Citations

Cardiovascular responses exhibited both sex-dependent and sex-independent alterations in acute pancreatitis models of differing severity. In cerulein-induced mild acute pancreatitis, both sexes showed enhanced cardiac systolic function with only modest differences in vascular permeability. In severe acute pancreatitis, vascular permeability was similar between sexes, but compensatory cardiac systolic augmentation was preserved only in females. Angiopoietin-2 was identified as a compensatory cardiac mediator in severe disease.