Citations

Objectives: Sexual minority women (SMW) have worse mental and physical health outcomes compared with heterosexual women. Limited research has explored menopause in SMW. This study compared menopause symptoms in cisgender SMW and heterosexual women. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis examined questionnaires from women 40-65 years, seen at women’s health clinics in Arizona, Florida, and Minnesota between December 2016 and February 2023. Menopause symptoms were evaluated using the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). An MRS score ≥ 12 indicates moderate or greater symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compare scores between cisgender SMW and heterosexual women, adjusting for factors that may impact menopause symptoms. Results: Data from 2,273 women were included, with 69 SMW. The mean age was 53.2 (SD: 6.1), body mass index 25.7 kg/m 2 , and a majority were White (91.9%). The median MRS score among all participants was 15 (interquartile range=10, 20); 67.3% reported MRS scores ≥ 12. The likelihood of being on hormone therapy or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors was comparable between groups. In both univariate (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.52-1.40) and multivariable (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.47-1.48) analyses, no significant associations between sexual orientation and MRS ≥ 12 were found. Conclusions: Menopause symptoms and likelihood of treatment were similar for cisgender SMW and heterosexual women presenting to tertiary care centers. Limited diversity in the cohort and the small number of SMW reduce the generalizability of the results. The lack of adverse social determinants of health may have contributed to the findings, but additional research in larger cohorts is needed.

ABSTRACT Background The optimal timing for basal insulin initiation in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) remains unclear. British guidelines endorse early basal insulin (EBI), while the American Diabetes Association emphasises overlap duration with intravenous insulin, without mention of timing. This meta‐analysis evaluates whether EBI administration of basal insulin improves clinical outcomes in adults with DKA. Methods A systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Databases searched included MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through December 11, 2024. Inclusion criteria included articles in the English‐language randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or observational studies evaluating EBI in adult DKA patients. Non‐human studies, conference abstracts, and case reports were excluded. The primary outcome for this study was hospital length of stay (LOS). Additional outcomes included intensive care unit (ICU) LOS, time to DKA resolution, hypoglycemia, and rebound hyperglycemia between EBI and usual care. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane and Newcastle‐Ottawa tools. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation was performed to evaluate the quality of evidence. Results From 1214 identified studies, eight (4 RCTs, 4 observational) met inclusion criteria for a total of 247 patients in the EBI group and 552 patients in the control group. No significant difference in hospital LOS was found (mean difference −11.17 h; 95% CI: −29.91 to 7.56). ICU LOS, time to DKA resolution, incidence of hypoglycemia, and rebound hyperglycemia also did not demonstrate any significant differences between groups. Significant heterogeneity existed across studies for most outcomes. All studies had a high risk of bias, and the quality of evidence was very low. Conclusion EBI did not result in significant differences in hospital LOS, ICU LOS, or time to DKA resolution; however, there were no increased adverse events with EBI. Current studies of early EBI have significant limitations. Future research should focus on developing high‐quality RCTs.

Background: A summary of pharmacist-based practices and preferences regarding the prevention and management of high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) toxicity in patients with lymphoma does not exist. The objective of the study was to describe current practices surrounding management of HDMTX therapy. This was done through a self-administered, web-based, cross-sectional survey of hematology/oncology pharmacists to ascertain practices and individual attitudes about HDMTX therapy management. Responses were summarized with descriptive statistics. Response comparisons were made using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test for categorical data, and Kruskal-Wallis test for variables on the Likert scale. A total of 175 pharmacists provided 116 eligible surveys [68 (59%) complete responses and 48 (41%) partial responses] for analysis. The Cockcroft-Gault estimated creatinine clearance formula was the most preferred method (61%) to estimate kidney function and determine HDMTX dosing. Respondents would proceed with HDMTX therapy until the predicted risk of AKI, or AKI stage 2 or 3, exceeded 50% and 20%, respectively. Preferred treatment modifications for a high predicted AKI risk after HDMTX exposure included additional prehydration, HDMTX dose reduction, and increased kidney function monitoring, although levels and degrees of agreement varied. Respondents indicated that serum cystatin C-based GFR estimates lacked evidence, accuracy, and practicality in HDMTX therapy management. There was limited familiarity with cell cycle arrest biomarker use during HDMTX therapy. Glucarpidase was considered time-sensitive and highly effective; however, acquisition cost represented a barrier to use, and the optimal dose was felt to be unknown. In conclusion, there is significant heterogeneity in supportive practices and beliefs about the optimal management for patients with lymphoma receiving HDMTX therapy.