Citations

375 Background: Chemotherapy or radiotherapy are standard treatments for stage II seminoma, though they are associated with significant long-term treatment-related toxicities. Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) is an established treatment for testicular germ cell tumors but little data exists on its efficacy as a front-line treatment in early metastatic (stage II) seminoma. This is a single-arm, multi-institutional (NCT02537548), phase II study of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RLND) as first-line treatment for testicular seminoma with isolated retroperitoneal disease. Methods: Twelve sites in the United States and Canada prospectively enrolled patients (16 years of age) with testicular seminoma and isolated retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy between 1-3 cm in size. Patients were excluded if they received prior therapy (except orchiectomy) for testicular cancer. Open, modified-template RPLND was performed by qualified surgeons with a primary endpoint of 2-year recurrence-free survival. Data on complication rates (short and long-term), pathologic up/downstaging, recurrence patterns, adjuvant therapies, and treatment-free survival were assessed. Results: A total of 55 patients were enrolled and underwent RPLND. Fourteen patients had initial stage I disease who developed isolated retroperitoneal relapse while 41 patients had clinical stage IIA-B at presentation. With a median follow-up of 24 months (8-52 months), there were a total of 10 recurrences. The overall recurrence rate was 18% with a median time to recurrence of 8 months. Of the recurrences, 8 underwent chemotherapy (6 BEP X 3, 1 EP X 4, 1 carbo/etoposide) and 2 underwent additional surgery. The two-year recurrence free survival was 87% and the overall survival was 100%. There were 7 (13%) patients who experienced short-term complications within 1 year of RPLND. Of these, 5 (9%) were classified as Clavien Dindo I-II and 2 (3.6%) were classified as Clavien Dindo III. No patients have reported long-term complications. Conclusions: This trial establishes RPLND as a therapeutic option as a first-line treatment in early metastatic seminoma. The surgery offers cancer control rates similar to those seen in non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. Clinical trial information: NCT02537548.

The NCCN Guidelines for Kidney Cancer provide multidisciplinary recommendations for diagnostic workup, staging, and treatment of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). These NCCN Guidelines Insights focus on recent updates to the guidelines, including changes to certain systemic therapy recommendations for patients with relapsed or stage IV RCC. They also discuss the addition of a new section to the guidelines that identifies and describes the most common hereditary RCC syndromes and provides recommendations for genetic testing, surveillance, and/or treatment options for patients who are suspected or confirmed to have one of these syndromes.

610 Background: Personalized treatment for clinical T1 renal cortical masses (RCMs) should account for competing risks related to tumor and patient characteristics. Using a contemporary multi-institutional cohort, we developed treatment-specific prediction models for cancer-specific mortality (CSM), other-cause mortality (OCM), and 90-day complication rates for patients managed with surgery, thermal ablation (TA), and active surveillance (AS). Methods: Preoperative clinical and radiological features were collected for eligible patients aged 18-91 years treated at four academic centers from 2000-2016. Prediction models used competing risks regressions for CSM and OCM and logistic regressions for 90-day Clavien >3 complications, adjusting for tumor size as well as patient age, sex, ECOG performance status (PS), and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Predictions accounted for missing data using multiple imputation. Results: After excluding 25 patients with no follow-up, the cohort included 4995 patients treated with radical nephrectomy (RN, n=1270), partial nephrectomy (PN, n=2842), thermal ablation (n=479), or active surveillance (n=404). Median follow-up was 5.1 years (IQR 2.5-8.5). Predictions from the fitted model are shown in an online calculator ( https://rgulati.shinyapps.io/rcc-risk-calculator ). To illustrate the use of this calculator for a specific patient, a 70-year-old female with a 5.5 cm RCM, PS of 2, and CCI of 3 has a predicted 5-year CSM of 4-7% across treatments, 5-year OCM of 34-49%, and 90-day risk of Clavien ≥3 complications of 4%, 10%, and 6% for RN, PN, and TA respectively. Conclusions: Personalized treatment selection for cT1 RCM is challenging. We present a competing risk calculator that incorporates pretreatment features to quantify competing causes of mortality and treatment-associated complications. Pending validation, this tool may be used in clinical practice to provide patients with estimated individualized treatment-specific probabilities of competing causes of death and complication risks to facilitate shared decision-making.

Testicular cancer is relatively uncommon and accounts for <1% of all male tumors. However, it is the most common solid tumor in men between the ages of 20 and 34 years, and the global incidence has been steadily rising over the past several decades. Several risk factors for testicular cancer have been identified, including personal or family history of testicular cancer and cryptorchidism. Testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs) comprise 95% of malignant tumors arising in the testes and are categorized into 2 main histologic subtypes: seminoma and nonseminoma. Although nonseminoma is the more clinically aggressive tumor subtype, 5-year survival rates exceed 70% with current treatment options, even in patients with advanced or metastatic disease. Radical inguinal orchiectomy is the primary treatment for most patients with testicular GCTs. Postorchiectomy management is dictated by stage, histology, and risk classification; treatment options for nonseminoma include surveillance, systemic therapy, and nerve-sparing retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Although rarely occurring, prognosis for patients with brain metastases remains poor, with >50% of patients dying within 1 year of diagnosis. This selection from the NCCN Guidelines for Testicular Cancer focuses on recommendations for the management of adult patients with nonseminomatous GCTs.

The NCCN Guidelines for Kidney Cancer provide multidisciplinary recommendations for the clinical management of patients with clear cell and non–clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and are intended to assist with clinical decision-making. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize the NCCN Kidney Cancer Panel discussions for the 2020 update to the guidelines regarding initial management and first-line systemic therapy options for patients with advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma.