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Mesothelioma: Scientific clues for prevention, diagnosis, and therapy
Carbone, Michele , Adusumilli, Prasad S. , Alexander, H. Richard , Baas, Paul, Bardelli, Fabrizio , Bononi, Angela , Bueno, Raphael , Felley‐Bosco, Emanuela , Galateau-Sallé, Françoise , Jablons, David M., Mansfield, Aaron S. , Minaai, Michael , Severson, David T. , Woodard, Gavitt A. , Yang, Haining , Pass, Harvey I. , Mansfield, Aaron S , Baas, Paul, de Perrot, Marc , Pesavento, Patricia A. , Rusch, Valerie W. , Taioli, Emanuela , Tsao, Anne S. , Zauderer, Marjorie G.

Mayo Clinic

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians | July 8, 2019 | Volume: 69 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 402-429

10.3322/caac.21572 | PMID 31283845 Get It

Abstract Mesothelioma affects mostly older individuals who have been occupationally exposed to asbestos. The global mesothelioma incidence and mortality rates are unknown, because data are not available from developing countries that continue to use large amounts of asbestos. The incidence rate of mesothelioma has decreased in Australia, the United States, and Western Europe, where the use of asbestos was banned or strictly regulated in the 1970s and 1980s, demonstrating the value of these preventive measures. However, in these same countries, the overall number of deaths from mesothelioma has not decreased as the size of the population and the percentage of old people have increased. Moreover, hotspots of mesothelioma may occur when carcinogenic fibers that are present in the environment are disturbed as rural areas are being developed. Novel immunohistochemical and molecular markers have improved the accuracy of diagnosis; however, about 14% (high‐resource countries) to 50% (developing countries) of mesothelioma diagnoses are incorrect, resulting in inadequate treatment and complicating epidemiological studies. The discovery that germline BRCA1‐asssociated protein 1 ( BAP1 ) mutations cause mesothelioma and other cancers (BAP1 cancer syndrome) elucidated some of the key pathogenic mechanisms, and treatments targeting these molecular mechanisms and/or modulating the immune response are being tested. The role of surgery in pleural mesothelioma is controversial as it is difficult to predict who will benefit from aggressive management, even when local therapies are added to existing or novel systemic treatments. Treatment outcomes are improving, however, for peritoneal mesothelioma. Multidisciplinary international collaboration will be necessary to improve prevention, early detection, and treatment.
PF564 OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH T(11;14) MULTIPLE MYELOMA: AN INTERNATIONAL MYELOMA WORKING GROUP MULTICENTER STUDY
Kumar, Shaji , Goldschmidt, Hartmut , Mateos, M.‐V., Mangiacavalli, Silvia , Min, Chang‐Ki , Esteves, Graça , Handa, Hiroshi , Rodríguez, Carlos Fernández de Larrea, Delforge, Michel , Durie, Brian G.M. , González‐Calle, Verónica , Du, Juan , Kım, Kihyun , Merlini, Giampaolo , Dimopoulos, Meletios Α. , Kastritis, Efstathios , Ludwig, Heinz , Escalante, Fernando , Cameron, Chris G , Haltner, Anja , Rajkumar, S. Vincent

