Citations

TPS7089 Background: Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative overlap neoplasm (MDS/MPN) that can be further divided into MD (WBC < 13 x 109/L) and MP (≥13 x 109/L) subtypes. MP-CMML is enriched in RAS pathway mutations ( NRAS, CBL, KRAS, PTPN11 and NF1), has a shorter median survival (19 vs 36 months), has a higher rate of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) transformation (40% vs 10%) and has a unique transcriptomic and epigenetic composition. These RAS pathway mutations promote selective PLK1 overexpression, a mitotic checkpoint kinase. Given the relative inefficacy of hypomethylating agents (HMA) in MP-CMML and previously demonstrated in vitro and in vivo efficacy data for PLK1 inhibition on MP-CMML with RAS pathway mutations, we designed a phase 1 clinical trial testing the safety of onvansertib, a novel, orally bioavailable, PLK1 inhibitor in relapsed/refractory MP-CMML. Methods: This is an investigator-initiated, prospective, open-label, phase I study of onvansertib in MP-CMML relapsed/refractory (RR) or intolerant to existing therapies including HMA and hydroxyurea. The primary endpoint is characterization of safety. Secondary endpoints include efficacy as defined by the 2015 MDS/MPN International Working Group criteria, volumetric spleen response and symptom response via assessment with MPN-SAF-TSS. Inclusion criteria include MP-CMML RR following hydroxyurea or at least 4-cycles of HMA or intolerance of treatment with either, platelets ≥ 20,000/m3 and Cockcroft-Gault creatinine clearance ≥ 60 mL/min/m2. Hydroxyurea may continue for the first 28 days on study. Onvansertib will be given orally on days 1 through 21 of a 28-day cycle with a Bayesian optimal interval design to assess the safety and recommended phase II dose. Exploratory end points include targeting efficacy, impact of PLK1 and KMT2A expression and interactions with ASXL1 and TET2 mutations. Twenty-five patients will be enrolled at Mayo Clinic in Minnesota, with enrollment open since November 2022. Clinical trial information: NCT05549661 .

7059 Background: TP53-mutated ( TP53mut) myeloid neoplasms (MN) are aggressive leukemia with poor survival. A subset of TP53mut MN is preceded by TP53mut CCUS that is conventionally considered to be high-risk premalignant condition, though evidence supporting the notion is lacking. We studied outcomes of TP53mut CCUS compared to TP53 wild-type ( TP53wt) CCUS. Methods: Mayo Clinic Molecular Hematology Database (N=7593) was queried to identify patients (pts) harboring pathogenic variant(s) in exons 4-11 of the TP53 gene with ≥2% variance allele frequency (VAF). CCUS was defined using the 5th edition of the WHO Classification for MN. Results: Of 457 pts with TP53mut, 29 (5.9%) had TP53mut CCUS. The median age at diagnosis was 67 years, 17 (59%) were female, and 20 (69%) had received cytotoxic therapies. One and ≥2 TP53mut were seen in 26 (89.6%) and 3 (10.3%) pts, respectively. Median TP53mut VAF was 9% (range 3-42), 3 had TP53mut VAF ≥20%, and 4 (14%) had non-MDS defining cytogenetic anomalies. Of 16 pts with available follow up evaluation (median interval 22 months, Table), 3 (10.3%) progressed to TP53mut MN at 5, 13, and 14 months from diagnosis. We next compared outcomes of TP53mut CCUS to TP53wt CCUS (n=138). The proportion of pts developing MN was not different between TP53wt and TP53mut CCUS (18.1 vs 10.3%, P= .42). Progression free survival of TP53mut CCUS was comparable to TP53wt CCUS at 1- (77 vs 83%), 2- (67 vs 67%), and 5-years (67 vs 59%, P=.9). Similarly, overall survival of TP53mut vs TP53wt CCUS at 1- (81 vs 89%), 2- (76 vs 76%), and 5-years (76 vs 67%) was comparable ( P= .94). Conclusions: In contrast to the prevalent notion, TP53mut was not associated with a higher risk of MN progression or mortality compared to TP53wt CCUS. Majority of TP53mut clones showed remarkable stability over years. [Table: see text]

AbstractETV6 mutations are rare but recurrent somatic events in myeloid neoplasms and are negatively prognostic in myelodysplastic syndrome. We set out to examine the clinical and molecular characteristics of patients undergoing investigation for myeloid neoplasms, found to have deleterious ETV6 mutations. ETV6 mutations occurred in 33 of 5793 (0.6%) cases investigated and predominantly in high‐risk disease entities including MDS with increased blasts, primary myelofibrosis and AML, myelodysplasia‐related. In three cases, isolated iso (17q) karyotype was concurrently detected, an otherwise rare karyotype in myeloid neoplasms. ETV6 mutations were frequently subclonal and never occurred as an isolated abnormality with ASXL1 (n = 22, 75%), SRSF2 (n = 14, 42%) and SETBP1 (n = 11, 33%) the predominant co‐mutations. Restricting to patients with MDS, higher rates of ASXL1, SETBP1, RUNX1 and U2AF1 mutations occurred in ETV6 mutated cases, relative to a consecutive control cohort with wild‐type ETV6. The median OS of the cohort was 17.5 months. This report highlights the clinical and molecular associations of somatic ETV6 mutations in myeloid neoplasms, suggests their occurrence as a later event, and proposes further translational research questions for their role in myeloid neoplasia.

Abstract The overall survival (OS) has improved significantly in multiple myeloma (MM) over the last decade with the use of proteasome inhibitor and immunomodulatory drug-based combinations, followed by high-dose melphalan and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) and subsequent maintenance therapies in eligible newly diagnosed patients. However, clinical trials using auto-HSCT followed by lenalidomide maintenance have shown an increased risk of second primary malignancies (SPM), including second hematological malignancies (SHM). We evaluated the impact of SPM and SHM on progression-free survival (PFS) and OS in patients with MM after auto-HSCT using CIBMTR registry data. Adult patients with MM who underwent first auto-HSCT in the United States with melphalan conditioning regimen from 2011 to 2018 and received maintenance therapy were included (n = 3948). At a median follow-up of 37 months, 175 (4%) patients developed SPM, including 112 (64%) solid, 36 (20%) myeloid, 24 (14%) SHM, not otherwise specified, and 3 (2%) lymphoid malignancies. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that SPM and SHM were associated with an inferior PFS (hazard ratio [HR] 2.62, P &lt; .001 and HR 5.01, P &lt; .001, respectively) and OS (HR 3.85, P &lt; .001 and HR 8.13, P &lt; .001, respectively). In patients who developed SPM and SHM, MM remained the most frequent primary cause of death (42% vs 30% and 53% vs 18%, respectively). We conclude the development of SPM and SHM leads to a poor survival in patients with MM and is an important survivorship challenge. Given the median survival for MM continues to improve, continued vigilance is needed to assess the risks of SPM and SHM with maintenance therapy post–auto-HSCT.