (12%). 4) Residual emboli remained in small branching and perforating arteries in cases of alleged complete recanalization (28%). 5) Vacuum caused arterial collapse at physiological pressures (27%). 6) Device withdrawal caused arterial traction (41%), and severe traction provoked avulsion of perforating and small branching arteries. CONCLUSIONS Biomechanically superior thrombectomy technologies should prevent unrestrained tensional load on emboli, minimize intraluminal embolus fragmentation and release, improve device/embolus integration, recanalize small branching and perforating arteries, prevent arterial collapse, and minimize traction.
Digital measurement of functional status of patients with glioblastoma.
Damestani, Yasaman, Colman, Howard , Bent, Martin J. van den , Groot, John Frederick De, Lassman, Andrew B. , Duic, J. Paul, Tang, Shijie , Tamir, Sharon , Shacham, Eran, Shah, Jatin J., Shacham, Sharon, Wen, Patrick Y. , van den Bent, Martin J , Mehta, Minesh P. , Colman, Howard , Camphausen, Kevin , Weller, Michael , Galanis, Evanthia , Hottinger, Andreas Felix , Nabors, Burt , Li, Kai shang , Liu, Yang , Wen, Patrick Yung
Journal of Clinical Oncology | June 2, 2021 | Volume: 39 | Issue: 15_suppl | Pages: 2016-2016
10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.2016
2016 Background: Among the primary aims of new therapies for glioblastoma (GBM) are the reduction of morbidity and restoration or preservation of quality of life (QoL). Selinexor (SEL) is a first-in class, oral, selective inhibitor of nuclear export which blocks exportin 1 (XPO1), forcing the nuclear retention and reactivation of tumor suppressor proteins, ultimately causing cell death in cancer cells. SEL is approved for the treatment of previously treated multiple myeloma and DLBCL. XPORT-GBM-029 (NCT04421378) is a phase 1 dose finding study followed by an open-label randomized phase 2, 3-arm trial to evaluate SEL in combination with standard therapies for newly diagnosed and recurrent GBM: Arm A (ndGBM, uMGMT) – radiation +/- SEL; Arm B (ndGBM, mMGMT) – radiation and temozolomide +/- SEL; Arm C (rGBM) – lomustine +/- SEL at first relapse. We look to identify sensitive, reliable, and clinically meaningful digital assessments of the functional status of ndGBM and rGBM patients via a patient-centric approach. Methods: XPORT-GBM-029 incorporates standard clinical and imaging evaluations of GBM progression with novel digital tools that objectively measure motor and cognitive function. The study is conducted at 50 sites globally with the aim of enrolling 350 patients with newly diagnosed and recurrent GBM. Following discussions with KOLs and patient advocacy partners at EndbrainCancer, we surveyed GBM patients and their caregivers to identify disease manifestations critical to patients’ QoL. The survey revealed four key areas impacting patients’ QoL that can be affected by GBM therapies and can be objectively monitored: cognitive function, lateralization, fatigue, and sleep. In this trial we use objective measurements to evaluate SEL’s effects on GBM patients’ QoL. Patients wear inertial sensors to measure their activity and sleep and complete a cognitive battery at baseline and before each MRI. Results: Associations between objective digital measures of activity, gait, fatigue, sleep, and cognition will be examined with respect to clinical assessments including physical examinations, modified Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (mRANO), Neurologic Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (NANO), Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) and Patient Reported Outcome (PRO) QoL questionnaires. Descriptive summary statistics and plots are employed in exploratory data analysis, and other advanced data mining methods may also be considered. Conclusions: XPORT-GBM-029 trial is probably the first large, prospective, longitudinal study in GBM patients employing digital markers and may provide useful information regarding the utility of wearable and mobile devices for measuring functional outcomes in clinical trials. Clinical trial information: NCT04421378.
Per pass analysis of thrombus composition retrieved by mechanical thrombectomy
Abbasi, Mehdi , Kvamme, Peter , Patel, Biraj M. , Gounis, Matthew J. , Kadirvel, Ramanathan , Kallmes, David F. , Doyle, Karen , Cloft, Harry J. , Liu, Yang , Thacker, Ike, Aghaebrahim, Amin, Sauvageau, Eric , Copelan, Alexander , Nazari, Pouya , Cantrell, Donald R. , Bhuva, Parita, Soomro, Jazba , Mohammaden, Mahmoud , Pisani, Leonardo , Puri, Ajit S , Brinjikji, Waleed , Patel, Biraj M , Fitzgerald, Seán , Mereuta, Oana M, Dai, Daying , Kadirvel, Ram , Kallmes, David F , Savastano, Luis E., Kayan, Yasha , Nazari, Pouya , Al-Bayati, Alhamza , Brinjikji, Waleed , Liu, Yang , Layton, Kennith F. , Hanel, Ricardó A. , Almekhlafi, Mohammed , Almandoz, Josser E Delgado , Mendes Pereira, Vitor , Jahromi, Babak S. , Yoo, Albert J. , Nogueira, Raul G. , Fitzgerald, Seán , Mereuta, Oana Madalina , Dai, Daying , Savastano, Luis , Demchuk, Andrew M. , Entwistle, John, Haussen, Diogo C , Al‐Bayati, Alhamza R , Rodrigues, Gabriel Martins
Interventional Neuroradiology | April 7, 2021 | Volume: 27 | Issue: 6 | Pages: 815-820
10.1177/15910199211009119
| PMID 33823621
Background and aim Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for large vessel occlusion often requires multiple passes to retrieve the entire thrombus load. In this multi-institutional study we sought to examine the composition of thrombus fragments retrieved with each pass during MT. Methods Patients who required multiple passes during thrombectomy were included. Histopathological evaluation of thrombus fragments retrieved from each pass was performed using Martius Scarlet Blue staining and the composition of each thrombus component including RBC, fibrin and platelet was determined using image analysis software. Results 154 patients underwent MT and 868 passes was performed which resulted in 263 thrombus fragments retrieval. The analysis of thrombus components per pass showed higher RBC, lower fibrin and platelet composition in the pass 1 and 2 when compared to pass 3 and passes 4 or more combined (P values <0.05). There were no significant differences between thrombus fragments retrieved in pass 1 and pass 2 in terms of RBC, WBC, fibrin, and platelet composition (P values >0.05). Similarly, when each composition of thrombus fragments retrieved in pass 3 and passes 4 or more combined were compared with each other, no significant difference was noted (P values >0.05). Conclusion Our findings confirm that thrombus fragments retrieved with each pass differed significantly in histological content. Fragments in the first passes were associated with lower fibrin and platelet composition compared to fragments retrieved in passes three and four or higher. Also, thrombus fragments retrieved after failed pass were associated with higher fibrin and platelet components.
Action mechanism of the beveled tip aspiration catheter
Liu, Yang , Kallmes, David F. , Liu, Yang
Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery | March 24, 2021 | Volume: 13 | Issue: 9 | Pages: e18-e18
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition) 1
Klionsky, Daniel J., Abdel‐Aziz, Amal Kamal , Abdellatif, Mahmoud , Abdoli, Asghar , Abel, Steffen , Abeliovich, Hagai , Abildgaard, Marie H. , Abudu, Yakubu Princely , Acevedo‐Arozena, Abraham , Adamopoulos, Iannis E. , Adeli, Khosrow , Adolph, Timon E. , Adornetto, Annagrazia , Aflaki, Elma, Agam, Galila , Aggarwal, Bharat B. , Agnello, Maria, Agostinis, Patrizia , Agrewala, Javed N. , Agrotis, Alexander , Aguilar, Patricia V., Ahmad, S. Tariq, Ahumada-Castro, Ulises , Aits, Sonja , Aizawa, Shu, Akkoç, Yunus , Akoumianaki, Tonia, Akpinar, Hafize Aysin , Al‐Abd, Ahmed M. , Al-Akra, Lina, Gharaibeh, Abeer , Alaoui‐Jamali, Moulay A. , Alberti, Simon , Alessandri, Cristiano , Alonso, Alicia , Altan‐Bonnet, Nihal , Álvarez, Élida, Alves, Sara , Costa, Cristine Alvès da , Alzaharna, Mazen M. , Amadio, Marialaura , Amantini, Consuelo , Amaral, Cristina , Ambrosio, Susanna , Amer, Amal O. , Ammanathan, Veena , An, Zhenyi, Andrabi, Shaida A. , Andres, Allen M. , Ann, David K. , Anozie, Uche C. , Ansari, Mohammad Y. , Antas, Pedro , Antebi, Adam , Antón, Zuriñe , Anwar, Tahira , Apétoh, Lionel , Araki, Toshiyuki , Araki, Yasuhiro , Araya, Jun , Arévalo, María‐Ángeles , Argüelles, Sandro , Arias, Esperanza , Arikkath, Jyothi , Ariosa, Aileen, Aroca, Ángeles , Arroyo, Daniela S., Arsov, Ivica, Artero, Rubén , Asaro, Dalia Maria Lucia, Ashur‐Fabian, Osnat , Atanasov, Atanas G. , Au, Alicia K. , Auberger, Patrick , Auner, Holger W. , Aurelian, Laure , Avagliano, Laura , Ávalos, Yenniffer , Aveleira, Célia A. , Aydın, Yücel , Ayyadevara, Srinivas , Azzopardi, Maria , Baba, Misuzu, Backer, Jonathan , Bae, Soo Han , Baehrecke, Eric H. , Bagetta, Giacinto , Bagniewska‐Zadworna, Agnieszka , Bai, Hua , Bai, Xiyuan , Bairagi, Nandadulal , Baksi, Shounak , Balbi, Teresa , Ballester, María , Balazadeh, Salma , Balzan, Rena , Bandopadhyay, Rina , Banerjee, Sulagna , Bánréti, Ágnes , Baracca, Alessandra , Barbati, Cristiana , Bargiela, Ariadna , Barilà, Daniela , Barlow, Peter G. , Barmada, Sami J. , Barreiro, Esther , Bártek, Jiří , Bartel, Bonnie , Bartolomé, Alberto , Barve, Gaurav , Bassham, Diane C. , Baulieu, E.E. , Baumgarner, Bradley L. , Bayry, Jagadeesh , Beale, Rupert , Beau, Isabelle , Beaumatin, Florian , Bechara, Luiz Roberto Grassmann , Beck, George R. , Beers, Michael F. , Begun, Jakob , Behrends, Christian , Bejarano, Eloy , Bel, Shai , Belaïd, Amine , Belgareh‐Touzé, Naïma, Bellarosa, Cristina , Belleudi, Francesca , Belló-Pérez, Melissa , Beltran, Jackeline Soares de Oliveira , Beltran, Sebastián, Benbrook, Doris M. , Bendorius, Mykolas , Benítez, Bruno A. , Benito‐Cuesta, Irene , Bensalem, Julien , Berchtold, Martin W. , Berezowska, Sabina , Bergamaschi, Daniele , Berliocchi, Laura , Berlioz‐Torrent, Clarisse , Bernard, Amélie , Besirli, Cagri G. , Besteiro, Sébastien , Betin, Virginie M.S., Beyaert, Rudi , Bezbradica, Jelena S. , Bhaskar, Kiran , Bhatia‐Kiššová, Ingrid, Bhattacharya, Sujoy , Bhuiyan, Md. Shenuarin , Bi, Xiaolin , Biden, Trevor J. , Bijian, Krikor , Billes, Viktor , Binart, Nadine , Bincoletto, Cláudia , Blanco, Gonzalo , Blas‐García, Ana , Błasiak, Janusz , Blomgran, Robert , Blum, Janice S. , Boada-Romero, Emilio, Boban, Mirta , Boeuf, Philippe , Boland, Barry , Bomont, Pascale , Bonaldo, Paolo , Bonam, Srinivasa Reddy , Bonfili, Laura , Bootman, Martin D. , Bordi, Matteo , Borner, Christoph , Bornhäuser, Beat , Bose, Santanu , Botas, Juan , Boulanger, Chantal M. , Bourgeois, Benjamin , Bourke, Nollaig M. , Bousquet, Guilhem , Boya, Patricia , Bozhkov, Peter V. , Bozi, Luiz H. M. , Bozkurt, Tolga O. , Pedro, José Manuel Bravo‐San , Brest, Patrick , Bringer, Marie-Agnès , Briones‐Herrera, Alfredo , Broaddus, V. Courtney, Brodersen, Peter , Brodsky, Jeffrey L. , Bronson, Paola G. , Bronstein, Jeff M. , Brown, Rhoderick E. , Brum, Patrı́cia C. , Bruno, Daniele , Bryson‐Richardson, Robert J. , Bucci, Cecilia , Buchrieser, Carmen , Bueno, Marta , Buchan, J. Ross , Buckingham, Erin M., Budak, Hikmet , Budini, Mauricio , Bultynck, Geert , Burada, Florin , Burgoyne, Joseph R. , Burón, María I. , Bustos, Victor , Büttner, Sabrina , Byrd, Aaron , Cabas, Isabel , Cabrera, Sandra , Cadwell, Ken , Cai, Jingjing , Cai, Lu , Cai, Qian , Calbet, José A. L. , Caldwell, Guy A. , Call, Jarrod A. , Calvani, Riccardo , Calvo, Ana Cristina , Calvo‐Rubio, Miguel , Câmara, Niels Olsen Saraiva , Camonis, Jacques , Camougrand, Nadine , Campanella, Michelangelo , Campbell, Edward M. , Campos, Juliane C. , Camuzard, Olivier , Cancino, Jorge , Caniggia, Isabella , Canonico, Barbara , Cantı́, Carles , Cao, Bin , Caramés, B. , Cardenal‐Muñoz, Elena , Cárdenas, César , Cárdenas, Luis , Cardoso, Sandra M. , Carew, Jennifer S. , Carle, Georges F. , Carleton, Gillian , Carloni, Silvia , Carneiro, Letícia A. M. , Carosi, Julian M. , Carra, Serena , Carrier, Alice , Carter, A. Brent, Carvalho, Andreia Neves , Casanova, Magali , Casas, Josefina , Cassioli, Chiara , Castillo, Karen , Castillo‐Lluva, Sonia , Castoldi, Francesca , Castori, Marco , Castro, Ariel F. , Castro‐Hernández, Javier , Cavadas, Cláudia , Cavaliere, Federica, Cavallini, Gabriella , Cavinato, Maria , Rica, Paula Cebollada , Cechowska‐Pasko, Marzanna , Cerqueira, João , Cerutti, Janete M. , Çetintaş, Vildan Bozok , Cetrullo, Silvia , Chagin, Andrei S. , Chai, Chee‐Yin , Chakrabarti, Gopal , Chakraborty, Tapas , Chakraborty, Trinad , Chami, Mounia , Chamilos, Georgios , Chan, David W. , Chan, Edmond Y. W., Chan, Ho Yin Edwin , Chan, Helen H., Chan, Hung , Chan, Matthew T.V. , Chan, Yau Sang , Chang, Hao‐Chun , Chang, Kai , Chao, Jie , Charlet‐Berguerand, Nicolas , Chatterjee, Samrat , Chaube, Shail K. , Chaudhary, Anu , Chauhan, Santosh , Chaum, Edward , Checler, Frédéric , Cheetham, Michael E. , Chen, Chang‐Shi , Chen, Jian‐Fu , Chen, Liam L., Chen, Mingliang , Chen, Mu‐Kuan , Chen, Ning , Chen, Wei , Chen, Xinming , Chen, Xiongwen , Chen, Yan , Chen, Ye‐Guang , Chen, Yingyu , Chen, Yongqiang , Chen, Zhefan Stephen , Chen, Zhihua , Cheng, Xiu‐Tang , Cheng, Yiyun , Cheng, Zhiyong , Cheong, Jit Kong , Cherry, Sara , Cheung, Chi F., Cheung, Chun Hei Antonio , Cheung, King‐Ho , Chevet, Éric , Chi, Richard J., Chiaradonna, Ferdinando , Chiariello, M , Chica, Nathalia , Chiocca, Susanna , Chiong, Mario , Chiou, Shih‐Hwa , Chiramel, Abhilash I., Chiurchiù, Valerio , Cho, Dong-Hyung, Choe, Seong‐Kyu , Choi, Augustine M.K. , Choi, Mary E. , Choudhury, Kamalika Roy , Chow, Norman , Chua, Jason P. , Chua, John Jia En , Chung, Hyewon , Chung, Kin Pan , Chung, So‐Hyang , Chung, Yuen-Li, Ciechomska, Iwona A. , Cinque, Laura , Çırak, Sebahattin , Clarke, Robert , Clementi, Emilio , Coccia, Eliana M. , Codogno, Patrice , Colasanti, Tania , Colasuonno, Fiorella , Colbert, Robert A. , Colell, Anna , Coll, Núria S. , Collins, Mark O. , Colombo, Marı́a I. , Colón‐Ramos, Daniel A. , Cominetti, Márcia R. , Consiglio, Antonella , Conte, A. , Contu, Viorica Raluca , Cookson, Mark , Coombs, Kevin M. , Costa, Maria do Carmo , Costantino, Sarah , Costelli, Paola , Criollo, Alfredo , Crippa, V. , Cristofani, Riccardo , Csizmadia, Tamás , Cui, Bing , Cui, Yixian , Culetto, Emmanuel , Cumino, Andrea C. , Cybulsky, Andrey V. , Czaja, Mark J. , Czuczwar, Stanisław J. , D’Adamo, Stefania , D’Amelio, Marcello , D’Orazi, Gabriella , Silva, James Almada da , Dafsari, Hormos Salimi , Daglia, Maria , Dai, Xiaoxia , Dai, Yun , Dai, Yuyuan , Col, Jessica Dal , Dalhaimer, Paul , Valle, Luisa Dalla , Dallenga, Tobias , Dalmasso, Guillaume , Dando, Ilaria , Das, Hiranmoy , Dasari, Santosh K. , Dash, Srikanta, Dauphinee, Adrian N. , Davies, Jeffrey S. , Dávila, Valeria A. , Davis, Roger J. , Naidu, Sharadha Dayalan , Bosscher, Karolien De , Leonibus, Chiara De , Barbosa, Mayara Garcia de Mattos , Meyer, Guido R.Y. De , Palma, Clara De , Virgilio, Claudio De , Zio, Daniela De , Decuypere, Jean-Paul , Deehan, Mark , Deflorian, Gianluca , Dehay, Benjamin , Delaney, Joe R. , Delorme‐Axford, Elizabeth , Demers, Nicholas D. , Deng, Hongbin , Dengjel, Jörn , Dent, Paul, DePamphilis, Melvin L., Descoteaux, Albert , Devis, Laura , Devkota, Sushil , Devuyst, Olivier , Dewson, Grant , Dharmasivam, Mahendiran , Domenico, Fabio Di , Fazio, Pietro Di , Fonzo, Alessio Di , Guardo, Giovanni Di , Guglielmo, Gianni M. Di , Leo, Luca Di , Malta, Chiara Di , Nardo, Alessia Di, Rienzo, Martina Di , Diao, Jiajie , Diaz-Araya, Guillermo, Díaz‐Laviada, Inés , Dickinson, Jared M. , Diederich, Marc , Dieudé, Mélanie , Ding, Shiping , Ding, Wen-Xing, Dinić, Jelena , Dinić, Miroslav , Dinkova‐Kostova, Albena T. , Distler, Jörg H. W. , Đokić, Jelena , Emre, Serap , Dong, Xiaonan , Dong, Zhiwu , Dorn, Gerald W. , Dou, Juan, Dowaidar, Moataz , Drucker, Liat , Du, Ailian , Du, Guangwei , Du, Hai‐Ning , Toit, André du , Duan, Shao-Bin , Duan, Xiaoqiong , Duarte, Sónia , Dupont, Nicolas , Durán, Raúl V. , Dyshlovoy, Sergey A. , Ebrahimi‐Fakhari, Darius , Eckhart, Leopold , Edelstein, Charles L. , Efferth, Thomas , Eid, Nabil , Eisenberg, Tobias , Eissa, N. Tony, Ejarque, Miriam , Andaloussi, Abdeljabar El, El‐Hage, Nazira , Eleuteri, Anna Maria , El‐Shafey, Eman S. , Elgendy, Mohamed , Elizalde, María Mercedes , Elsässer, Hans‐Peter , Elsherbiny, Eslam S. , Emre, N. C. Tolga , Eng, Christina H. , Engedal, Nikolai , Engelsen, Agnete S. T. , Enserink, Jorrit M. , Escalante, Ricardo , Esclatine, Audrey , Eskelinen, Eeva‐Liisa , Espert, Lucile , Eusebio, Makandjou-Ola , Facchiano, Antonio , Facchiano, Francesco , Fadeel, Bengt , Fader, Claudio M., Faesen, Alex C. , Fairlie, W. Douglas , Falcó, Alberto , Fan, Daping , Fan, Jie , Fang, Evandro Fei , Fang, Yanshan , Fang, Yognqi, Farfel‐Becker, Tamar, Faure, Mathias , Fazeli, Gholamreza , Fedele, Anthony O., Feldman, Arthur M. , Feng, Jiachun , Feng, Lifeng , Feng, Wei , Araujo, Thaís Fenz , Ferguson, Thomas A., Fernández, Álvaro F. , Fernández‐Veledo, Sonia , Fernie, Alisdair R. , Ferrante, Anthony W. , Ferraresi, Alessandra , Ferrari, M , Ferreira, Julio Cesar Batista , Ferro‐Novick, Susan , Figueras, António , Filadi, Riccardo , Filigheddu, Nicoletta , Fimia, Gian María , Finetti, Francesca , Finkbeiner, Steven , Fisher, Edward A. , Fisher, Paul B. , Fliesler, Steven J. , Flo, Trude Helen , Florance, Ida , Florey, Oliver , Florio, Tullio , Fodor, Erika , Forlino, Antonella , Fortini, Paola , Fracassi, Anna , Franconi, Flavia , Frankel, Lisa B. , Fröhlich, Leopold F. , Fuentes, José M. , Fujiki, Yukio , Fulda, Simone , Furuya, Norihiko , Gack, Michaela U. , Gaffke, Lidia , Galadari, Sehamuddin , Galasso, Alessia , Galindo, Marı́a F. , Kankanamalage, Sachith Gallolu , Galluzzi, Lorenzo, Galy, Vincent , Gammoh, Noor , Ganley, Ian G. , Gao, Feng , Gao, Minghui , Gao, Ping , Gao, Wentao , Gao, Xiaobo , Garcerá, Ana , Garcia, María Noé , García, Verónica , Portillo, Francisco Garcı́a-del , García‐Escudero, Vega , García‐García, Aracely , García‐Macía, Marina , García‐Moreno, Diana , García‐Ruiz, Carmen , García‐Sanz, Patricia , Garg, Abhishek D. , Garofalo, Tina , Gassen, Nils C. , Gatica, Damián , Geiss‐Friedlander, Ruth , Genschik, Pascal , Gerbino, Valeria , Gerhardt, Christoph , Germain, Kyla , Germain, Marc , Afshar, Elham Ghasemipour, Ghavami, Saeid , Ghosh, Manosij , Giamas, Georgios , Giatromanolaki, Alexandra , Gibson, Gary E. , Ginet, Vanessa, Girardin, Stephen E. , Giridharan, Mridhula, Giuliano, Sandy , Giulivi, Cecilia , Giuriato, Sylvie , Giustiniani, Julien , Gluschko, Alexander , Goder, Veit , Goginashvili, Alexander , Gołąb, Jakub , Golebiewska, Anna , Gomes, Luciana Rodrigues, Gomez, Rodrigo Enrique, Gómez‐Sánchez, Rubén , Gómez‐Sintes, Raquel , Gong, Qingqiu , González‐Gallego, Javier , González‐Polo, Rosa A. , González‐Reyes, José A. , González-Rodríguez, Patricia , Goping, Ing Swie , Gorbunov, Nikolai V., Görgülü, Kıvanç , Gorojod, Roxana Mayra , Gorski, Sharon M. , Gotor, Cecilia , Gözüaçık, Devrim , Graef, Martin , Gräler, Markus H. , Granatiero, Veronica, Grasso, Daniel , Gray, Joshua P. , Greenhough, Alexander , Gregory, Stephen L. , Griffin, Edward F., Gros, Frédéric , Grose, Charles , Gross, Angelina S. , Грубер, Флориан , Grumati, Paolo , Gu, Xueyan , Guan, Jun‐Lin , Guardia, Carlos M. , Guda, Kishore , Guerra, Flora , Guerri, Consuelo , Guha, Prasun , Guillén, Carlos , Gujar, Shashi , Gukovskaya, Anna S. , Gukovsky, Ilya , Gunst, Jan , Günther, Andreas , Guo, Chuanyong , Guo, Chun , Guo, Hongqing , Guo, Ming , Gupta, Pawan , Gupta, Swapnil , Gupta, Veer Bala , Gupta, Vivek , Gutterman, David D. , H.B., Ranjitha, Haber, James E. , Hać, Aleksandra , Haidar, Mansour , Halldén, Gunnel , Hamacher‐Brady, Anne , Hamasaki, Maho , Hansen, Malene , Hao, Zijian, Harada, Masaru , Harhaji‐Trajkovic, Ljubica , Hariharan, Nirmala , Haspel, Jeffrey A. , Haucke, Volker , Hawkins, Wayne D. , Haynes, Cole M. , Hays, Thomas S. , He, Congcong , He, Qin , He, Rong‐Rong , He, You‐Wen , Heakal, Yasser, Heberle, Alexander Martin , Hejtmancik, J. Fielding , Henkel, Vanessa, Herb, Marc , Herman-Antosiewicz, Anna , Hernández, Agustín , Hernández, Carlos , Hernández-Díaz, Sergio , Hernández–Gea, Virginia , Herpin, Amaury , Herreros, Judit , Hervás, Javier H. , Hesselson, Daniel , Hetz, Claudio , Higuchi, Yujiro , Hilfiker, Sabine , Hill, Joseph A., Ho, Emmanuel A. , Ho, Idy H. T. , Ho, Philip Wing‐Lok , Ho, Shu‐Leong , Ho, Wan Yun, Hoet, Peter , Hofius, Daniel , Höhn, Annika , Hong, Yi-Ren Hong Chang-Won, Hooper, Lora V. , Hsin, I‐Lun , Hu, Bing , Hu, Dong , Hu, Wei , Hu, Zhuowei , Hua, Jinlian, Huan, Chongmin , Huang, Chuanshu , Huang, Chunling , Huang, Haishan , Huang, Michael , Huang, Shan , Huang, Tianzhi , Huang, Xing , Huang, Yuxiang , Hubert, Virginie , Hübner, Christian A. , Hughes, Stephanie M. , Hughes, William E. , Hummer, Gerhard , Hurley, James H. , Hussain, Sabah N. A. , Hussain, Salik , Hutabarat, Martina , Hwang, Hui-Yun, Ieni, Antonio , Ikeda, Fumiyo , Imagawa, Yusuke , Imbriano, Carol , Imoto, Masaya , Inman, Denise M. , Inoki, Ken , Iozzo, Renato V. , Iribarren, Pablo , Ishaq, Mohd , Ishimwe, Nestor , Ismail, Nahed , Issazadeh‐Navikas, Shohreh , Itakura, Eisuke , Ito, Daisuke , Ivankovic, Davor , Ivanova, Saška , Iyer, Anand Krishnan V. , Izquierdo, José M. , Jacobo‐Herrera, Nadia , Jacquin, Élise , Jadiya, Pooja , Jaeschke, Hartmut , Jagannath, Chinnaswamy, Jakobsson, Johan , Janji, Bassam , Jansen‐Dürr, Pidder , Jansson, Patric J. , Januszewski, Sławomir, Jeltsch‐David, Hélène , Jenny, Andreas , Jensen, Thomas E. , Jessen, Niels , Jia, Lijun , Jia, Rui , Jiang, Qing , Jiang, Richeng , Jiang, Teng , Jiang, Xuejun , Jiang, Yu , Jiménez-Sánchez, María , Jin, Fengyan , Jin, Li , Jin, Luqi, Jin, Si , Joffre, Carine , Johnston, Simon A. , Jokitalo, Eija , Juárez, Esmeralda , Juhász, Gábor , Jun, Youngsoo , Jung, Chang Hwa , Jung, Sung‐Chul , Jungbluth, Heinz , Jungverdorben, Johannes , Just, Steffen , Kaasik, Allen , Kaganovich, Daniel , Kain, Renate , Kajimura, Shingo , Kalamvoki, Maria , Kalia, Manjula , Kalinowski, Danuta S. , Kaludercic, Nina , Kalvari, Ioanna , Kamińska, Joanna , Kanamori, Hiromitsu , Kang, Chanhee , Kang, Rui , Kang, Sang Sun , Kaniyappan, Senthilvelrajan , Kanki, Tomotake , Kanneganti, Thirumala‐Devi , Kanthasamy, Arthi , Kantorow, Marc , Kapuy, Orsolya , Karim, Md. Razaul , Kato, Masaru , Kauppinen, Anu , Kaushal, Gur P. , Kawasaki, Kiyoshi, Kazan, Kemal , Keber, Ursula , Keller, Kate E. , Kenific, Candia M. , Kepp, Oliver , Kern, Andreas , Keulers, Tom G. , Khalfin, Boris , Khalil, Hany , Khan, Shahid Y. , Khandelwal, Vinoth Kumar Megraj, Khandia, Rekha , Kho, Widuri , Khobrekar, Noopur V. , Khuansuwan, Sataree , Khundadze, Mukhran , Killackey, Samuel A. , Kim, Dasol , Kim, Deok Ryong, Kim, Do‐Hyung , Kim, Dong‐Eun , Kim, Eun‐Kyoung , Kim, Hak-Rim, Kim, Hee-Sik , Kim, Hyung-Ryong, Kim, Jeong Hun , Kim, Joungmok , Kim, Seong‐Jun , Kimball, Scot R., Kimchi, Adi , Kimmelman, Alec , Kimura, Tomonori , King, Matthew, Kinsey, Conan G. , Kirshenbaum, Lorrie A. , Kishi, Shuji , Kitamoto, Katsuhiko , Kitaoka, Yasushi , Kitazato, Kaio, Kitsis, Richard N. , Kjærulff, Ole , Klein, Peter S. , Klopstock, Thomas , Klucken, Jochen , Knævelsrud, Helene , Ko, Fred , Kobayashi, Satoru, Koch, Ina , Koch, Jan Christoph , Kögel, Donat , Koh, Young Ho , Kocatürk, Nur Mehpare , Komatsu, Masaaki, König, Jeannette , Kono, Toru, Korkmaz, Gözde , Korsnes, Mónica Suárez , Koskela, Ali , Kota, Janaiah , Kotake, Yaichiro , Kotler, Monica L., Kou, Yanjun , Koukourakis, Michael I., Koustas, Evangelos , Kovács, Tibor , Kovács, Tibor, Kraft, Claudine , Krainc, Dimitri, Krämer, Helmut, Krasnodembskaya, Anna , Kretz‐Remy, Carole , Kroemer, Guido, Kuenen, Sabine , Kuerschner, Lars , Kukar, Thomas , Kumar, Ajay , Kumar, Deepak, Kumar, Dhiraj, Kumar, Sharad , Kume, Shinji , Kumsta, Caroline , Kundu, Chanakya Nath , Kundu, Mondira, Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B. , Kutlu, Özlem , Kwak, SeongAe , Kwon, Yong Tae , Spada, Albert La, Labonté, Patrick , Ladoire, Sylvain , Laface, Ilaria, Lafont, Frank , Lagace, Diane C. , Lahiri, Vikramjit , Lai, Zhibing, Laird, Angela S. , Lakkaraju, Aparna , Lan, Sheng‐Hui , Landajuela, Ane , Lane, Darius J.R. , Lange, Carsten , Langer, Rupert , Lapaquette, Pierre, Laporte, Jocelyn , Lastres-Becker, Isabel, Lau, Wilson Chun Yu , Laurie, Gordon W. , Le, Weidong, Stunff, Hervé Le , Leary, Alexandre Y , Lebrun, Jean-Jacques, Leck, Lionel , Lee, Changwook , Lee, Chung‐Pei , Lee, Da-Hye , Lee, Edward B., Lee, Erinna F. , Lee, Gyun Min, Lee, He-Jin, Lee, Heung Kyu , Lee, Jason S. , Lee, Jin-A, Lee, Joo‐Yong , Lee, Michael , Lee, Min Goo , Lee, Min Jae, Lee, Myung‐Shik , Lee, Sangyoon , Lee, Stella Y. , Lee, Sung, Lee, Won Hee , Lee, Yong‐ho , Lee, Youngil , Lei, Yu L., Lei, Yuchen , Leikin, Sergey , Lemus, Leticia , Leng, Shuilong, Lenoir, Olivia , Lenz, Guido , Lenz, Heinz Josef, Lenzi, Paola, León, Yolanda , Leschczyk, Christoph, Leskelä, Stina, Letellier, Elisabeth , Leung, Chi-Ting, Leung, Po Sing , Leventhal, Jeremy S. , Levine, Beth, Lewis, Patrick A. , Ley, Klaus , Li, Bin , Li, Da‐Qiang , Li, Jian‐Ming , Li, Jiong , Li, Liwu , Li, Mei , Li, Ming , Li, Mingchuan , Li, Pin‐Lan, Li, Ming‐Qing , Li, Qing , Li, Sheng , Li, Wei , Li, Wenming , Li, Xue , Li, Yi-Ping, Li, Yuan , Li, Zhiqiang, Li, Zhiyong , Li, Zhiyuan , Lian, Jiqin, Liang, Chengyu, Liang, Qiangrong, Liang, Weicheng , Liang, Yongheng, Liang, YongTian , Liao, Guanghong , Liao, Lujian , Liao, Yung-Feng, Librizzi, Mariangela, Lie, Pearl P.Y. , Lim, Hyunjung J., Lima, Thania Rios Rossi , Limana, Federica , Lin, Chao , Lin, Chih-Wen, Lin, Dar‐Shong , Lin, Fu‐Cheng , Lin, Jiandie D. , Lin, Kurt M., Lin, Kwang‐Huei , Lin, Qiong, Lin, Shaofeng , Lin, Su-Ju, Lin, Wenyu , Lin, Yao‐Xin , Lin, Yee‐Shin, Linden, Rafael, Lindner, Paula , Lipinski, Marta M. , Lipovšek, Saška, Lisiak, Natalia , Liton, Paloma B. , Liu, Chao , Liu, Ching‐Hsuan , Liu, Fang , Liu, Hua-feng , Liu, Huifang , Liu, Jia , Liu, Jing , Liu, Leyuan, Liu, Wei , Liu, Wende , Liu, Xiao-Hong, Liu, Xu , Liu, Yanfen , Liu, Yang, Liu, Yang, Liu, Yueyang , Liu, Yule , Livingston, J. Andrew, Lizcano, José M. , Ljubojević-Holzer, Senka , Lleonart, Matilde E. , Llobet‐Navàs, David , Llorente, Alicia, Lo, Chih Hung , Lobato‐Márquez, Damián , Long, Yun , Loos, Ben , Loos, Julia A. , López-Doménech, Guillermo, López‐Guerrero, José Antonio , López-Jiménez, Ana T. , López-Pérez, Óscar , López-Valero, Israel, Lorenowicz, Magdalena J. , Lorente, Mar , Lossi, Laura , Lotersztajn, Sophie , Lovell, Jonathan F., Lovy, Alenka , Lőw, Péter, Lu, Guang , Lu, Haocheng , Lu, Jiahong , Lu, Mengji, Lu, Shuyan, Luciani, Alessandro , Lucocq, John M., Ludovico, Paula , Luftig, Micah A. , Luhr, Morten, Luis-Ravelo, Diego , Lum, Julian J., Luna-Dulcey, Liany, Lund, Anders H. , Lund, Viktor K. , Lüningschrör, Patrick , Luo, Honglin, Luo, Rongcan , Luo, Zhi , Luparello, Claudio , Lüscher, Bernhard , Luu, Luan , Lyakhovich, Alex , Lyamzaev, Konstantin G. , Lystad, Alf Håkon , Lytvynchuk, Lyubomyr , Alvin, C. H. , Ma, Ning-Fang, Ma, Quanhong , Ma, Xinliang , Ma, Yueyun , Ma, Zhenyi , MacDougald, Ormond A. , MacIntosh, Gustavo C. , Macleod, Kay F. , Maday, Sandra , Madeo, Frank , Madesh, Muniswamy , Madl, Tobias , Madrigal‐Matute, Julio , Maeda, Akiko, Maejima, Yasuhiro , Magariños, Marta , Mahavadi, Poornima , Maiani, Emiliano , Maiese, Kenneth , Maiti, Panchanan , Maiuri, Maria Chiara , Major, Michael Ben, Makareeva, Elena , Malik, Fayaz , Mallilankaraman, Karthik , Maloyan, Alina , Mammadova, Najiba, Man, Gene Chi Wai , Manai, Federico , Mancias, Joseph D. , Mandelkow, Eva‐Maria , Manfredi, Angelo A. , Manshian, Bella B. , Manzano, Raquel , Marchese, Chiara , Marchetti, Sandrine , Marcucci, F, Mardente, Stefania , Mareninova, Olga A. , Mari, Muriel , Marinelli, Sara , Mariño, Guillermo , Mariotto, Sofia , Martin, Alexandre , Martin, Katie R. , Martin, Sara L. , Martín‐Segura, Adrián , Martin-Burriel, Inmaculada, Martín-Rincón, Marcos , Martín‐Sanz, Paloma , Martinez, Aitor , Martı́nez, Ana , Martinez-Lopez, Nuria, Martínez‐Vicente, Marta , Martins, Daniel Oliveira , Martins, Joilson O. , Martins, Waleska K. , Martins-Marques, Tania, Marzetti, Emanuele , Masaldan, Shashank , Masclaux-Daubresse, Celine, Mashek, Douglas G. , Massa, Valentina , Massieu, Lourdes , Masyuk, Anatoliy I. , Masyuk, Tetyana V., Matheu, Ander , Matoba, Satoaki , Matsuzaki, Sachiko , Mattar, Pamela , Mattè, Alessandro , Mauriz, José L., Mauthe, Mario , Maycotte, Paola , Mayer, Johanna , Mazzoni, Cristina , Mazzulli, Joseph R. , McCarty, Nami , McGill, Mitchell R. , McKenna, Sharon L. , McLoughlin, Fionn , McNiven, Mark A., McWilliams, Thomas G. , Medeiros, Tania , Medina, Diego L., Megeney, Lynn A. , Megyeri, Klára , Mehrpour, Maryam , Mehta, Jawahar L. , Meijer, Alfred J., Mejlvang, Jakob , Meléndez, Alicia , Melk, Annette, Memişoğlu, Gönen , Mendes, A.F. , Meng, Delong , Meng, Fei, Mercier, A., Mergny, Jean‐Louis , Merkley, Seth D. , Meske, Volker, Mestre, Ana Cecilia, Metur, Shree Padma, Meyer, C., Meyer, Hemmo , Mi, Wenyi , Mialet‐Perez, Jeanne , Miao, Jun‐Ying, Micale, Lucia , Miki, Yasuo, Milan, Enrico , Milczarek, Małgorzata , Miller, Samuel I. , Millward, Steven W. , Mirzaei, Hamed, Mirzaei, Hamid Reza , Mirzaei, Mehdi , Mishra, Amit , Mishra, Nandita , Mishra, Paras Kumar, Misirkić, Maja , Misasi, Roberta, Misra, Amit , Misso, Gabriella , Mitchell, Claire H. , Mitou, Géraldine, Miura, Tetsuji , Miyazaki, Makoto, Miyazaki, Mitsunori , Miyazaki, Taiga , Miyazawa, Keisuke, Mizushima, Noboru , Mogensen, Trine H. , Mohammadinejad, Reza , Mohamud, Yasir , Mohanty, Abhishek , Möhlmann, Torsten , Moley, Kelle H. , Möller, Andreas, Mollereau, Bertrand , Mollinedo, Faustino, Montagna, Costanza , Monteiro, Mervyn J. , Montella, Andrea , Montes, L. Ruth , Montico, Barbara , Mony, Vinod K., Compagnoni, Giacomo Monzio , Moore, Michael N. , Moosavi, Mohammad Amin , Morales‐Álamo, David , Moratalla, Rosario , Moreira, Paula I. , Morelli, Elena , Moreno-Blas, Daniel , Morgan, Alwena H. , Morin, Fabrice , Morishita, Hideaki , Moriyama, Mariko , Moriyasu, Yuji, Morleo, Manuela , Morselli, Eugenia , Moruno-Manchon, Jose F. , Moscat, Jorge , Motori, Elisa , Moura, Andréa Felinto , Mrakovcic, Maria, Muciño-Hernández, Gabriel, Mukherjee, Anupam , Mukhopadhyay, Subhadip , Levy, Jean M. Mulcahy , Mulero, Victoriano, Muller, Sylviane, Münch, Christian , Muñoz-Cánoves, Pura, Muñoz‐Galdeano, Teresa , Murakawa, Tomokazu , Murphy, Brona M. , Murthy, Aditya, Myöhänen, Timo T. , Mysorekar, Indira U. , Mytych, Jennifer , Nabavi, Seyed Mohammad , Nagy, Péter , Nahimana, Aimable , Nakagawa, Ichiro, Nakamura, Ken , Nandi, Shyam Sundar , Nanjundan, Meera, Nanni, Monica , Napolitano, Gennaro , Narita, Masashi, Nassif, Melissa , Nathan, Ilana , Natsumeda, Manabu , Naudé, Ryno J., Naumann, Christin , Naveiras, Olaia , Navid, Fatemeh , Nawrocki, Steffan T., Nazarko, Taras Y. , Nazio, Francesca , Negoita, Florentina , Neill, Thomas , Neisch, Amanda L. , Netea, Mihai G. , Neubert, Patrick , Neumann, Dietbert , Neutzner, Albert , Newton, Phillip T. , Ney, Paul A., Ng, Charlene Cheuk Wing, Ng, T.B., Nguyen, Hang Thi Thu , Nguyen, Long T. , Ni, Hong-Min, Cheallaigh, Clíona Ní , Ni, Zhenhong , Nicolao, M. Celeste, Nicoli, Francesco , Nieto‐Díaz, Manuel , Niranjan, Rituraj , Nishimune, Hiroshi , Niso-Santano, Mireia, Nixon, Ralph A. , Nobili, Annalisa , Noda, Takeshi , Nogueira-Recalde, Uxía , Nombela, Iván , Novak, Ivana, Novoa, Beatriz , Nukina, Nobuyuki , Nussbaum-Krammer, Carmen, Nylandsted, Jesper , O’Donovan, Tracey R. , O’Leary, Seónadh M. , O’Rourke, Eyleen J. , O’Sullivan, Mary P. , O’Sullivan, Timothy E., Oddo, Salvatore , Oehme, Ina, Ogawa, Michinaga , Ogier‐Denis, Éric , Ögmundsdóttir, Margrét H. , Öğretmen, Besim , Oh, Goo Taeg , Oh, Seon‐Hee , Oh, Young J. , Ohama, Takashi, Ohashi, Yohei , Ohmuraya, Masaki, Oikonomou, Vasileios , Ojha, Rani , Okazawa, Hitoshi , Oku, M., Oliván, Sara , Oliveira, Jorge M.A. , Ollmann, Michael, Olzmann, James A. , Omari, Shakib , Önal, Gizem, Ondrej, Martin , Ong, Sang‐Bing , Onnis, Anna , Orellana, Juan , Orellana‐Muñoz, Sara , Ortega-Villaizán, María del Mar , Ortiz‐González, Xilma R. , Osiewacz, Heinz D. , Osman, Abdel‐Hamid K. , Otsu, Kinya, Ott, Christiane , Ou, Jing-hsiung James, Outeiro, Tiago F., Öztürk, Melek , Pagès, Gilles, Pahari, Susanta , Pajares, Marta, Pal, Rituraj, Paladino, Simona , Palmieri, Michela , Palmisano, Giuseppe , Pan, Qingjun , Pan, Xin , Panasyuk, Ganna , Pandey, Rahul , Pandey, Udai B., Pandya, Vrajesh , Paneni, Francesco , Pang, Shirley Yin-Yu, Papademetrio, Daniela L. , Papinski, Daniel, Papp, Diana , Park, Hwan Tae , Park, Ji-Man, Park, Jong‐In , Park, Junsoo, Park, Sang-Youel, Pasquier, Adrien , Pasquier, Benoit , Passos, João F. , Pastore, Nunzia , Patschan, Daniel , Pattingre, Sophie , Pedraza‐Alva, Gustavo , Pedraza-Chaverri, Jose, Pedrozo, Zully , Pei, Gang , Pei, Jianming , Peled-Zehavi, Hadas, Pellegrini, Joaquín Miguel , Pelletier, Joffrey , Peñalva, Miguel A., Peng, Di , Peng, Ying , Pennuto, Maria , Pentimalli, Francesca , Pereira, Cláudia MF, Pereira, Gustavo J.S. , Pereira, Lílian Cristina , Almeida, Luís Pereira de , Perera, Nirma D. , Pérez-Lara, Ángel, Pérez‐Oliva, Ana B. , Perl, András , Pestell, Richard G. , Petrache, I., Petrovski, Goran , Pfirrmann, Thorsten , Pfister, Astrid S., Pi, Huifeng , Pickrell, Alicia M. , Picot, Sandy, Pierantoni, Giovanna Maria , Pierre, Philippe , Pierrefite‐Carle, Valérie , Pierzynowska, Karolina , Pietruczuk, Mirosława , Pimentel-Muiños, Felipe X., Pinar, Mario , Pinheiro, Roberta Olmo , Pinkas‐Kramarski, Ronit , Pircs, Karolina , Piya, Sujan , Pizzo, Paola , Platta, Harald W. , Plomann, Markus , Pocock, Roger , Pöggeler, Stefanie , Pohl, Christian, Poirot, Marc , Poletti, Angelo , Ponpuak, Marisa , Popelka, Hana , Popova, Bilyana , Porta, Helena, Alcón, Soledad Porte , Portilla-Fernández, Eliana , Potts, Malia B. , Powers, Ted, Prahlad, Veena , Prajsnar, Tomasz K. , Praticò, Domenico , Prencipe, Rosaria, Priault, Muriel , Proikas‐Cezanne, Tassula , Puertollano, Rosa , Puglielli, Luigi, Pulinilkunnil, Thomas , Puri, Deepika , Puri, Rajat, Puyal, Julien , Qi, Yongmei , Quadrilatero, Joe , Quarleri, Jorge, Raben, Nina, Rabinowich, Hannah, Ragona, Debora, Rahmati, Marveh , Raia, Valeria, Raimundo, Nuno , Rajasekaran, Namakkal-Soorappan, Rao, Sriganesh Ramachandra , Rami, Abdelhaq, Ramírez‐Pardo, Ignacio , Ramsden, D. , Randow, Felix , Ranieri, Danilo , Rao, Hai , Rao, Rekha , Rathore, Sumit , Ratnayaka, J. Arjuna , Ratovitski, Edward A., Ravanan, Palaniyandi, Ravegnini, Gloria , Ray, Swapan K. , Rebecca, Vito, Reggiori, Fulvio , Reigada, David , Reiling, Jan H., Rein, Theo , Reipert, Siegfried , Rekha, Rokeya Sultana , Ren, Hongmei, Ren, Jun , Ren, Weichao , Renault, Tristan, Renga, Giorgia , Reue, Karen, Rewitz, Kim , Ramos, Bruna Ribeiro de Andrade , Riazuddin, S. Amer, Ribeiro‐Rodrigues, Teresa , Riccio, Victoria , Richardson, Des R. , Risbud, Makarand V. , Risueño, Ruth M. , Ritis, Konstantinos, Rizza, Salvatore , Rizzuto, Rosario , Roberts, Scott J. , Roberts, Luke D., Robinson, Katherine J. , Rocchi, Stéphane , Rodrigues, Tiago , Silva, Vagner Ramon Rodrigues , Rodriguez-Barrueco, Ruth, Rodríguez‐Henche, Nieves , Rogers, Robert S. , Rogov, Vladimir V., Rojo, Ana I. , Romanello, Vanina, Romani, Luigina , Romano, Alessandra , Romano, Patricia Silvia , Romeo-Guitart, David, Romero, Luís C. , Romero, Montserrat , Roney, Joseph C. , Rongo, Christopher , Rosenfeldt, Mathias T. , Rosenstiel, Philip , Rosenwald, Anne , Roth, Steven, Rouschop, Kasper M.A. , Roussel, Benoit D. , Roux, Sophie , Rovere–Querini, Patrizia, Roy, Ajit , Rozières, Aurore , Ruano, Diego , Rubtsova, Maria P. , Ruckdeschel, Klaus, Ruckenstuhl, Christoph , Rudolf, Emil, Rudolf, Rüdiger, Ruggieri, Alessandra , Ruparelia, Avnika A. , Rusmini, P. , Russell, Ryan R., Russo, Gian Luigi , Russo, Maria , Russo, Rossella , Ryabaya, O. O. , Sabater-Arcis, María , Sacher, M, Sachse, Carsten , Sadhu, Abhishek , Säftig, Paul , Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Şahin, Mustafa , Şahin, Özgür , Saito, Nayuta , Saito, Tsunenori , Sakai, Yasuyoshi , Sakamaki, Jun-Ichi , Saksela, Kalle , Salazar, Gloria , Salazar-Degracia, Anna, Salekdeh, Ghasem Hosseini , Saluja, Ashok K. , Sampaio‐Marques, Belém , Sánchez, Marı́a C. , Sánchez-Alcázar, José A., Sanchez‐Vera, Victoria , Sancho‐Shimizu, Vanessa , Santambrogio, Laura , Santana, Magda M., Santoni, G, Sanz, Alberto , Saran, Shweta , Sardiello, Marco, Sargeant, Timothy J. , Sarin, Apurva , Sarkar, Chinmoy, Sarkar, Sovan , Sarrias, Maria-Rosa, Sarkar, Surajit , Sarmah, Dipanka Tanu, Sarparanta, J. , Sathyanarayan, Aishwarya , Ranganayaki, S. , Scaglione, K. Matthew , Scatozza, Francesca , Schafer, Zachary T. , Schaible, Ulrich E., Schapira, Anthony H.V. , Scharl, Michael , Schein, Catherine H. , Schiaffino, Maria Vittoria , Schiappacassi, Mónica , Schindl, Rainer , Schlattner, Uwe , Schmidt, Oliver, Schmitt, Roland , Schmidt, Stephen D., Schmitz, Ingo , Schmukler, Eran, Schneider, Anja , Schneider, Bianca E. , Schober, Romana , Schoijet, Alejandra C. , Schramm, M., Schröder, Bernd , Schuh, Kai , Schüller, Christoph , Schulze, Ryan J. , Schürmanns, Lea , Schwamborn, Jens C. , Schwarten, Melanie , Scott, Melanie J. , Scotto, Kathleen W., Scrima, Andrea , Scrivo, Aurora , Sebastián, David , Sebti, Salwa , Sedej, Simon , Segev, Nava , Seglen, Per O., Selleck, Scott B. , Selsby, Joshua, Sendtner, Michael , Şentürk, Şerif , Seranova, Elena, Sergi, Consolato M., Serra-Moreno, Ruth , Sesaki, Hiromi , Settembre, Carmine, Setty, Subba Rao Gangi , Sgarbi, Gianluca , Sha, Ou , Shacka, John J., Shah, Javeed A. , Shang, Dantong, Shao, Feng, Sharbati, Soroush , Sharkey, Lisa M. , Sharma, Dipali , Sharma, Gaurav, Sharma, Kulbhushan , Sharma, Pawan , Sharma, Surendra, Shen, Han‐Ming , Shen, Hongtao , Shen, Jiangang , Shen, Ming , Shen, Weili , Shen, Zheni, Sheng, Rui , Sheng, Zu-Hang, Shi, Jianjian , Shi, Ying–Hong , Shiba‐Fukushima, Kahori, Shieh, Jeng‐Jer , Shimada, Yohta , Shimizu, Shigeomi, Shimozawa, Makoto , Shintani, Takahiro , Shoemaker, Christopher J. , Shojaei, Shahla, Shoji, Ikuo , Shravage, Bhupendra V. , Shridhar, Viji, Shu, Chih‐Wen , Shu, Hong-Bing, Shui, Ke, Shukla, Arvind Kumar , Shutt, Timothy E. , Sica, Valentina , Siddiqui, Aleem , Sierra-Torre, Virginia, Signorelli, Santiago , Silva, Bruno Jorge de Andrade , Silva, Johnatas D. , Silva-Pavez, Eduardo , Silvente‐Poirot, Sandrine , Simmonds, Rachel E. , Singh, Anurag K. , Singh, Rajat Kumar , Singh, Shivendra V. , Singh, Shrawan Kumar , Singh, Sudha , Singh, Sunaina , Singh, Surinder Pal , Sinha, Debasish, Sinha, Rohit A. , Sinha, Sangita, Sirko, Agnieszka , Sivridis, Efthimios L., Skendros, Panagiotis , Sohn, Eun Jung , Sok, Sophia P. M. , Soldati, Thierry , Soler, Rosa M. , Somarelli, Jason A. , Sonawane, Avinash , Song, Fuyong, Song, Hyun Kyu , Song, Kunhua , Sorice, Maurizio , Soukas, Alexander A. , Soukup, Sandra‐Fausia , Sousa, Diana , Sousa, Nadia, Bharath, M. M. Srinivas , Clair, Daret St., Stagni, Venturina, Staiano, Leopoldo , Stankov, Metodi V. , Stathopulos, Peter B. , Stefan, Katja, Stefan, Sven Marcel , Stefanis, Leonidas, Steffan, Joan S. , Steinkasserer, Alexander , Stenmark, Harald, Sterneckert, Jared , Stevens, Craig , Storch, Stephan , Strappazzon, Flavie , Strohecker, Anne M. , Stupack, Dwayne G., Su, Huanxing , Su, Ling‐Yan , Suarez-Fontes, Ana Márcia , Subirada, Paula V., Sudhandiran, Ganapasam, Sue, Carolyn M. , Sui, Xinbing , Summers, Corey M., Sun, Guangchao , Sun, Zhongjie , Sunahara, Karen K. S. , Susztak, Katalin, Šutovský, Peter , Suzuki, Hidekazu , Sweeney, Gary , Symons, J. David , Sze, Stephen Cho Wing , Szewczyk, Nathaniel J. , Tabęcka-Łonczynska, Anna, Tabolacci, Claudio , Taegtmeyer, Heinrich, Tagaya, Mitsuo , Tai, Haoran , Tait, Stephen W. G., Takahashi, Yoshinori , Tam, Chit , Tam, Shing Yau , Tampellini, Davide , Tamura, Atsushi , Tan, Eng-King, Tan, Ya‐Qin , Tanaka, Masaki , Tang, Daolin , Tang, Jingfeng , Tang, Tie-Shan , Tao, Zhipeng , Taouis, Mohammed , Tavernarakis, Nektarios, Taylor, Allen, Teixeira, Natércia , Tekirdağ, Kumsal Ayşe, Tencomnao, Tewin , Tenreiro, Sandra , Tharaux, Pierre‐Louis , Thedieck, Kathrin , Thekkinghat, Arvind A. , Thinwa, Josephine , Thirumalaikumar, Venkatesh P. , Thomes, Paul G. , Thorburn, Andrew , Thum, Thomas, Thumm, Michael , Tian, Ling, Tichý, Aleš , Timmerman, Vincent , Titorenko, Vladimir I. , Toivonen, Janne M. , Tomaipitinca, Luana , Tomar, Dhanendra , Tomás‐Zapico, Cristina , Tomić, Sergej , Tong, Chao, Tong, Xin , Torgersen, Maria L., Torii, Satoru , Torres-López, Liliana , Torriglia, Alicia , Towers, Christina G. , Towns, Roberto, Tran, Quynh‐Giao , Travassos, Leonardo H. , Tremel, Shirley , Trougakos, Ioannis P., Tsao, Betty P. , Tse, Tak Fu, Tsvetkov, Andrey S. , Tumbarello, David A. , Tyler, Jessica K., Tyutereva, Elena V. , Uchiyama, Yasuo , Ugun‐Klusek, Aslihan , Uhlig, Holm H. , Ułamek-Kozioł, Marzena, Ulasov, Ilya V. , Umekawa, Midori, Ungermann, Christian , Urbe, Sylvie, Uribe-Carretero, Elisabet , Uversky, Vladimir N. , Vaccaro, María I. , Vahsen, Björn F. , Vakifahmetoglu-Norberg, Helin, Valdor, Rut , Valente, Maria João , Valko, Ayelén , Vallée, Richard, Valverde, Ángela M. , Berghe, Greet Van den, Veen, Stijn van der , Kaer, Luc Van , Loosdregt, Jorg van , Wijk, Sjoerd J. L. van , Vandenberghe, Wim , Vanhorebeek, Ilse , Vannier-Santos, Marcos A., Vannini, Nicola , Vanrell, M. Cristina, Vantaggiato, Chiara , Varela‐Nieto, Isabel , Varga, Máté , Vasconcelos, M. Helena , Vats, Somya , Vega-Rubín-de-Celis, Silvia , Velasco, Guillermo , Velázquez, Ariadna P., Vellai, Tibor , Vellenga, Edo , Verdier, Mireille , Verginis, Panayotis , Vergne, Isabelle , Verkade, Paul , Verma, Manish , Verstreken, Patrik , Vervliet, Tim , Vervoorts, Jörg , Víctor, Víctor M., Vidoni, Chiara , Vieira, Otília V. , Vierstra, Richard D., Viganò, Sonia , Vihinen, Helena , Vijayan, Vinoy, Vila, Miquel , Villalba, José M., Villalobo, Antonio , Villarejo‐Zori, Beatriz , Vincent, Olivier , Vindis, Cécile , Viret, Christophe , Vocadlo, David J. , Voitsekhovskaja, Olga V. , Volonté, Cinzia , Volta, Mattia , Vomero, Marta , Haefen, Clarissa von, Vooijs, Marc , Voos, Wolfgang , Vučićević, Ljubica , Waguri, Satoshi , Waite, Kenrick A., Wakatsuki, Shuji , Walker, David W., Walker, Mark J. , Walter, Jochen, Wandosell, Francisco , Wang, Bo , Wang, Chao-Yung, Wang, Chen , Wang, Chenran, Wang, Chenwei , Wang, Cun-Yu, Wang, Fengming, Wang, Han, Wang, Hexiang , Wang, Hong‐Gang , Wang, Jianrong, Wang, Jigang , Wang, Jun-Dong , Wang, Kui , Wang, Lianrong, Wang, Liming , Wang, Maggie Haitian, Wang, Meiqing , Wang, Nanbu , Wang, Pengwei , Wang, Ping , Wang, Ping, Wang, Q., Wang, Qiong , Wang, Wentao , Wang, Xinnan, Wang, Xuejun , Wang, Yan, Wang, Yanchang , Wang, Yanzhuang , Wang, Yihua , Wang, Yu , Wang, Yuqi , Wang, Zhe, Wang, Zhenyu , Wang, Zhouguang , Watanabe, Eizo, Watchon, Maxinne , Wawrzyńska, Anna , Weaver, Timothy E., Węgrzyn, Grzegorz, Wehman, Ann M. , Wei, Huafeng , Wei, Taotao , Wei, Yongjie, Weiergräber, Oliver H. , Weihl, Conrad C., Weindl, Günther , Weiskirchen, Ralf , Wen, Runxia H. , Werner, Antonia, Weykopf, Beatrice , Whitton, J. Lindsay , Wiktorska, Katarzyna , Wildenberg, Manon E. , Wileman, Tom, Wilkinson, Simon , Williams, Brett, Williams, Robin S. B. , Williamson, Peter R. , Wilson, Richard A. , Winsor, Nathaniel J. , Wodrich, Harald , Woehlbier, Ute , Wollert, Thomas , Wong, Richard W., Wong, Vincent Kam Wai , Wong, W. Wei-Lynn, Wu, Anguo , Wu, Kenneth K., Wu, Shan‐Ying , Wu, William Ka Kei , Wu, Shufang, Wu, Xiaoqing , Wu, Yao‐Wen , Wu, Yihua , Xavier, Ramnik J. , Xia, Hongguang , Xia, Lixin , Xia, Zhengyuan , Ge, Xiang , Xiang, Jin , Xiang, Mingliang , Xiang, Wei , Xiao, Guozhi , Xiao, Hengyi , Xiao, Hongtao , Xiao, Jian, Xiao, Lan , Xiao, Shi , Xiao, Yin , Xie, Baoming, Xie, Zhiping , Xie, Min , Xie, Yuxiang , Xie, Zhonglin, Xilouri, Maria , Xu, En , Xu, Jin‐Rong , Xu, Liang , Xu, Xiulong , Xue, Yu , Yakhine-Diop, Sokhna M. S. , Yamaguchi, Masamitsu , Yamamoto, Ai , Yamashina, Shunhei, Yan, Shengmin , Yan, Shian-Jang, Yan, Zhen , Yang, Chuanbin , Yang, Dun-Sheng, Yang, Huan , Yang, Huang-Tian, Yang, Hui , Yang, Jing , Yang, Jingyu , Yang, Ling , Liu, Yang , Yang, Ming , Yang, Seungwon, Yang, Shu , Yang, Shun-Fa , Yang, Wannian, Yang, Wei , Yang, Xiaoyong , Yang, Yi , Yao, Xiaoqiang , Yao, Yong-Gang , Yao, Yong-ming, Yasui, Takahiro , Yazdankhah, Meysam, Yi, Cong , Yin, Xiao-Ming , Yin, Yanhai , Yin, Zhangyuan , Yin, Ziyi , Ying, Meidan , Ying, Zheng, Yip, Calvin K. , Yiu, Stephanie Pei Tung , Yoo, Young Hyun , Yoshimori, Tamotsu, Yousefi, Bahman, Yu, Boxuan , Yu, Haiyang , Yu, Jun, Li, Yu , Yu, Ming‐Lung , Yu, Seong-Woon, Yu, Victor C. , Yu, Zhengping, Yuan, Junying , Yuan, Ling‐Qing , Yuan, Shilin , Yuan, Yanggang , Yuan, Zengqiang , Yue, Jianbo , Yue, Zhenyu , Yung, Raymond , Zacks, David, Zaffagnini, Gabriele , Zambelli, Vanessa O. , Zanella, Isabella , Zang, Qun S. , Zanivan, Sara , Zappavigna, Silvia , Zaragoza, P. , Zarbalis, Konstantinos S., Zarebkohan, Amir , Zarrouk, Amira , Zeitlin, Scott, Zeng, Jialiu , Zeng, Judeng , Žerovnik, Eva , Zhan, Lixuan , Zhang, Donna D., Zhang, Hong , Zhang, Honghe , Zhang, Huafeng , Zhang, Huaye, Zhang, Huiling , Zhang, Jianbin , Zhang, Jingpu , Zhang, Kalin Yanbo , Zhang, Leshuai W. , Zhang, Lu , Zhang, Luoying , Zhang, Menghuan, Zhang, Peng , Zhang, Sheng , Zhang, Xiangnan, Zhang, Xiao-Wei, Zhang, Xiaolei , Zhang, Xiaoyan , Zhang, Xin , Zhang, Xinxin , Zhang, Yang, Zhang, Yi , Zhang, Yingdong , Zhang, Yuanyuan , Zhang, Yuchen , Zhang, Zhe , Zhang, Zhibing , Zhang, Zili , Zhao, Haobin, Zhao, Lei , Zhao, Shuang , Zhao, Tongbiao , Zhao, Ying, Zhao, Yongchao , Zhao, Yongliang , Zhao, Yuting , Zheng, Guoping , Zheng, Kai, Zheng, Ling , Zheng, Shizhong , Zheng, Xi‐Long , Zheng, Zu‐Guo , Zhivotovsky, Boris, Zhong, Qing , Zhou, Ao, Zhou, Ben , Zhou, Cefan , Zhou, Gang , Zhou, Hongbo , Zhou, Kailiang, Zhou, Rongjia , Zhou, Yanshuang, Zhou, Yinghong , Zhou, Yubin , Zhou, Zhengyu, Zhou, Zhou , Zhu, Binglin , Zhu, Changlian , Zhu, Guo‐Qing , Zhu, Haining , Zhu, Hongxin, Zhu, Yanping , Zhu, Yushan , Zhuang, Haixia , Zhuang, Xiaohong , Zimmermann, Christine , Żołądek, Teresa , Zong, Wei‐Xing, Zorov, Dmitry B. , Zorzano, Antonio, Zou, Weiping, Zou, Zhen , Zou, Zhengzhi, Zuryn, Steven , Kenchappa, Chandra Shekar, Li, Zuguo , Lin, Yong , Sluimer, Judith C. , Stallings, Christina L. , Tong, Chun-Kit, Wang, Ping , Hu, Bo , Lee, Edward B. , Tse, Hung‐Fat , Suszták, Katalin , Lei, Yu Leo , Yu, M-L , Dai, Yun , Bartolome, Alberto , Brown, Rhoderick E , Passos, João F , Paneni, Francesco , Sahin, Özgür , Pereira de Almeida, Luis , Ren, Jun , Bornhauser, Beat , Kumar, Sharad , Sampaio-Marques, Belém , Ludovico, Paula , Luftig, Micah , Begun, Jakob , Krasnodembskaya, Anna D , Dafsari, Hormos Salimi , Chevet, Eric , Tse, Hung-Fat , Barmada, Sami , Ebrahimi-Fakhari, Darius , Cavadas, Claudia , Sue, Carolyn M , Cardenal-Muñoz, Elena , Lee, Edward B , Golebiewska, Anna , Calbet, Jose A L , Boya, Patricia , Maday, Sandra , Klionsky, Daniel J. , Abdelfatah, Sara , Abdoli, Asghar , Agarwal, Anupam , Ahmed, Zubair M. , Alcocer‐Gómez, Elísabet , Ali, Muhammad , Al‐Bari, Md. Abdul Alim , Aliwaini, Saeb H. , Alizadeh, Javad , Almacellas, Eugènia , Almasan, Alexandru , Alonso, G. , Altieri, Dario C. , Andersen, Stig Uggerhøj , Andrade-Silva, Magaiver , Angelini, Sabrina , Apostolova, Nadezda , Arasaki, Kohei , Araújo, Wagner L. , Arden, Catherine , Arimoto, Hirokazu , Armstrong-James, Darius P. H. , Pelloquin, Laetitia , Aschner, Michael , Ashrafizadeh, Milad , Autelli, Riccardo , Aveic, Sanja , Avin‐Wittenberg, Tamar , Ayton, Scott , Backues, Steven K. , Bae, Dong-Hun , Bae, Ok‐Nam , Baek, Ahruem , Baek, Seung‐Hoon , Baek, Sung Hee , Bai, Jie , Bai, Yidong , Baldari, Cosima T. , Balduini, Walter , Ballabio, Andrea , Banerjee, Sreeparna , Bao, Yan , Baptista, Maurı́cio S. , Barreto, George Emilio , Basagoudanavar, Suresh H. , Bast, Robert C. , Basu, Alakananda , Batoko, Henri , Batten, Isabella , Behrens, Georg M. N. , Bei, Roberto , Behl, Christian , Bello‐Morales, Raquel , Beltrán, Sebastián , Bergami, Matteo , Bergmann, Andreas , Berthoux, Lionel , Bhattacharya, Resham , Bhattacharyya, Shalmoli , Bhutia, Sujit Kumar , Bi, Lanrong , Birgisdottir, Åsa Birna , Bjørkøy, Geir , Blomgren, Klas , Boada-Romero, Emilio , Boesze‐Battaglia, Kathleen , Bonifacino, Juan S. , Boone, Brian A. , Borthakur, Gautam , Bosch, Jürgen , Bose, Santanu , Botana, Luis Miguel , Boulton, Michael E. , Bourdenx, Mathieu , Brackney, Doug E. , Brandts, Christian , Braun, Ralf J. , Braus, Gerhard H. , Bravo, Roberto , Brody, Steven L. , Brown, Carolyn Nicole , Brumell, John Hunter , Brunetti‐Pierri, Nicola , Buitrago‐Molina, Laura Elisa , Buraschi, Simone , Buch, Shilpa J. , Butturini, Elena , Cairó, Montserrat , Caldwell, Kim A. , Campbell‐Valois, François‐Xavier , Campello, Silvia , Campesi, Ilaria , Almeida, Danilo Cândido de , Canesi, Laura , Caraglia, Michele , Carchman, Evie H. , Carmona‐Gutiérrez, Didac , Carnevali, Oliana , Carrier, Lucie , Carroll, Bernadette , Carter, A. Brent , Casas, Caty , Castillo, Eliseo F. , Castro‐Caldas, Margarida , Castro‐Obregón, Susana , Catz, Sergio , Cayuela, María Luisa , Cecarini, Valentina , Cecconi, Francesco , Cenci, Simone , Ceperuelo‐Mallafré, Victòria , Cervia, Davide , Chae, Han–Jung , Chakrabarti, Oishee , Chan, Edmond Y. W., Chan, Edward D. , Chandra, Partha Kumar , Chang, Chih‐Peng , Chang, Chunmei , Chapman, Tracey , Chen, Guang‐Chao , Chen, Leilei , Chen, Lin , Chen, Quan , Chen, Ruey‐Hwa , Chen, Shi , Chen, Wei‐Qiang , Chen, Xu , Chen, Yu-Jen , Chen, Yujie , Chen, Zhi , Chen, Zhijian J. , Chen, Zhixiang , Cheng, Hanhua , Cheng, Jun , Cheng, Shi‐Yuan , Cheng, Wei Nee , Cheng, Xiaodong , Chen, Zhong , Cheong, Heesun , Chernyak, Boris V. , Chi, Richard J., Chiang, Aks , Chiarelli, Roberto , Chu, Charleen T. , Chung, Seockhoon , Cianfanelli, Valentina , Cifuentes, Mariana , Cirone, Mara , Clague, Michael J. , Cohen, Ehud , Cohen, Mickaël M. , Čolić, Miodrag J , Combaret, Lydie , Comincini, Sergio , Conte, Andrea, Conti, Fabrizio , Coppens, Isabelle , Corasaniti, Maria Tiziana , Corkery, Dale , Cordes, Nils , Cortese, Katia , Coto‐Montes, Ana M. , Crack, Peter John , Crespo, José L. , Cuadrado, Antonio , Cui, Jun , Cui, Yong , D’Arcangelo, Daniela , D’Lugos, Andrew C. , Dagda, Ruben Karim , Dagdas, Yasin , Daμμe, Markus , Dantuma, Nico P. , Darling, April L. , Dasarathy, Srinivasan , Daumke, Oliver , Davis, Tanja , Amicis, Francesca De , Felice, Francesca De , Franceschi, Lucia De , Milito, Angelo De , Nunzio, Cosimo De , Santi, Mauro De , Debnath, Jayanta , DeBosch, Brian J. , DeGregori, James V. , Rio, Gabriel del , Delbridge, Lea M.D. , Delpino, M. Victoria , Demarchi, Francesca , Dembitz, Vilma , Deng, Zhiqiang , Denton, Donna , Der, Channing J , Deretić, Vojo , Dhiman, Rohan , Bernardo, Diego di , Cristina, Manlio Di , Nardo, Alessia Di, Sano, Federica Di , Diallinas, George , Diaz-Araya, Guillermo, Đikić, Ivan , Ding, Wen‐Xing , Dini, Luciana , Dionne, Marc , Diwan, Abhinav , Dixon, Ian , Djavaheri‐Mergny, Mojgan , Dobrinski, Ina , Dobrovinskaya, Oxana R. , Dobrowolski, Radek , Dobson, Renwick C. J. , Donadelli, Massimo , Dong, Bo, Dötsch, Volker , Dou, Huan , Dridi, Sami , Du, Caigan , Du, Li‐Lin , Dubrovska, Anna , Dunlop, Elaine A. , Dwarakanath, Bilikere Srinivasa Rao , Eftekharpour, Eftekhar , Eichinger, Ludwig , Eissa, N. 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G.
Autophagy | March 24, 2021 | Volume: 17 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 1-382
Preclinical testing platforms for mechanical thrombectomy in stroke: a review on phantoms, in-vivo animal, and cadaveric models
Liu, Yang , Abbasi, Mehdi , Larco, Jorge Arturo , Kadirvel, Ramanathan , Kallmes, David F. , Brinjikji, Waleed , Arturo Larco, Jorge L, Savastano, Luis , Arturo Larco, Jorge L , Liu, Yang
Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery | March 15, 2021 | Volume: 13 | Issue: 9 | Pages: 816-822
10.1136/neurintsurg-2020-017133
| PMID 33722966
Preclinical testing platforms have been instrumental in the research and development of thrombectomy devices. However, there is no single model which fully captures the complexity of cerebrovascular anatomy, physiology, and the dynamic artery-clot-device interaction. This article provides a critical review of phantoms, in-vivo animal, and human cadaveric models used for thrombectomy testing and provides insights into the strengths and limitations of each platform. Articles published in the past 10 years that reported thrombectomy testing platforms were identified. Characteristics of each test platform, such as intracranial anatomy, artery tortuosity, vessel friction, flow conditions, device-vessel interaction, and visualization, were captured and benchmarked against human cerebral vessels involved in large-vessel occlusion stroke. Thrombectomy phantoms have been constructed from silicone, direct 3D-printed polymers, and glass. These phantoms represent oversimplified patient-specific cerebrovascular geometry but enable adequate visualization of devices and clots under appropriate flow conditions. They do not realistically mimic the artery-clot interaction. For the animal models, arteries from swine, canines, and rabbits have been reported. These models can reasonably replicate the artery-clot-device interaction and have the unique value of evaluating the safety of thrombectomy devices. However, the vasculature geometries are substantially less complex and flow conditions are different from human cerebral arteries. Cadaveric models are the most accurate vascular representations but with limited access and challenges in reproducibility of testing conditions. Multiple test platforms should be likely used for comprehensive evaluation of thrombectomy devices. Interpretation of the testing results should take into consideration platform-specific limitations.
Abstract P782: Bioimpedance as a Means to Quantify Clot Composition and Guide Selection of Thrombectomy Devices
Bhambri, Ankur, Adapa, Arjun R. , Liu, Yang , Shih, Albert J. , Pandey, Aditya S
Stroke | March 11, 2021 | Volume: 52 | Issue: Suppl_1 | Pages: No page available
Introduction: Recent studies suggest that suction based thrombectomy leads to better recanalization with RBC-rich clots while stent-retrievers perform better with fibrin-rich clots. The ability to determine real-time histology of clots, in the setting of large vessel occlusion (LVO), could potentially lead to improved recanalization and better clinical outcomes while simultaneously reducing procedural costs. There is an unmet need for technology that would allow for accurate assessment of real-time clot histology in LVOs. Hypothesis: Bioimpedance measurements can be used to predict real-time clot histology. Methods: We constructed an in vitro test bed to measure the bioimpedance of clot analogs with different RBC percentages. The test bed includes a cylindrical chamber with a gold electrode embedded at the bottom. A mixture of human RBCs and plasma was injected into the chamber and coagulation was induced by adding calcium chloride solution. After coagulation, another gold electrode was used to sandwich the clot. Both electrodes were connected to an inductance, capacitance, and resistance (LCR) meter and a low-voltage (10 mV) excitation was sent to the clot at 1 to 201 kHz. We fabricated 5 types of clot analogs by mixing human RBCs and plasma with different RBC percentages (10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90%). Clot types were measured 3 times. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated and used to evaluate the relationship between clot bioimpedance and RBC percentage. Results and Conclusions: Clot impedance decreases with the excitation frequency and clots with higher RBC percentages had higher impedance at all excitation frequencies (Fig. 1). The impedance was strongly and positively related to the RBC percentage ( r = .996, p = .0004). By minimizing the electrode size and integrating them into catheters, stents, or wires, such technology could inform clinicians of clot composition and guide device selection for optimum recanalization.
Abstract P507: Clot Ingestion Leads to the Highest First Pass Complete Recanalization Rates in a Human Brain Model of Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke
Reddy, Adithya , Savastano, Luis , Liu, Yang , Gebrezgiabhier, Daniel , Davis, Evan, Zheng, Yihao , Shih, Albert J. , Larco, Jorge Arturo , Pandey, Aditya S
Stroke | March 11, 2021 | Volume: 52 | Issue: Suppl_1 | Pages: No page available
Introduction: Suction catheters and stent retrievers are based on the classical paradigm of “en bloc” removal of emboli by generation of tensile forces by vacuum or device withdrawal. However, in this process emboli elongate and fracture leading to fragmentation. Fragments can migrate downstream or remain impacted in the arterial wall resulting in a residual occlusion. Hypothesis: Clot ingestion is biomechanically superior to “en bloc” removal and leads to higher recanalization rates with less complications. Methods: To test this hypothesis, we present a hybrid test bed consisting of pressurized human brains which was developed and validated for large vessel occlusion (LVO) and revascularization. We fabricated 3 types of representative embolus analogs (EAs) (elastic, fragment-prone and stiff) and recreated 105 LVO in twenty-four fresh human brains with the vasculature connected to an hydraulic system to mimic physiological flow and pressures. Recanalization was attempted in 61 LVO cases by Direct Aspiration (DA) using an 068 catheter and in 44 LVO cases combining Stent Retriever with Aspiration (SR+A). Rates of successful recanalization (SR, Grade 2b or higher) and complete recanalization (CR, Grade 2c or higher) were measured. Up to 4 attempts were done before declaring a failure (Grade 2a or lower). Results: DA resulted in 90% of SR, 79% of CR, 61% of first pass SR and 49% of first pass CR. SR+A resulted in 34% of SR, 34% of CR, 23% of first pass SR and 14% of first pass CR. Elastic EA were associated with 88% of SR, 85% of CR, 61% of first pass SR and 52% of first pass CR. Stiff EAs were associated with 64% of SR, 64% of CR, 36% of first pass SR and 36% of first pass CR. Fragment-prone EAs were associated with 64% of SR, 40% of CR, 38% of first pass SR and 21% of first pass CR. Conclusion: Clot ingestion is biomechanically superior to “en bloc” removal and leads to the highest rates of SR, CR and first pass recanalization. DA achieves higher recanalization rates than SR+A. Elastic clots are associated with the highest rates or recanalization, followed by stiff clots and finally by fragment-prone clots.