Mayo Clinic

HemaSphere | June 17, 2019 | Volume: 3 | Issue: S1 | Pages: 234-235

10.1097/01.hs9.0000560548.93776.aa Get It

Background:Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease with varying survival outcomes depending on the presence of certain genetic abnormalities. Common abnormalities include trisomies, translocations involving the chromosome 14, and amplifications or deletions of chromosomes 1, 13, and 17. t(11;14), occurring in 15% of patients with myeloma, had been considered a standard risk abnormality, but recent data suggest inferior outcome. This is important as new therapeutic options such as the BCL‐2 inhibitor venetoclax has been shown to be particularly effective in t(11;14) patients.Aims: Primary objective: To describe the overall survival of myeloma patients with translocation t(11:14) Secondary objectives: To determine the response rates, progression free survival, time to progression, time to next treatment, duration of responses and overall survival with different regimens among patients with t(11;14), to determine the prognostic factors for overall survival among patients with t(11;14), and to identify the spectrum of co‐existing genetic abnormalities among patients with t(11;14)Methods:This was a multicenter study to identify the outcomes of patients with t(11;14), using a retrospectively assembled cohort. Patients with MM diagnosed between 2005 and 2015 with t(11;14) identified on FISH performed within six months of diagnosis, and with treatment details available and if alive, a minimum of 12 months of follow up, were enrolled.Results:The current analysis includes 848 patients; median age of 64.4 years; 60.0% male. The median follow‐up from diagnosis for the entire cohort was 46.5 months; 86.7% of the patients were alive at the last follow up. ISS stage distribution included: Stage I (35.3%), Stage II (38.9%) and Stage III (25.8%). The distribution of FISH abnormalities included: del 13q (14.5%), 1q amp (12.1%), del 17p or monosomy 17 (6.1%). Initial therapy included different regimens: 23.3% had an IMiD, 43.3% had a PI, 20.0% had both and 13.3% had no novel agent. The drug classes by line of therapy are shown in Table 1. A stem cell transplant (SCT), defined as within 12 months of start of first line treatment, was used in 39.1% of patients. The median time to next treatment (TTNT) after initial treatment was 13.7 (95% CI: 11.3 to 16.5) months. The median overall survival (OS) from diagnosis for the entire cohort was 82.5 (95% CI: 73.5 to 95.8) months; 4‐year estimates for those diagnosed from January 2005 to December 2009, and from January 2010 to December 2014 were 75.1% and 70.2%, respectively. Median OS by initial regimen is shown in Figure 1; those receiving an early SCT had median OS of 116.9 (95% CI: 85.6 to NA) months.Summary/Conclusion:This is the first study to examine the outcomes of a large group of myeloma patients with t(11;14) abnormality. Patients receiving a combination of a PI and an IMiD appear to have the best survival outcomes. Patients receiving an early SCT appear to have excellent survival with median OS approaching 10 years. Additional patients are being accrued to this study and additional analysis examining the variables affecting response duration and survival will be presented.image
Sex-specific impact of patterns of imageable tumor growth on survival of primary glioblastoma patients
Whitmire, Paula , Rickertsen, Cassandra , Lorence, Julia, León, Gustavo De , Bayless, Spencer, Clark-Swanson, Kamala , Corpuz, Christina, Angeles, Christine Paula Lewis-de los, Bendok, Bernard R. , Vora, Sujay A., Mrugała, Maciej M. , Hu, Leland , Porter, Alyx B. , Kumthekar, Priya , Johnston, Sandra K. , Egan, Kathleen M. , Canoll, Peter , Swanson, Kristin R. , Swanson, Kristin R , Hawkins‐Daarud, Andrea , Carrasco, Eduardo, Curtin, Lee , Peeri, Noah Charles , Gonzalez‐Cuyar, Luis F. , Wang, Lei G. , Gatenby, Robert A. , Rubin, Joshua B

Mayo Clinic

No container title available | June 10, 2019 | Volume: No volume available | Issue: No issue available | Pages: No page available

10.21203/rs.2.10177/v1 Get It

Abstract Background: Sex is recognized as a significant determinant of outcome among glioblastoma patients, but the relative prognostic importance of glioblastoma features has not been thoroughly explored for sex differences. Methods: Combining multi-modal MR images, biomathematical models, and patient clinical information, this investigation assesses which pretreatment variables have a sex-specific impact on the survival of glioblastoma patients (299 males and 195 females). Results: Among males, tumor (T1Gd) radius was a predictor of overall survival (HR=1.027, p=0.044). Among females, higher tumor cell net invasion rate was a significant detriment to overall survival (HR=1.011, p<0.001). Female extreme survivors had significantly smaller tumors (T1Gd) (p=0.010 t-test), but tumor size was not correlated with female overall survival (p=0.955 CPH). Both male and female extreme survivors had significantly lower tumor cell net proliferation rates than other patients (M p=0.004, F p=0.001, t-test). Additionally, extent of resection, tumor laterality, and IDH1 mutation status were also found to have sex-specific effects on overall survival. Conclusion: Despite similar distributions of the MR imaging parameters between males and females, there was a sex-specific difference in how these parameters related to outcomes.
Short versus long duration of adjuvant trastuzumab (T) in HER2+ breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Sipra, Qurat Ul Ain Riaz , Raina, Ammad, Khan, Ahsan Masood , Akhtar, Maheen, Leon‐Ferre, Roberto A. , Riaz, Irbaz Bin , Husnain, Muhammad , Wang, Zhen , Murad, M. Hassan

Mayo Clinic

Journal of Clinical Oncology | May 27, 2019 | Volume: 37 | Issue: 15_suppl | Pages: e12057-e12057

10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e12057 Get It

e12057 Background: Several RCTs have evaluated a shorter duration of T ( < 12 months) with hopes of similar efficacy, reduced cardiotoxicity, cost and burden of treatment. Of the 5 major studies, PERSPHONE showed that 6 months was non-inferior compared to 12 months. However, four additional studies of shorter duration failed to demonstrate non-inferiority. Therefore, we performed an updated systematic review and a meta-analysis to assess the optimal duration of adjuvant T. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, Scopus and conference proceedings were searched to identify RCTs comparing one year of adjuvant T with a shorter duration in early-stage HER2+ breast cancer. The DerSimonian-Laird random-effects Meta-Analysis was performed using CMAv3 software to derive pooled Hazard Ratio (HR) estimates for overall survival (OS, Disease-Free Survival (DFS) and Odds Ratio(OR) estimates of cardiac toxicity. Q-test was used to assess between-study heterogeneity; I2 statistic was computed to express the percentage of the total observed variability due to study heterogeneity. The risk for bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool. Results: We screened 1772 citations and identified 5 studies(n = 11,377) for analysis. 5691 patients were randomized to 12 months of adjuvant T while 5686 were randomized to a shorter duration (3 studies evaluated 6 vs 12 months, 2 studies evaluated 9 weeks vs 12 months). OS (HR, 1.16, 95% CI 1.03-1.31, P= 0.015,I2 0.00, p= 0.837) and DFS (HR, 1.14, 95% CI 1.02-1.26 , P = 0.016,I2 14.90, p= 0.319) were significantly worse in patients receiving shorter duration T as compared to 12 months. Cardiotoxicity was significantly higher in the 12 month group vs shorter duration (OR, 2.10, 95% CI 1.58-2.80, p = 0.000 ,I2 51.182, p= 0.085). Grade 3/4 cardiac events and cardiac events leading to discontinuation of therapy were significantly higher in patients receiving 12 months (HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.60-2.63, P = 0.000, I2 3.967, p= 0.384). There was no significant heterogeneity among studies. Risk of bias was low. Conclusions: Twelve months of adjuvant T is associated with significantly better DFS and OS compared to a shorter duration. As such, 12 months should remain the standard of care for most patients. There is an unmet need to identify lower risk groups which might do well with from shorter duration of HER2-directed therapy.
The Medical Device Innovation Consortium and Its Goal to Further the Efficiency of Early Feasibility Studies in the United States
Holmes, David R. , Mack, Michael J. , Leon, Martin B. , Kaplan, Aaron V. , Hance, Robert “Chip”

Mayo Clinic

Journal of Endovascular Therapy | May 20, 2019 | Volume: 26 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 423-424

10.1177/1526602819845625 | PMID 31106689 Get It

Abstract P6-19-05: Clinical characteristics and survival of patients with male breast cancer: The Mayo Clinic experience
Yadav, Sarvesh, Leon-Ferre, RA, Jiménez, R., Hawse, JR, Hieken, TJ, Couch, FJ, Boughey, JC , Ruddy, KJ, Jimenez, RE

Mayo Clinic

Cancer Research | May 11, 2019 | Volume: 79 | Issue: 4_Supplement | Pages: P6-19-05-P6-19-05

