Following infection, naïve CD8 + T cells bearing pathogen-specific T cell receptors (TCRs) differentiate into a mixed population of short-lived effector and long-lived memory T cells to mediate an adaptive immune response. How the TCR regulates memory T cell development has remained elusive. Using a mutant TCR transgenic model, we found that point mutations in the TCR β transmembrane domain (βTMD) impair the development and function of CD8 + memory T cells without affecting primary effector T cell responses. Mutant T cells are deficient in polarizing the TCR and in organizing the nuclear factor κB signal at the immunological synapse. Thus, effector and memory states of CD8 + T cells are separable fates, determined by differential TCR signaling.
Utility of membrane preconcentration-capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry in overcoming limited sample loading for analysis of biologically derived drug metabolites, peptides, and proteins
Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry | July 25, 2002 | Volume: 8 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 15-24