Citations

The surge in internet use for expression of personal thoughts and beliefs has made it increasingly feasible for the social Natural Language Processing (NLP) research community to find and validate associations between social media posts and mental health status . Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of low-resourced social media data bring to fore the importance of real-time responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI) models for mental health analysis in native languages. Aiming at classifying research for social computing and tracking advances in the development of learning-based models, we propose a comprehensive survey on mental health analysis for social media and posit the need of analyzing low-resourced social media data for mental health . We first classify three components for computing on social media as: SM - data mining/natural language processing on social media , IA - integrated applications with social media data and user-network modeling, and NM - user and network modeling on social networks. To this end, we posit the need of mental health analysis in different languages of East Asia (e.g., Chinese, Japanese, Korean), South Asia (Hindi, Bengali, Tamil), Southeast Asia (Malay, Thai, Vietnamese), European languages (Spanish, French) and the Middle East (Arabic). Our comprehensive study examines available resources and recent advances in low-resourced languages for different aspects of SM, IA, and NM to discover new frontiers as potential field of research.

Amid the pandemic, people express the cause and consequences of their mental disturbance on social media platforms with ease. The causal analysis through cause detection, cause inference, and cause classification, and identifying consequences such as loneliness and low self-esteem expedite the interpersonal risk factors. The interpersonal risk factors of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness trigger clinical depression, which if left untreated advances to suicidal ideation and self-harm. The mental health practitioners are reliable on mental health triaging and motivational interviewing. To this end, this chapter models the evolution of mental disturbance through self-reported texts generated by users suffering with mental disturbance. The clinical psychology theories on interpersonal needs questionnaire (INQ) supporting a theory on thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness is followed by extracting causes and consequences in a given text.

Background: Multiple algorithms with variable performance have been developed to identify dementia using combinations of billing codes and medication data that are widely available from electronic health records (EHR). If the characteristics of misclassified patients are clearly identified, modifying existing algorithms to improve performance may be possible. Objective: To examine the performance of a code-based algorithm to identify dementia cases in the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging (MCSA) where dementia diagnosis (i.e., reference standard) is actively assessed through routine follow-up and describe the characteristics of persons incorrectly categorized. Methods: There were 5,316 participants (age at baseline (mean (SD)): 73.3 (9.68) years; 50.7% male) without dementia at baseline and available EHR data. ICD-9/10 codes and prescription medications for dementia were extracted between baseline and one year after an MCSA dementia diagnosis or last follow-up. Fisher’s exact or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare characteristics between groups. Results: Algorithm sensitivity and specificity were 0.70 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.74) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.95, 0.96). False positives (i.e., participants falsely diagnosed with dementia by the algorithm) were older, with higher Charlson comorbidity index, more likely to have mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and longer follow-up (versus true negatives). False negatives (versus true positives) were older, more likely to have MCI, or have more functional limitations. Conclusions: We observed a moderate-high performance of the code-based diagnosis method against the population-based MCSA reference standard dementia diagnosis. Older participants and those with MCI at baseline were more likely to be misclassified.

The concept of wellness, as proposed by Halbert L. Dunn, recognizes the importance of multiple dimensions, such as social and mental well-being, in maintaining overall health. Neglecting these dimensions can have long-term negative consequences on an individual's mental well-being. In the context of traditional in-person therapy sessions, efforts are made to manually identify underlying factors that contribute to mental disturbances, as these factors, if triggered, can potentially lead to severe mental health disorders. Our research focuses on introducing a meticulous task aimed at identifying indicators of wellness dimensions and detecting their presence in self-narrated human writings on the Reddit social media platform. We have mentioned Ethics and Broader Impact.

Computational models that simulate human emotions have witnessed a substantial development in recent years for widening the spectrum of applications. Emotional computation is becoming crucial in human-to-computer interactions with exponential growth of artificial intelligence. Normally referred to as emotion recognition, it is widely believed that the prospective detection of a person's emotional state of mind should be computed from their facial expressions. Face-movement combinations may express many different emotion types, for instance, hate, anger, panic, joy, grief, surprise, shock, to name a few. The goal and emphasis of this manuscript is the deployment of different algorithms and computation models for emotions. Considerable advancements in this domain of emotion recognition can be made through AI model development that discusses the challenges of the system and Facial Action Coding as an integral part of the models.