10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p6-19-05 Get It

Abstract Background: Male breast cancer (MBC) is rare, and usually managed by extrapolation from female breast cancer. We report on the characteristics and survival outcomes of MBC patients from Mayo Clinic Rochester (MCR). Methods: Medical records of MBC patients treated at MCR during a 25-year period (1990-2015) were reviewed. Demographic variables, tumor characteristics, recurrences, and overall survival (OS) were collected. Progression free survival (PFS) and OS were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate Cox-proportional hazard regression was used to identify predictors of OS. Results: One hundred sixty-seven patients were included in the final analysis, with a median follow-up of 58 months after diagnosis. Baseline characteristics are presented in Table 1. Eighty percent of patients with ER-positive tumors received endocrine therapy. Among men with stage I-III disease, approximately 90% underwent mastectomy, and 44% received adjuvant chemotherapy. The 5-year locoregional and distant recurrence rates for patients with stage I-III disease were 4.4% and 21.5%, respectively. The 5-year PFS and OS for patients with stage I-III disease were 65.5% and 80.1%, respectively. In a multivariate analysis assessing predictors of OS in patients with stage I-III disease, older age (HR 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02 – 1.09), stage II (HR 11.06; 95% CI: 3.84 – 31.85) or stage III disease (HR 14.74; 95% CI (3.99 – 54.45), and omission of surgery (HR 45.33; 95% CI: 3.97 – 517.32) were associated with poorer OS, while endocrine therapy (HR 0.21, 95% CI: 0.09 – 0.51) was associated with better OS. ER, PR, HER2 and grade were not independently prognostic. The median OS for stage IV patients was 10 months, though this 11-man cohort was too small to allow assessment of prognostic factors in advanced male breast cancer. Conclusions: MBC remains an understudied condition. Prognostic factors in this stage I-III disease are consistent with those identified in other MBC retrospective cohorts. Prospective studies are needed to better understand the unique clinical features of MBC, and to improve outcomes, particularly for advanced disease. Table 1:Baseline characteristics N=167 Median age at diagnosis (Years)64.4 Ethnicity/Race: Caucasian131 (78.4%)African American4 (2.4%)Other or unknown32 (19.2%) Overall AJCC 7th edition stage: Stage I39 (23.4%)Stage II80 (47.9%)Stage III32 (19.2%)Stage IV11 (6.6%)Unknown5 (3.0%) Grade: 18 (4.8%)247 (28.1%)3101 (60.5%)Unknown12 (7.1%) ER status: Negative8 (4.8%)Positive153 (91.6%)Unknown6 (3.6%) PR status: Negative17 (10.2%)Positive141 (84.4%)Unknown9 (5.4%) HER-2 status: Negative70 (41.9%)Positive12 (7.2%)Unknown85 (50.9%) Citation Format: Yadav S, Leon-Ferre RA, Jimenez RE, Hawse JR, Hieken TJ, Couch FJ, Boughey JC, Ruddy KJ. Clinical characteristics and survival of patients with male breast cancer: The Mayo Clinic experience [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-19-05.
Abstract P6-18-09: Clinical management of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) after CDK 4/6 inhibitors: A retrospective single-institution study
Giridhar, KV, Choong, Gerald , Leon-Ferre, RA, O'Sullivan, CC, Ruddy, KJ, Haddad, TC, Hobday, TJ, Peethambaram, PP, Moynihan, TJ, Loprinzi, CL, Liu, MC, Suman, VJ, Goetz, MP

Mayo Clinic

Cancer Research | May 11, 2019 | Volume: 79 | Issue: 4_Supplement | Pages: P6-18-09-P6-18-09

10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p6-18-09 Get It

Abstract Cyclin dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) are standard first line (1L) and second line (2L) treatments of ER+ MBC. However, the optimal treatment strategy after progression on a CDK 4/6i is unknown. Given concern for rapid disease progression after discontinuation of CDK4/6is (Bashour, J Cancer 2017), further data on responses to subsequent lines of therapy post CDK4/6i are needed. We performed a single institution retrospective review of patients (pts) with ER+ MBC who received 1L or 2L CDK4/6i to examine the prescribing patterns and clinical responses to post-CDK4/6i treatment. Methods: We identified 136 ER+ MBC pts prescribed a CDK4/6i at Mayo Clinic Rochester (from 12/2014 to 2/2018) on 1L or 2L who received at least 30 days of therapy and ≥ two clinic visits during treatment. For the 1L and 2L cohorts we assessed the time to treatment failure during (TTF-1) and after CDK4/6i therapy (TTF-2). TTF was defined as time from start of therapy to discontinuation for any cause. Additionally, we assessed overall survival (OS) post CDK4/6i discontinuation (defined as the date of TTF-1 to death or last follow up). Results: The study cohort included 81 and 55 pts treated with 1L and 2L CDK4/6is, respectively. In the 1L cohort, palbociclib/letrozole (82.3%) and palbociclib/fulvestrant (13.6%) were most commonly prescribed. Treatment was discontinued in 39/81 pts due to: progression (84.6%), intolerability (7.7%), and other (7.7%). The median TTF-1 was 19.7 mo (95% CI 11.2 – 25.4 mo). Subsequent treatment and response data were available in 37/39 pts that progressed on 1L CDK4/6i. The most commonly prescribed regimens included single-agent hormonal therapy (29.7%), everolimus/exemestane (27.0%), and single agent chemotherapy (21.7%). The overall median TTF-2 were as follows: everolimus/exemestane 13.2 mo [95%CI 0.33 mo – not reached (NR)]; single agent hormonal therapy 3.1 mo (95%CI 1.4 – 5.4 mo); and single agent chemotherapy 4.1 mo (95%CI 1.4 - 5.4 mo). With a median post-CDK4/6i follow up of 11.2 mo, we observed 8 deaths and the median OS-post CDK4/6i was NR. In the 2L cohort, common regimens were palbociclib/letrozole (63.6%) and palbociclib/fulvestrant (27.3%). Treatment was discontinued in 30/55 pts due to: progression (73.3%), intolerability (13.3%), and other (13.3%). The median TTF-1 in the 2L cohort was 8.3 mo (95%CI 4.6 – 12.7 mo). Subsequent treatment data were available in 24/30 pts and included single-agent hormonal therapy [n=7 (29.2%); median TTF-2 4.7 mo; 95%CI 1.9 – 14.0 mo], everolimus/exemestane [n=6 (25.0%); median TTF-2 3.2 mo, 95% CI 0.8-10.1 mo)] and single agent chemotherapy [n=6 (25.0%); median TTF-2 2.6 mo; 95%CI 1.7 mo – NR)]. With a median post-CDK4/6i follow up 18.7 mo in the 2L cohort, we observed 11 deaths, and the median OS-post CDK4/6i was 11.8 mo (95%CI 11.8 mo – NR). Conclusions: Single and combination-based endocrine strategies are commonly administered post-CDK4/6i without clinical evidence for rapid deterioration. The observation of a median treatment duration lasting &gt;12 months in patients receiving everolimus/exemestane post-CDK4/6i supports ongoing studies evaluating drugs that target PI3K/mTOR pathway in combination and following progression on a CDK4/6i. Citation Format: Giridhar KV, Choong GM, Leon-Ferre RA, O'Sullivan CC, Ruddy KJ, Haddad TC, Hobday TJ, Peethambaram PP, Moynihan TJ, Loprinzi CL, Liu MC, Suman VJ, Goetz MP. Clinical management of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) after CDK 4/6 inhibitors: A retrospective single-institution study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-18-09.
Abstract P3-08-01: Characteristics, outcomes and prognostic factors of luminal androgen receptor (LAR) triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)
Leon-Ferre, RA, Polley, M-Y, Liu, H, Kalari, KR, Boughey, JC , Liu, MC, Cafourek, Victoria, Negron, Vivian , Ingle, JN, Thompson, KJ, Barman, Poulami , Visscher, DW, Carter, JC, Couch, FJ, Goetz, MP, Tang, Xiaojia , Carlson, Erin E. , Carter, JC

