Citations

Clinic-based headache registries collect data for a wide variety of purposes including delineating disease characteristics, longitudinal natural disease courses, headache management approaches, quality of care, treatment safety and effectiveness, factors that predict treatment response, health care resource utilization, clinician adherence to guidelines, and cost-effectiveness. Registry data are valuable for numerous stakeholders, including individuals with headache disorders and their caregivers, healthcare providers, scientists, healthcare systems, regulatory authorities, pharmaceutical companies, employers, and policymakers. This International Headache Society document may serve as guidance for developing clinic-based headache registries. Use of registry data requires a formal research protocol that includes: 1) research aims; 2) methods for data collection, harmonization, analysis, privacy, and protection; 3) methods for human subject protection; and 4) publication and dissemination plans. Depending upon their objectives, headache registries should include validated headache-specific questionnaires, patient reported outcome measures, data elements that are used consistently across studies (i.e., “common data elements”), and medical record data. Amongst other data types, registries may be linked to healthcare and pharmacy claims data, biospecimens, and neuroimaging data. Headache diagnoses should be made according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders diagnostic criteria. The data from well-designed headache registries can provide wide-ranging and novel insights into the characteristics, burden, and treatment of headache disorders and ultimately lead to improvements in the management of patients with headache.

Abstract Background Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is an emerging area for pharmacist involvement. However, many residency training programs do not offer OPAT rotation opportunities for their residents. Objective To provide a blueprint for residency programs hoping to offer OPAT rotations for postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) or postgraduate year 2 (PGY2) pharmacy residents. Results As a rotation area with copious patient interaction, there are many unique accreditation objectives that can be taught and evaluated in an OPAT rotation. The OPAT rotation format may be longitudinal or block. Activities the resident can complete include predischarge evaluation, patient counseling, medication selection, physical examinations, laboratory monitoring, patient presentations, documentation, projects, and educational presentations. Conclusion OPAT rotations provide many opportunities for residents to satisfy the objectives required in residency training.