Abstract We compared arthroscopic patial meniscectomy with limited debridement versus arthroscopic abrasion arthroplasty in patients with osteoarthritis. Group I consisted of 131 knees in 131 patients treated by partial meniscectomy and debridement of loose articular cartilage or removal of loose bodies. All patients had grade 3 or 4 chondromalacia in the affected compartment. The patients were followed for a mean of 3 ± 1 years. Group II consisted of 28 knees in 28 patients treated by debridement with abrasion arthroplasty of exposed bone. The mean age of this group of patients was 63 years and they were followed for a mean of 3.8 years. The Group I patients noted 80% improvement by 1 year but this fell to 67% by 5 years after meniscectomy. Overall, 104 were improved, 16 unchanged, and 15 worse at the time of last evaluation compared to their preoperative status. In the Group II patients, 11 were improved, 8 unchanged, and 9 worse. Fifty percent of Group II subsequently underwent a total knee arthroplasty for salvage at a mean of 3 years following the abrasion procedure. Abrasion arthroplasty appears to offer little benefit over partial meniscectomy and debridement in the degenerative knee. Results of abrasion arthroplasty are unpredictable.