Mayo Clinic

Cancer Research | May 11, 2019 | Volume: 79 | Issue: 4_Supplement | Pages: P3-08-01-P3-08-01

10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p3-08-01 Get It

Abstract Background: The LAR subtype is a genomically distinct subset of TNBC. Using a large cohort of non-metastatic TNBC patients (pts) with long term follow-up, we sought to further characterize the clinicopathologic features and outcomes of LAR vs non-LAR TNBC. Methods: From a cohort of 9982 women with surgically-treated non-metastatic breast cancer, 605 met criteria for TNBC (ER/PR&lt;1% and HER2-negative) by central pathology. RNA extracted from 304 FFPE tumor specimens using the HighPure RNA extraction kit was subjected to TruSeq RNA Access library preparation and sequencing on a HiSeq2500. Adequate RNA was available for 283 pts. Tumors were classified as LAR or non-LAR using a shrunken centroid model, CABAL (Clustering Among BAsal and Luminal androgen receptor). In addition to previously described analyses [Leon-Ferre et al, Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017], immunohistochemical (IHC) androgen receptor (AR) staining was performed and the impact of various parameters on invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) and overall survival (OS) was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. Results: 58 (20%) tumors were classified as LAR and 225 (80%) as non-LAR. Compared to non-LAR, LAR pts were older (mean age 65 vs 54) and more often postmenopausal (79%vs53%), both p=0.01. Apocrine histology was more common among LAR tumors (21%vs0%), which were also lower grade (grade3: 69%vs95%) and had lower Ki-67 (Ki-67&gt;15%: 64%vs82%), all p&lt;0.01. Additionally, LAR tumors had lower median stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs, 20%vs25%) and were less frequently lymphocyte-predominant [≥50% stromal or intratumoral TILs (19%vs32%)], although neither reached statistical significance. AR IHC was available for 223 of 283 tumors. Median AR IHC score in LAR was 65% (range 0-100%) vs 0% (range 0-90%) in non-LAR. T/N stage, surgery type, and receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy (AdjCT) or radiotherapy were similar between LAR and non-LAR. LAR pts had shorter IDFS and OS compared to non-LAR (5.6 vs 11.8 yrs and 10.8 vs 20.8 yrs, respectively), although this did not reach statistical significance. Test of proportional hazard assumption was not significant for IDFS or OS (p = 0.30 and 0.09). IDFS estimates were numerically higher in LAR vs non-LAR (80.2%vs70.5%,p = 0.92) at 3yrs post-diagnosis; whereas the opposite was true (40.9%vs55.6%,p = 0.07) after 10yrs. OS estimates at 3 and 5yrs were similar between LAR and non-LAR, but at 10yrs OS was inferior in LAR (40.9%vs66.4%,p = 0.24). In a univariate analysis including both LAR and non-LAR, older age, higher N stage, lower TILs and absence of AdjCT were associated with poorer IDFS and OS. In a multivariate analysis, higher N stage and absence of AdjCT remained associated with both poorer IDFS and OS; while lower stromal TILs were associated with poorer IDFS (p=0.01), and with a trend towards poorer OS (p=0.07). Conclusions: LAR TNBCs occurred in older women, were lower grade, and had lower TIL density than nonLAR tumors. While significant differences in IDFS or OS were not demonstrated, LAR pts exhibited a numerically lower risk of a disease event at 3yrs, but higher risk by 10yrs compared to nonLAR pts. In the entire cohort, higher N stage, absence of AdjCT and lower TILs were independently associated with poorer outcomes. Citation Format: Leon-Ferre RA, Polley M-Y, Liu H, Kalari KR, Boughey JC, Liu MC, Cafourek V, Negron V, Ingle JN, Thompson KJ, Tang X, Barman P, Carlson E, Visscher DW, Carter JC, Couch FJ, Goetz MP. Characteristics, outcomes and prognostic factors of luminal androgen receptor (LAR) triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-08-01.
Abstract GS6-02: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oxybutynin (Oxy) for hot flashes (HF): ACCRU study SC-1603
Leon-Ferre, RA, Novotny, P., Faubion, SS, Ruddy, KJ, Flora, Daniel , Dakhil, Christopher, Rowland, K. M., Graham, ML, Le‐Lindqwister, Nguyet, Loprinzi, CL, Graham, ML

