Citations

Diffuse B-cell lymphomas are the most prevalent canine hematologic malignancies, and their clinical presentation resembles that of human B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs). However, a lack of a clear subtyping framework perpetuates imprecise treatment approaches that fail to address mechanisms of therapy resistance. Here, we employed deep phenotyping via serial sampling and longitudinal transcriptomics to evaluate intratumoral composition and therapy response in a 6-year-old neutered male goldendoodle with stage 5A marginal zone lymphoma (MZL). Following sequential treatment consisting of a single IV dose of oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virotherapy (VSV) and standard CHOP chemotherapy 30 days later, we performed scRNAseq on seven serial lymph node biopsies and spatial sequencing on a resection taken 10 days post-VSV treatment. B cells (>90%) comprised three transcriptionally distinct and temporally stable subpopulations, with specific copy number profiles and robust spatial organization despite disrupted lymph node architecture. Analysis across subpopulations revealed downregulation of the quiescence program including KLF2, suggesting similarity to KLF2-deficient human MZL. While VSV successfully reached target B cells, downstream transcriptional responses were predominantly localized to the T-cell compartment. T cells (≤6%) showed increased proliferation and upregulation of cytotoxicity markers post-VSV administration, enriching for leukocyte-mediated cytotoxicity pathways consistent with an anti-viral immune response. Ultimately, these results provide an in vivo proof-of-concept for the treatment paradigm in canine lymphoma, while emphasizing the need for improved subtyping frameworks and multidimensional treatment strategies targeting intratumoral heterogeneity.

Early-onset colorectal cancer (eoCRC) is increasing globally, raising interest in modifiable dietary exposures that may contribute to its development. High fructose intake, particularly from sugar-sweetened beverages and high-fructose corn syrup, has been associated with colorectal neoplasia and eoCRC in epidemiologic studies. Experimental evidence suggests that fructose may promote colorectal tumorigenesis through enhanced uptake and metabolism, polyol pathway activation, glycolytic and lipogenic reprogramming, hypoxic adaptation, and interactions with the tumor microenvironment. Excess fructose reaching the colon may also impair intestinal barrier integrity and alter gut microbial composition and metabolite production. Preclinical models support a direct tumor-promoting effect of fructose independent of obesity, whereas human mechanistic and microbiome data remain limited. This review summarizes current evidence linking fructose exposure with eoCRC and discusses emerging metabolic, microbial, and translational implications, while highlighting key gaps that must be addressed to establish causality and clinical relevance.

Abstract Background Women remain underrepresented in alcohol use disorder (AUD) research despite sex- and gender-specific health disparities and barriers to treatment. Community-engaged approaches can identify opportunities for patient-centered comparative effectiveness research (CER) that reflect women’s lived experiences. The WomenWise project used community engaged, bi-directional, partnered learning sessions (PLS) to qualitatively explore women’s perspectives on alcohol misuse, treatment barriers, and priorities for future CER. Methods In 2025, we conducted five 90-minute PLSs via Zoom with attendees who were aged ≥ 18 years, self-identified as a woman, reported lived experience of alcohol misuse, were a family member/caregiver of a woman with AUD, and were affiliated with a WomenWise partner organization or a healthcare provider treating AUD. Moderated PLSs focused on bi-directional knowledge exchange and sharing of experiences. Audio transcripts, Zoom chat content, and one asynchronous online discussion thread were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Suggested future CER topics generated during sessions were presented to the WomenWise community advisory board (CAB), which ranked priority topics by vote. Results In total, 51 attendees shared their experiences. The major themes centered on a sense of shame and stigma unique to women, with many attendees mentioning gendered norms, “mom culture,” “quiet drinking,” and caregiver role strain. Barriers to treatment included structural challenges, poor healthcare provider communication, the need for trauma-informed care, and concerns about privacy particularly in rural areas. Six future CER topics emerged, of which the CAB selected three priorities: (1) harm reduction/moderation versus abstinence-only approaches, (2) trauma-focused care versus standard AUD treatment, and (3) care access and engagement strategies. Conclusions These bidirectional, co-learning sessions identified patient-centered, community-informed priorities for future AUD research in women. The findings highlight the importance of addressing stigma, trauma, structural barriers, and provider communication when designing future women-centered treatment studies and care models.

Aims: To synthesise and critically appraise evidence on artificial intelligence (AI) and multimodal data approaches for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decision support in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), and to compare how disease biology shapes model design and clinical readiness. Study Design: Systematic review with narrative synthesis. Place and Duration of Study: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, IEEE Xplore, and the Cochrane Library were searched from database inception to 29 July 2026. Methodology: English-language original studies involving human participants, clinical images, human-derived samples, or patient-derived datasets were eligible. Two reviewers independently screened records, assessed full texts, and extracted study characteristics, data modalities, analytical methods, validation approaches, and performance measures. PROBAST+AI domains were used to guide appraisal of eligible patient-level prediction models; exploratory multi-omics, molecular-subtyping, biomarker-discovery, and segmentation studies underwent structured descriptive appraisal. TRIPOD+AI informed assessment of reporting completeness. Owing to substantial clinical and methodological heterogeneity, findings were synthesised narratively. Results: Twenty-eight studies were included: 22 on DLBCL and six on AML. DLBCL research was dominated by PET/CT radiomics, deep imaging, digital pathology, and imaging-clinical-molecular fusion. Internally evaluated diagnostic models reported area under the curve values as high as 0.999, whereas externally validated prognostic models achieved values of 0.66-0.71 and showed inconsistent incremental improvement over the International Prognostic Index. AML studies mainly integrated genomic, transcriptomic, epigenomic, single-cell, proteomic, metabolic, and functional drug-response data. Prognostic models reported concordance indices of 0.72-0.81 and time-dependent area under the curve values of 0.795-0.899. The most frequent methodological concerns were retrospective sampling, high-dimensional modelling in modest cohorts, incomplete calibration reporting, and limited independent validation. Treatment-response models in both diseases remained retrospective or exploratory, and none demonstrated improved outcomes through AI-guided treatment allocation. Conclusion: AI and multimodal data approaches show greatest maturity for prognostic stratification, but diagnostic replacement and treatment selection remain unproven. Prospective, multicentre clinical-impact validation is the principal requirement for translation into routine care.