Mayo Clinic

Cancer Research | May 11, 2019 | Volume: 79 | Issue: 4_Supplement | Pages: GS6-02-GS6-02

10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-gs6-02 Get It

Abstract Background: HF occur in about 75% of midlife women and are associated with quality of life disruption and premature endocrine therapy discontinuation among breast cancer survivors. Estrogen therapy, effective for HF, is contraindicated in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (BC). Previous studies have suggested that Oxy could be effective in managing HF. Methods: This randomized, placebo (P)-controlled trial enrolled women who had experienced HF ≥28 times per week over &gt;30 days and of sufficient severity to seek treatment. Patients (pts) were randomized to receive oral Oxy at two doses: 2.5mg BID for 6 weeks (Oxy2.5), 2.5mg BID for a week with subsequent increase to 5mg BID (Oxy5), or matching P, in equal ratios. Baseline and monthly questionnaires were administered including a HF diary, the HF related daily interference scale (HFRDIS) and a symptom experience questionnaire. The primary endpoint was intra-patient change in weekly HF score and frequency from baseline to end of study compared using Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: 150 pts were accrued between 2/23/2017-3/5/2018. 4 pts cancelled before starting treatment and were excluded from analyses. This interim report includes the first 104 pts for which at least one post-baseline evaluation was available. Baseline characteristics were well-balanced between the arms. Sixty-two percent were on tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor for the duration of the study. Pts on both Oxy doses had a significantly greater reduction in HF score and frequency compared to P. Pts on Oxy2.5 had a mean change in HF score of -10 (SD 7.4) vs -5.1 (SD 9.7) with P, p=0.003; and a mean change in average weekly number of HF of -4.6 (SD 3.1) vs -2.3 (SD 3.9), p=0.002. Pts on Oxy5 had a mean change in HF score of -16.2 (SD 5.1) vs -5.1 (SD 9.7) with P, p&lt;0.001; and a mean change in average weekly number of HF of -7.0 (SD 4.0) vs -2.3 (SD 3.9), p&lt;0.001. Repeated measures mixed models confirmed that, after adjusting for baseline values, both Oxy arms had significantly lower HF scores and frequency compared to P (p&lt;0.001). HFRDIS revealed that pts in both Oxy arms experienced improvement in the following HF interference measures: work, social activities, leisure activities, sleep, relations, life enjoyment, and overall quality of life. Pts on Oxy5 also had improvement in HF interference with mood. Pts on Oxy2.5 experienced more stomach pain (p=0.031), diarrhea (p=0.007), nausea (p=0.04), headaches (0.032), episodes of confusion (0.012), dry mouth (p=0.003) and dry eyes (0.027) compared to P. Pts on Oxy5 experienced more constipation (0.004), dry mouth (0.001) and difficulty urinating (0.004) compared to P. There were no differences in study discontinuation due to adverse effects between either Oxy arm and P (Oxy2.5 vs P, p=0.653; Oxy5 vs P, p=0.483). Conclusions: Oxy is superior to P for management of HF. Oxy2.5 and 5 were both associated with significant improvements in HF scores and frequency as well as improvement in HF interference with several quality of life measures. While pts on Oxy experienced more side effects than pts on P, rates of discontinuation due to adverse events were low. This study was supported by the Breast Cancer Research Foundation. Citation Format: Leon-Ferre RA, Novotny PJ, Faubion SS, Ruddy KJ, Flora D, Dakhil C, Rowland KM, Graham ML, Le-Lindqwister N, Loprinzi CL. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oxybutynin (Oxy) for hot flashes (HF): ACCRU study SC-1603 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr GS6-02.
Abstract P4-16-01: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of testosterone (T) for aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgias (AIA) in postmenopausal women: Alliance A221102
Leon-Ferre, RA, Le-Rademacher, J, Terstriep, Shelby A., Glaser, Rebecca L. , Novotni, P, Copur, MS, Page, S , Mitchell, William M. , Birrell, SN, Loprinzi, CL, Giuliano, Anna R. , Jones, C, Mitchell, W

Mayo Clinic

Cancer Research | May 11, 2019 | Volume: 79 | Issue: 4_Supplement | Pages: P4-16-01-P4-16-01

10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-16-01 Get It

Abstract Background: Aromatase inhibitors are a mainstay hormone receptor-positive breast cancer treatment. AIA occur in up to 50% of patients (pts), adversely affecting quality of life and treatment compliance. A small phase II clinical trial of oral testosterone unedeconate appeared to improve AIA over placebo (P), with no significant androgenic side effects. The current study was performed to confirm these findings. Methods: This randomized P-controlled trial enrolled postmenopausal women on adjuvant anastrozole or letrozole and experiencing moderate-to-severe AIA (≥5 on 0-10 scale). Pts were initially randomized to receive a subcutaneous pellet containing T 120 mg + anastrozole 8 mg (T+AIpellet) or P at the end of the first week on study (after obtaining baseline hot flash data) and at 3 months (mo). Due to slow accrual, the protocol was amended to change the route of delivery to topical T or P applied to the skin once daily for 6 mo. Baseline and monthly questionnaires were administered, including: Modified Brief Pain Inventory for aromatase arthralgia (BPI-AIA), prolife of mood states (POMS), the menopause specific quality of life questionnaire (MENQOL), a hot flash diary, the hot flash related daily interference scale (HFRDIS) and a symptom experience questionnaire. The primary endpoint was intra-patient change in joint pain at 3 mo, compared using a two-sample t-test. Results: 227 pts were accrued between 9/1/2013-11/29/2017. 55 pts were randomized prior to the protocol amendment and received T+AIpellet or P. Baseline characteristics were balanced between arms, with the exceptions of median weight, BMI, hemoglobin (all higher in T arm), and breast tenderness, dissatisfaction with personal life/depression, and skin changes (all higher in P arm). Compared to baseline, there were no significant differences between T and P in average pain or joint stiffness at 3 (p=0.483) or 6 mo (p=0.573). Average pain was significantly lower each month compared to baseline, irrespective of treatment arm. There were no significant differences in any other items evaluated by BPI-AIA, POMS, MENQOL, hot flash diary or HFRDIS. Similarly, there were no substantial differences in toxicity. A subset analysis of the 55 pts randomized to receive T+AIpellet or P identified significant reductions in average pain scores with T+AIpellet during the first month (p=0.038), but not thereafter. T+AIpellet pts had significantly more reduction in reported % of baseline hot flash frequency (p=0.034) and score (p=0.031), nausea (p=0.019), fatigue (p=0.042), mood swings (p=0.026), hand/feet swelling (p=0.009), stress urinary incontinence (p=0.039) and changes in appearance, texture or tone of their skin (p=0.0083), than pts on P. Conclusions: Overall, T did not improve AIA or menopausal symptoms compared to P. While there was significant improvement in AIA over the study period, T did not facilitate this process. However, T+AIpellet was associated with improvement in short-term AIA and several menopausal symptoms compared to P, suggesting that subcutaneous T combined with anastrozole may be superior to transdermal T alone. Support: UG1CA189823, U10CA180820, U10CA189809; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01573442 Citation Format: Leon-Ferre RA, Le-Rademacher J, Terstriep S, Glaser R, Novotni P, Giuliano A, Copur MS, Jones C, Page S, Mitchell W, Birrell SN, Loprinzi CL. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of testosterone (T) for aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgias (AIA) in postmenopausal women: Alliance A221102 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-16-01.