The conventional workup for suspected early-stage lung cancer requires multiple visits, anesthetics, and procedures. Single anesthetic event lung cancer surgery integrates shape-sensing robotic bronchoscopy, cone-beam CT, rapid on-site cytologic evaluation (ROSE), endobronchial ultrasound staging, lesion localization, and minimally invasive resection into one operative encounter. In this narrative review, we describe the technical components of this pathway, summarize the supporting literature, and offer expert, institution-based troubleshooting guidance for common intraoperative dilemmas. Reported diagnostic yields for shape-sensing robotic bronchoscopy range from 80 to 96%, with approximately 90% concordance between ROSE and final pathology. Published single-institution series report reductions in time from detection to resection of 15–51 days, cost savings of approximately $3000–$10,000, and perioperative outcomes (length of stay 1.8–3.6 days; complication rates comparable to traditional pathways) similar to staged care. The supporting evidence is retrospective and derived from small, single-institution, high-volume referral cohorts; no prospective comparative trials or long-term survival data yet exist. Single anesthetic event lung cancer surgery is therefore best regarded as an emerging, resource-intensive care pathway for carefully selected patients at experienced centers rather than an established standard of care, pending prospective, multicenter validation.

Purpose To compare lower extremity soft tissue injury and revision surgery rates for patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) compared with matched controls. Methods This retrospective cohort study used a deidentified claims database. Patients were included if they carried an International Classification of Diseases code for AN or BN. Respective matched cohorts for AN and BN were created using propensity score matching. Primary and revision surgeries for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, knee collateral ligament reconstruction, meniscus repair or meniscectomy, and any ankle ligament reconstruction were identified by their CPT codes. Patients over the age of 40 and without a minimum 2‐year follow‐up after primary surgery were excluded. Differences in prevalence and revision rates were analyzed. Results A total of 56,146 patients with AN and 42,630 patients with BN were included in this study with equal numbers in respective matched cohorts. Patients with BN showed an increased risk of ACL injury (relative risk = 1.32, P = .019), medial collateral ligament injury (1.17, 0.04), calcaneofibular sprain (1.92, <0.001), deltoid sprain (1.41, 0.004), and unspecified ankle sprain (1.44, <0.001). Patients with AN showed an increased risk for calcaneofibular sprain (1.25, 0.007), deltoid sprain (1.28, 0.015), and unspecified ankle sprain (1.17, <0.001). Patients with BN were more likely to have revision ACL repair (1.89, 0.02), partial meniscus revision (3.44, <0.001) and any meniscus revision (4.74, <0.001) while patients with AN were more likely to have an ACL revision (2.81, <0.001), partial meniscus (4.37, <0.001), and any meniscus (4.52, <0.001). Conclusions In this study, patients with AN and BN had a significantly increased risk for various knee and ankle injuries and revision surgeries compared with matched controls. Additionally, patients with AN and BN who sustained these injuries were more likely to undergo a revision surgical procedure within the first 5 years of the primary procedure. Level of Evidence Level III, retrospective comparative study.

Robotic surgery offers advantages over traditional open, laparoscopic, and endoscopic approaches, including faster patient recovery and reduced surgeon fatigue. The da Vinci 5 (DV5), is the newest system in the most widely used family of surgical robots. This pilot study examined the usability of the DV5 compared with the da Vinci Xi (DV Xi) from the perspective of the surgical team. A consulting surgeon, trainees, Certified Surgical Assistants (CSAs), and Certified Surgical Technicians (CSTs) were recruited during colorectal surgery cases using the DV5 or DV Xi. Team members completed pre- and postoperative surveys assessing discomfort, workload, and usability. Objective postural data were collected from the consulting surgeon and trainee. Nine cases were evaluated (DV5 = 5). The DV5 improved neck posture for surgeons and trainees, with no workload differences for other team members. The DV5 significantly improved physical ergonomic usability for the surgeon at the console.

ABSTRACT The cohesin complex, composed of SMC1, SMC3, RAD21, and STAG1/STAG2, is essential for chromosome cohesion, DNA repair, and transcriptional regulation. Pathogenic variants in cohesin components cause cohesinopathies. The classical characteristics of cohesinopathies include developmental delay (DD), intellectual disability (ID), feeding difficulties, hypotonia, short stature, hearing loss, and dysmorphic features. Here, we present a 5‐year‐old boy with classical cohesinopathy features, including DD/ID and feeding difficulties, along with non‐classical features such as hypoglycemia, recurrent fever, and immunodeficiency. Trio exome sequencing identified a novel de novo missense variant of uncertain significance (NM_005862.3:c.643G>A(p.Val215Ile)) in the STAG1 gene. The variant localizes to the RAD21 interaction interface, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed conformational changes comparable to other STAG1 variants reported as likely pathogenic in patients, supporting a deleterious effect which may disrupt the STAG1‐RAD21 interaction interface. This case expands the phenotypic and molecular spectrum of STAG1‐related cohesinopathy and advances our understanding of the disease mechanism.